ALBERT

Description: Author(s): M. Schubert, R. Korlacki, S. Knight, T. Hofmann, S. Schöche, V. Darakchieva, E. Janzén, B. Monemar, D. Gogova, Q.-T. Thieu, R. Togashi, H. Murakami, Y. Kumagai, K. Goto, A. Kuramata, S. Yamakoshi, and M. Higashiwaki There is growing interest in low-symmetry metal oxides because of their potential use in high-power electronics capable to sustain very high voltages. Very little is known about their fundamental physical properties, such as transverse and longitudinal optical phonon modes, dielectric constants, and how free charge carriers couple with lattice vibrations. This lack of information is partially due to the complexity by which these properties intertwine due to the low symmetry crystal systems. Here, the authors describe a general pathway to the analysis of long-wavelength experiments for monoclinic and triclinic crystal systems, and they report for the first time a complete set of phonon modes for the monoclinic phase of gallium oxide. These parameters may arrive just in time to support computational optimization of charge and heat transport for device designs. The concept for analysis of long wavelength properties in monoclinic and triclinic crystal systems can help access a widely uncharted field in condensed matter physics. [Phys. Rev. B 93, 125209] Published Tue Mar 15, 2016

Description: Acorn worms, also known as enteropneust (literally, 'gut-breathing') hemichordates, are marine invertebrates that share features with echinoderms and chordates. Together, these three phyla comprise the deuterostomes. Here we report the draft genome sequences of two acorn worms, Saccoglossus kowalevskii and Ptychodera flava. By comparing them with diverse bilaterian genomes, we identify shared traits that were probably inherited from the last common deuterostome ancestor, and then explore evolutionary trajectories leading from this ancestor to hemichordates, echinoderms and chordates. The hemichordate genomes exhibit extensive conserved synteny with amphioxus and other bilaterians, and deeply conserved non-coding sequences that are candidates for conserved gene-regulatory elements. Notably, hemichordates possess a deuterostome-specific genomic cluster of four ordered transcription factor genes, the expression of which is associated with the development of pharyngeal 'gill' slits, the foremost morphological innovation of early deuterostomes, and is probably central to their filter-feeding lifestyle. Comparative analysis reveals numerous deuterostome-specific gene novelties, including genes found in deuterostomes and marine microbes, but not other animals. The putative functions of these genes can be linked to physiological, metabolic and developmental specializations of the filter-feeding ancestor.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4729200/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4729200/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Simakov, Oleg -- Kawashima, Takeshi -- Marletaz, Ferdinand -- Jenkins, Jerry -- Koyanagi, Ryo -- Mitros, Therese -- Hisata, Kanako -- Bredeson, Jessen -- Shoguchi, Eiichi -- Gyoja, Fuki -- Yue, Jia-Xing -- Chen, Yi-Chih -- Freeman, Robert M Jr -- Sasaki, Akane -- Hikosaka-Katayama, Tomoe -- Sato, Atsuko -- Fujie, Manabu -- Baughman, Kenneth W -- Levine, Judith -- Gonzalez, Paul -- Cameron, Christopher -- Fritzenwanker, Jens H -- Pani, Ariel M -- Goto, Hiroki -- Kanda, Miyuki -- Arakaki, Nana -- Yamasaki, Shinichi -- Qu, Jiaxin -- Cree, Andrew -- Ding, Yan -- Dinh, Huyen H -- Dugan, Shannon -- Holder, Michael -- Jhangiani, Shalini N -- Kovar, Christie L -- Lee, Sandra L -- Lewis, Lora R -- Morton, Donna -- Nazareth, Lynne V -- Okwuonu, Geoffrey -- Santibanez, Jireh -- Chen, Rui -- Richards, Stephen -- Muzny, Donna M -- Gillis, Andrew -- Peshkin, Leonid -- Wu, Michael -- Humphreys, Tom -- Su, Yi-Hsien -- Putnam, Nicholas H -- Schmutz, Jeremy -- Fujiyama, Asao -- Yu, Jr-Kai -- Tagawa, Kunifumi -- Worley, Kim C -- Gibbs, Richard A -- Kirschner, Marc W -- Lowe, Christopher J -- Satoh, Noriyuki -- Rokhsar, Daniel S -- Gerhart, John -- HD37277/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- HD42724/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01 HD037277/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01 HD073104/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- R01HD073104/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- T32 HD055164/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- U54 HG003273/HG/NHGRI NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2015 Nov 26;527(7579):459-65. doi: 10.1038/nature16150. Epub 2015 Nov 18.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Molecular Genetics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan. ; Department of Molecular Evolution, Centre for Organismal Studies, University of Heidelberg, 69115 Heidelberg, Germany. ; Marine Genomics Unit, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan. ; Department of Zoology, University of Oxford, Oxford OX1 3PS, UK. ; HudsonAlpha Institute of Biotechnology, Huntsville, Alabama 35806, USA. ; DNA Sequencing Section, Okinawa Institute of Science and Technology Graduate University, Onna, Okinawa 904-0495, Japan. ; Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley California 94720-3200, USA. ; Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Rice University, Houston, Texas 77005, USA. ; Institute of Cellular and Organismic Biology, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan. ; Department of Systems Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. ; Marine Biological Laboratory, Graduate School of Science, Hiroshima University, Onomichi, Hiroshima 722-0073, Japan. ; Natural Science Center for Basic Research and Development, Gene Science Division, Hiroshima University, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8527, Japan. ; Marine Biological Association of the UK, The Laboratory, Citadel Hill, Plymouth PL1 2PB, UK. ; Department of Biology, Hopkins Marine Station, Stanford University, Pacific Grove, California 93950, USA. ; Department de sciences biologiques, University of Montreal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada. ; University of North Caroline at Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA. ; Human Genome Sequencing Center, Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, One Baylor Plaza, MS BCM226, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. ; Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EJ, UK. ; Institute for Biogenesis Research, University of Hawaii, Hawaii 96822, USA. ; National Institute of Genetics, Mishima, Shizuoka 411-8540, Japan. ; US Department of Energy Joint Genome Institute, Walnut Creek, California 94598, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/26580012" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉

Description: Author(s): Alyssa Mock, Rafał Korlacki, Chad Briley, Vanya Darakchieva, Bo Monemar, Yoshinao Kumagai, Ken Goto, Masataka Higashiwaki, and Mathias Schubert We employ an eigenpolarization model including the description of direction dependent excitonic effects for rendering critical point structures within the dielectric function tensor of monoclinic β − Ga 2 O 3 yielding a comprehensive analysis of generalized ellipsometry data obtained from 0.75–9 eV. The ... [Phys. Rev. B 96, 245205] Published Fri Dec 29, 2017

Description: No abstract available

Description: High cadence observations by the slit-jaw (SJ) optics system of the sounding rocket experiment known as the Chromospheric Lyman Alpha SpectroPolarimeter (CLASP) reveal ubiquitous intensity disturbances that recurrently propagate in one or both of the chromosphere or transition region at a speed much higher than the sound speed. The CLASP/SJ instrument provides a time series of 2D images taken with broadband filters centered on the Ly(alpha) line at a 0.6 s cadence. The fast propagating intensity disturbances are detected in the quiet Sun and in an active region, and at least 20 events are clearly detected in the field of view of 527 x 527 during the 5-minute observing time. The apparent speeds of the intensity disturbances range from 150 to 350 km/s, and they are comparable to the local Alfven speed in the transition region. The intensity disturbances tend to propagate along bright elongated structures away from areas with strong photospheric magnetic fields. This suggests that the observed propagating intensity disturbances are related to the magnetic canopy structures. The maximum distance traveled by the intensity disturbances is of about 10, and the widths are a few arcseconds, which is almost determined by the pixel size of 1.03. The timescale of each intensity pulse is shorter than 30 s. One possible explanation of the fast propagating intensity disturbances observed by CLASP is magneto-hydrodynamic fast mode waves.

Description: No abstract available

Description: We are planning an international rocket experiment Chromospheric Lyman-Alpha Spectro-Polarimeter (CLASP) is (2015 planned) that Lyman line (Ly(alpha) line) polarization spectroscopic observations from the sun. The purpose of this experiment, detected with high accuracy of the linear polarization of the Ly(alpha) lines to 0.1% by using a Hanle effect is to measure the magnetic field of the chromosphere-transition layer directly. For polarization photometric accuracy achieved that approx. 0.1% required for CLASP, it is necessary to realize the monitoring device with a high throughput. On the other hand, Ly(alpha) line (vacuum ultraviolet rays) have a sensitive characteristics that is absorbed by the material. We therefore set the optical system of the reflection system (transmission only the wavelength plate), each of the mirrors, subjected to high efficiency of the multilayer coating in accordance with the role. Primary mirror diameter of CLASP is about 30 cm, the amount of heat about 30,000 J is about 5 minutes of observation time is coming mainly in the visible light to the telescope. In addition, total flux of the sun visible light overwhelmingly large and about 200 000 times the Ly(alpha) line wavelength region. Therefore, in terms of thermal management and 0.1% of the photometric measurement accuracy achieved telescope, elimination of the visible light is essential. We therefore, has a high reflectivity (〉 50%) in Ly line, visible light is a multilayer coating be kept to a low reflectance (〈5%) (cold mirror coating) was applied to the primary mirror. On the other hand, the efficiency of the polarization analyzer required chromospheric magnetic field measurement (the amount of light) Conventional (magnesium fluoride has long been known as a material for vacuum ultraviolet (MgF2) manufactured ellipsometer; Rs = 22%) about increased to 2.5 times were high efficiency reflective polarizing element analysis. This device, Bridou et al. (2011) is proposed "that is coated with a thin film of the substrate MgF2 and SiO2 fused silica." As a result of the measurement, Rs = 54.5%, to achieve a Rp = 0.3%, high efficiency, of course, capable of taking out only about s-polarized light. Other reflective optical elements (the secondary mirror, the diffraction gratingcollector mirror), subjected to high-reflection coating of Al + MgF2 (reflectance of about 80%), less than 5% in the entire optical system by these (CCD Science was achieved a high throughput as a device for a vacuum ultraviolet ray of the entire system less than 5% (CCD of QE is not included).

Description: The international team is promoting the CLASP2 (Chromospheric LAyer Spectro-Polarimeter 2) sounding rocket experiment, which is the re-flight of CLASP (2015). In this second flight, we will refit the existing CLASP instrument to measure all Stokes parameters in Mg II h k lines, and aim at inferring the magnetic field information in the upper chromosphere combining the Hanle and Zeeman effects. CLASP2 project was approved by NASA in December 2016, and is now scheduled to fly in 2019.

Description: The CLASP (Chromospheric Lyman-Alpha Spectro- Polarimeter) rocket experiment, in addition to the ultraviolet region of the Ly alpha emission line (121.57 nm), emission lines of Si III (120.65 nm) and OV (121.83 nm) is can be observed. These are optically thin line compared to a Ly alpha line, if Rarere captured its polarization, there is a possibility that dripping even a new physical diagnosis chromosphere-transition layer. In particular, OV bright light is a release from the transition layer, further, three P one to one S(sub 0) is a forbidden line (cross-triplet transition between lines), it was not quite know whether to polarization.