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  • 1
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    Seismicity distribution and locking depth along the Main Marmara Fault, Turkey (2015)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2015-12-10
    Description: The seismicity along the Main Marmara Fault (MMF) below the Marmara Sea is analyzed during the 2007-2012 period to provide insights on the recent evolution of this important regional seismic gap. High precision locations show that seismicity is strongly varying along strike and depth providing fine details of the fault behavior that are unaccessible from geodetic inversions. The activity strongly clusters at the regions of transition between basins. The Central basin shows significant seismicity located below the shallow locking depth inferred from GPS measurements. Its b -value is low and the average seismic slip is high. All observations are consistent with a deep creep of this segment. On the contrary, the Kumburgaz basin at the center of the fault shows sparse seismicity with the hallmarks of a locked segment. In the eastern Marmara Sea, the seismicity distribution along the Princes Island segment in the Cinarcik basin, is consistent with the geodetic locking depth of 10km and a low contribution to the regional seismic energy release. The assessment of the locked segment areas provide an estimate of the magnitude of the main forthcoming event to be about 7.3 assuming that the rupture will not enter significantly within creeping domains. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Electronic ISSN: 1525-2027
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 2
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    Seismic Activity preceding the 2011 Mw9.0 Tohoku earthquake, Japan, analyzed with Multi‐Dimensional Template Matching (MDTM) (2019)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: Abstract The observation of a transient slip one month before the rupture of the 2011 Tohoku earthquake is a conandrum since the area was supposedly fully coupled. A better understanding of the mechanisms at work during the preseismic phase is thus fundamental. However, the configuration of the Pacific plate and the location of the Tohoku rupture zone 200km from the coast make it difficult to detect microseismic events. In this study, we use a Multi‐Dimensionnal Template Matching (MDTM) technique to detect earthquakes that are hidden in the noise. The temporal distribution of these 395 newly detected earthquakes provide new insights on the slip history of the megathrust earthquake epicentral zone. The detected events can be separated into two groups: 187 low frequency detections (below 5 Hz) that well‐recorded the episodes of earthquake migration prior to the Tohoku earthquake and 208 high frequency detections (above 10 Hz) that occurred close to the rupture zones of the M≥4.8‐6 earthquakes that struck between the 2011/3/9 M7.3 foreshock and the 2011/3/11 Tohoku‐Oki earthquake. The seismic rate of these high frequency detection events starts to increase on the 2010/11/30 until the Tohoku earthquake.
    Print ISSN: 2169-9313
    Electronic ISSN: 2169-9356
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 3
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    Foreshock activity related to enhanced aftershock production (2014)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2014-09-07
    Description: Foreshock activity sometimes precedes the occurrence of large earthquakes, but the nature of this seismicity is still debated, and whether it marks transient deformation and/or slip nucleation is still unclear. We here study at the world wide scale how foreshock occurrence affects the post-seismic phase, and find a significant positive correlation between foreshock and aftershock activities: earthquakes preceded by accelerating seismicity rates produce 40 % more aftershocks on average, and the length of the aftershock zone after 20 days is 20 % larger. These observations cannot be reproduced by standard earthquake clustering models that predict the accelerating pattern of foreshock occurrence but not its impact on aftershock activity. This strongly suggests that slow deformation transients, possibly related to episodic creep, could initiate prior to the mainshock and extend past the co-seismic phase, resulting in compound ruptures that include a very long period (up to tens of days) component.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 4
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    Updip and Along‐strike Aftershock Migration Model Driven by Afterslip: Application to the 2011 Tohoku‐Oki Aftershock Sequence (2019)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: Abstract We present an analytical model based on the idea that afterslip drives seismicity: aftershocks occur when a given level of afterslip is reached in their vicinity. Afterslip is assumed to be governed by a resisting stress that increases as the logarithm of the sliding velocity. This model extend the aftershock migration model of Perfettini et al. [2018], limited to along‐strike migration and the early postseismic phase, to any migration direction (in particular the along‐dip migration) and any time of the postseismic phase. This model is able to capture most of the features of aftershock migration such as the increase of the aftershock region as the logarithm of time and the observed aftershock migration velocities. When applied to the aftershock sequence of the Tohoku‐Oki earthquake, our model is able to describe the expansion of the aftershock region in both strike and dip directions together with the observed variations of migration velocities.
