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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: Abstract In this study, the electrical properties of Bi4Ti3O12‐based Aurivillius‐type ceramics were tailored by a B‐site co‐doping strategy combining high valence Ta5+ and low valence Cu2+. A series of Bi4Ti3−x(Cu1/3Ta2/3)xO12 (BTCT) (x = 0, 0.005, 0.01, 0.015, 0.02, 0.025, and 0.03) ceramics were prepared by the conventional solid‐state reaction method. The effect of Cu/Ta co‐doping on the crystal structure, microstructure, dielectric properties, piezoelectric properties, ferroelectric properties, and electrical conductivity of these ceramics was systematically investigated. Co‐doping significantly enhanced the piezoelectric properties and DC electrical resistivity of the resulting composites. The optimized comprehensive performances were obtained at x = 0.015 with a large piezoelectric coefficient (34 pC/N) and a relatively high resistivity of 9.02 × 106 Ω cm at 500°C. Furthermore, the ceramic also exhibited stable thermal annealing behaviors and excellent fatigue resistance. The results of this study demonstrated great potential of the Cu/Ta co‐doped Bi4Ti3O12 ceramics for high‐temperature piezoelectric device applications.
    Print ISSN: 0002-7820
    Electronic ISSN: 1551-2916
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Published by Wiley
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2019
    Description: Abstract In this reported study, (Bi0.5Na0.5)0.93Ba0.07Ti1+xO3 (abbreviated as BNBT1+x) ceramics, containing Ti‐nonstoichiometry that ranged from a 2% deficiency to a 1% excess, were designed and systematically characterized. The results of the X‐ray diffraction Rietveld refinement and X‐ray photoelectron spectroscopy analysis of these materials revealed that the amount of Ti in the BNBT1+x ceramics significantly affected the degree of coexistent rhombohedral/tetragonal phases and also affected the content of singly/doubly charged oxygen‐vacancy (Vȯ/Vö) in the ceramics. After poling and 105 fatigue cycles, the variation in Raman resonance line‐width of the Ti‐O bond in the BNBT1+x ceramics was found to be strongly dependent on the amount of Ti in the ceramic. The Ti(3+)′Ti4+–Vȯ→Ti(3+)′Ti4+–Vö transformation and clustering of the Ti(3+)′Ti4+–Vö defects under electrical loading was considered to be a critical factor in electric‐field induced structural transition and fatigue properties of the material. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
    Print ISSN: 0002-7820
    Electronic ISSN: 1551-2916
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Published by Wiley
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2017-02-10
    Description: Podocytes are component cells of the glomerular filtration barrier, and their loss by apoptosis is the main cause of proteinuria that leads to diabetic nephropathy (DN). Therefore, insights into podocyte apoptosis mechanism would allow a better understanding of DN pathogenesis and thus help develop adequate therapeutic strategies. Here, we investigated the molecular mechanism of palmitic acid-inhibited cell death in mouse podocytes, and found that palmitic acid increased cell death in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Palmitic acid induces apoptosis in podocytes through up-regulation of cytosolic and mitochondrial Ca 2+ , mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), cytochrome c release and depletion of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) Ca 2+ , The intracellular calcium chelator, 1,2-bis (2-aminophenoxy) ethane- N , N , N , N ′-tetraacetic acid tetrakis acetoxymethyl ester (BAPTA-AM), partially prevented this up-regulation whereas 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate (2-APB), an inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate receptor (IP3R) inhibitor; dantrolene, a ryanodine receptor (RyR) inhibitor; and 4,4'-diisothiocyanatostibene-2,2'-disulfonic acid (DIDS), an anion exchange inhibitor, had no effect. Interestingly, ruthenium red and Ru360, both inhibitors of the mitochondrial Ca 2+ uniporter (MCU), blocked palmitic acid-induced mitochondrial Ca 2+ elevation, cytochrome c release from mitochondria to cytosol, and apoptosis. siRNA to MCU markedly reduced curcumin-induced apoptosis. These data indicate that Ca 2+ uptake via mitochondrial uniporter contributes to palmitic acid-induced apoptosis in mouse podocytes. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved
    Electronic ISSN: 0091-7419
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Published by Wiley
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