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  • Weitere Quellen  (5)
  • Nature Research  (3)
  • Elsevier  (2)
  • 2015-2019  (5)
  • 1
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    A communal catalogue reveals Earth’s multiscale microbial diversity (2017)
    Nature Research
    In:  Nature, 551 (7681). pp. 457-463.
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-06
    Beschreibung: Our growing awareness of the microbial world’s importance and diversity contrasts starkly with our limited understanding of its fundamental structure. Despite recent advances in DNA sequencing, a lack of standardized protocols and common analytical frameworks impedes comparisons among studies, hindering the development of global inferences about microbial life on Earth. Here we present a meta-analysis of microbial community samples collected by hundreds of researchers for the Earth Microbiome Project. Coordinated protocols and new analytical methods, particularly the use of exact sequences instead of clustered operational taxonomic units, enable bacterial and archaeal ribosomal RNA gene sequences to be followed across multiple studies and allow us to explore patterns of diversity at an unprecedented scale. The result is both a reference database giving global context to DNA sequence data and a framework for incorporating data from future studies, fostering increasingly complete characterization of Earth’s microbial diversity.
    Materialart: Article , PeerReviewed
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    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    ARTIKEL (OCEANREP)
  • 2
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    Biological and physical influences on marine snowfall at the equator (2017)
    Nature Research
    In:  Nature Geoscience, 10 (11). pp. 852-858.
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    Publikationsdatum: 2020-06-18
    Beschreibung: High primary productivity in the equatorial Atlantic and Pacific oceans is one of the key features of tropical ocean biogeochemistry and fuels a substantial flux of particulate matter towards the abyssal ocean. How biological processes and equatorial current dynamics shape the particle size distribution and flux, however, is poorly understood. Here we use high-resolution size-resolved particle imaging and Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler data to assess these influences in equatorial oceans. We find an increase in particle abundance and flux at depths of 300 to 600 m at the Atlantic and Pacific equator, a depth range to which zooplankton and nekton migrate vertically in a daily cycle. We attribute this particle maximum to faecal pellet production by these organisms. At depths of 1,000 to 4,000 m, we find that the particulate organic carbon flux is up to three times greater in the equatorial belt (1° S–1° N) than in off-equatorial regions. At 3,000 m, the flux is dominated by small particles less than 0.53 mm in diameter. The dominance of small particles seems to be caused by enhanced active and passive particle export in this region, as well as by the focusing of particles by deep eastward jets found at 2° N and 2° S. We thus suggest that zooplankton movements and ocean currents modulate the transfer of particulate carbon from the surface to the deep ocean.
    Materialart: Article , PeerReviewed
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    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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    ARTIKEL (OCEANREP)
  • 3
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    Pseudotrichonympha leei, Pseudotrichonympha lifesoni, and Pseudotrichonympha pearti, new species of parabasalian flagellates and the description of a rotating subcellular structure (2017)
    Nature Research
    In:  Scientific Reports, 7 (1).
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2020-02-06
    Beschreibung: Pseudotrichonympha is a large and structurally complex genus of parabasalian protists that play a key role in the digestion of lignocellulose in the termite hindgut. Like many termite symbionts, it has a conspicuous body plan that makes genus-level identification relatively easy, but species-level diversity of Pseudotrichonympha is understudied. Molecular surveys have suggested the diversity is much greater than the current number of described species, and that many “species” described in multiple hosts are in fact different, but gene sequences from formally described species remain a rarity. Here we describe three new species from Coptotermes and Prorhinotermes hosts, including small subunit ribosomal RNA (SSU rRNA) sequences from single cells. Based on host identification by morphology and DNA barcoding, as well as the morphology and phylogenetic position of each symbiont, all three represent new Pseudotrichonympha species: P. leei, P. lifesoni, and P. pearti. Pseudotrichonympha leei and P. lifesoni, both from Coptotermes, are closely related to other Coptotermes symbionts including the type species, P. hertwigi. Pseudotrichonympha pearti is the outlier of the trio, more distantly related to P. leei and P. lifesoni than they are to one another, and contains unique features, including an unusual rotating intracellular structure of unknown function.