    Print ISSN: 2169-9313
    Electronic ISSN: 2169-9356
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 5
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    Extended nucleation of the 1999 Mw 7.6 Izmit earthquake (2011)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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    Publication Date: 2011-02-19
    Description: Laboratory and theoretical studies suggest that earthquakes are preceded by a phase of developing slip instability in which the fault slips slowly before accelerating to dynamic rupture. We report here that one of the best-recorded large earthquakes to date, the 1999 moment magnitude (M(w)) 7.6 Izmit (Turkey) earthquake, was preceded by a seismic signal of long duration that originated from the hypocenter. The signal consisted of a succession of repetitive seismic bursts, accelerating with time, and increased low-frequency seismic noise. These observations show that the earthquake was preceded for 44 minutes by a phase of slow slip occurring at the base of the brittle crust. This slip accelerated slowly initially, and then rapidly accelerated in the 2 minutes preceding the earthquake.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bouchon, Michel -- Karabulut, Hayrullah -- Aktar, Mustafa -- Ozalaybey, Serdar -- Schmittbuhl, Jean -- Bouin, Marie-Paule -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2011 Feb 18;331(6019):877-80. doi: 10.1126/science.1197341.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique and Universite Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, France. Michel.Bouchon@ujf-grenoble.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/21330536" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    Observation of long supershear rupture during the magnitude 8.1 Kunlunshan earthquake (2003)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2003-08-09
    Description: The 2001 Kunlunshan earthquake was an extraordinary event that produced a 400-km-long surface rupture. Regional broadband recordings of this event provide an opportunity to accurately observe the speed at which a fault ruptures during an earthquake, which has important implications for seismic risk and for understanding earthquake physics. We determined that rupture propagated on the 400-km-long fault at an average speed of 3.7 to 3.9 km/s, which exceeds the shear velocity of the brittle part of the crust. Rupture started at sub-Rayleigh wave velocity and became supershear, probably approaching 5 km/s, after about 100 km of propagation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bouchon, Michel -- Vallee, Martin -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2003 Aug 8;301(5634):824-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Universite Joseph Fourier and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, Laboratoire de Geophysique Interne et Tectonophysique, Boite postale 53, 38041 Grenoble, France.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12907799" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    The aftershock signature of supershear earthquakes (2008)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-06-07
    Description: Recent studies show that earthquake faults may rupture at speeds exceeding the shear wave velocity of rocks. This supershear rupture produces in the ground a seismic shock wave similar to the sonic boom produced by a supersonic airplane. This shock wave may increase the destruction caused by the earthquake. We report that supershear earthquakes are characterized by a specific pattern of aftershocks: The fault plane itself is remarkably quiet whereas aftershocks cluster off the fault, on secondary structures that are activated by the supershear rupture. The post-earthquake quiescence of the fault shows that friction is relatively uniform over supershear segments, whereas the activation of off-fault structures is explained by the shock wave radiation, which produces high stresses over a wide zone surrounding the fault.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bouchon, Michel -- Karabulut, Hayrullah -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2008 Jun 6;320(5881):1323-5. doi: 10.1126/science.1155030.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique et Universite Joseph Fourier, Grenoble, Laboratoire de Geophysique Interne et Tectonophysique, Boite Postale 53, 38041 Grenoble, France. Michel.Bouchon@ujf-grenoble.fr〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18535239" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Revisiting Slow Slip Events occurrence in Boso Peninsula, Japan, combining GPS data and Repeating Earthquakes analysis. (2017)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2017-12-06
    Description: Slow Slip Events (SSEs) regularly occur near the Boso Peninsula, central Japan. Their time of recurrence has been decreasing from 6.4 to 2.2 years from 1996 to 2014 [ Ozawa , 2014]. It is important to better constrain the slip history of this area, especially as models show that the recurrence intervals could become shorter prior to the occurrence of a large interplate earthquake nearby [ Matsuzawa et al. , 2010; Mitsui , 2015]. We analyse the seismic waveforms of more than 2,900 events (M≥1.0) taking place in the Boso Peninsula, Japan from 2004/04/01 to 2015/11/04, calculating the correlation and the coherence between each pair of events in order to define groups of repeating earthquakes. The cumulative number of repeating earthquakes suggests the existence of two slow slip events that have escaped detection so far. Small transient displacements observed in the time series of nearby GPS stations confirm these results. The detection scheme coupling Repeating Earthquakes and GPS analysis allow to detect small SSEs that were not seen before by classical methods. This work brings new informations on the diversity of SSEs and demonstrates that the SSEs in Boso area present a more complex history than previously considered.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 9
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    Change in seismicity along the Japan trench, 1990 - 2011, and its relationship with seismic coupling (2017)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2017-05-18
    Description: We investigate the temporal evolution of the background seismicity rate related to the subduction of the Pacific plate in northeast Japan, at latitudes 34 o to 42 o , for the 1/1/1990 - 9/3/2011 period. Two declustering methods are used to identify robust features. We find that the dominant behaviour is a lowering down of activity, especially in the northern half of our studied area, where changes appear related to the cycle of M7.5+ earthquakes, in particular the 1968 Tokachi and the 1994 Sanriku earthquakes. Acceleration of background seismicity is observed offshore the Kanto region, and could mark a long term decoupling of the Pacific and the Philippine Sea plates over a 100 km-long segment along the Sagimi Trough, which cannot be simply explained by the earthquake cycle model. Our analysis further suggests that changes in background seismicity are plausibly related to changes in seismic coupling, and thus further strengthens the recent observation that seismic coupling does vary at the time scales of tens of years, for the Japanese subduction zone.
    Print ISSN: 0148-0227
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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  • 10
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    Long-lasting seismic repeaters in the Central Basin of the Main Marmara Fault (2016)
    Wiley
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    Publication Date: 2016-09-10
    Description: The Main Marmara Fault (MMF) which crosses the whole Marmara Sea is a significant seismic gap along the North Anatolian Fault. Here we show that nine long-lasting strike-slip seismic repeaters exist below the Central basin within the seismogenic zone, in a 10 km region where deep creep was previously suggested from the analysis of the local seismicity. The typical recurrence time is 8 months during the 2008-2015 period. The cumulative slip of the repeating sequence appears to be compatible with the regional geodetic slip rate if they are assumed to be part of a large single asperity (10 km). The repeaters also exhibit short term crises and are possibly related to bursts of creep.
    Print ISSN: 0094-8276
    Electronic ISSN: 1944-8007
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Wiley on behalf of American Geophysical Union (AGU).
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