    Materialart: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
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    Biomass-dependent seagrass resilience to sediment eutrophication (2018)
    Elsevier
    In:  Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology, 501 . pp. 54-64.
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    Publikationsdatum: 2021-02-22
    Beschreibung: Seagrass beds provide a wealth of ecosystem services that benefit society (e.g., habitat and feeding ground for juvenile fisheries species), but the Anthropocene has seen to a global decline of these productive habitats. Many temperate estuaries are becoming eutrophic due to horticultural, agricultural, and urban nutrient run off, but the role of this enrichment in seagrass decline is not fully understood. In a multi-site manipulative field experiment (Tauranga Harbour, New Zealand; 37°S, 176°E), we elevated pore water nitrogen (N) concentrations (mimicking the consequences of long-term eutrophication) to examine effects on seagrass meadows. At six intertidal seagrass sites with differing sediment properties and macrofaunal communities, slow release urea fertiliser (200 g N m−2) was buried in 1 m2 plots at the start of the peak growing season (early summer). After 60 d, we measured several seagrass morphological variables (cover, leaf length and width, and above and below ground biomass), sediment properties, and macrofauna community structure. Results demonstrate that the resilience of seagrass meadows to N enrichment is highly site-dependent. Two of the six sites showed significant declines in a multivariate indicator of seagrass morphology, driven by marked reductions in seagrass cover and leaf length (of up to 78%). Whereas, other sites appeared resilient to N enrichment. It was expected that these site-specific responses would be correlated with changes in sediment properties that alter nutrient processing capacity (permeability and biogeochemistry). However, site-specific responses were instead correlated with the ambient seagrass biomass and macrofaunal diversity. Sites with low ambient seagrass biomass and macrofaunal diversity were less resilient to enrichment. These results highlight that seagrass biomass could be a good indicator of resilience to nutrient enrichment, and the biomass where resilience is lost may lie between 140 and 285 g DW m−2. This study contributes knowledge that is required for predicting and mitigating future impacts of estuarine eutrophication on seagrass ecosystems.
    Materialart: Article , PeerReviewed
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    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
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    The biogeochemical impact of glacial meltwater from Southwest Greenland (2019)
    Elsevier
    In:  Progress in Oceanography, 176 . Art.Nr. 102126.
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    Publikationsdatum: 2022-01-31
    Beschreibung: Highlights • Novel multi-disciplinary approach to tracing freshwater and particle transport into boundary currents; • Significant glacial inputs reach coastal waters and are transported rapidly offshore; • Low surface water dissolved silicon concentrations maintained by diatom activity despite strong glacial and benthic supplies. Abstract Biogeochemical cycling in high-latitude regions has a disproportionate impact on global nutrient budgets. Here, we introduce a holistic, multi-disciplinary framework for elucidating the influence of glacial meltwaters, shelf currents, and biological production on biogeochemical cycling in high-latitude continental margins, with a focus on the silica cycle. Our findings highlight the impact of significant glacial discharge on nutrient supply to shelf and slope waters, as well as surface and benthic production in these regions, over a range of timescales from days to thousands of years. Whilst biological uptake in fjords and strong diatom activity in coastal waters maintains low dissolved silicon concentrations in surface waters, we find important but spatially heterogeneous additions of particulates into the system, which are transported rapidly away from the shore. We expect the glacially-derived particles – together with biogenic silica tests – to be cycled rapidly through shallow sediments, resulting in a strong benthic flux of dissolved silicon. Entrainment of this benthic silicon into boundary currents may supply an important source of this key nutrient into the Labrador Sea, and is also likely to recirculate back into the deep fjords inshore. This study illustrates how geochemical and oceanographic analyses can be used together to probe further into modern nutrient cycling in this region, as well as the palaeoclimatological approaches to investigating changes in glacial meltwater discharge through time, especially during periods of rapid climatic change in the Late Quaternary.
    Materialart: Article , PeerReviewed
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    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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