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  • Other Sources  (67)
  • 2015-2019  (56)
  • 1975-1979  (2)
  • 1970-1974  (9)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: Solar Physics; 31; July 197
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2011-08-16
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Solar Physics; 39; Dec. 197
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Satellite imagery for one project season of cloud seeding programs in the northern Great Plains has been surveyed for its probable usefulness in weather modification programs. The research projects and the meteorological information available are described. A few illustrative examples of satellite imagery analysis are cited and discussed, along with local observations of weather and the seeding decisions made in the research program. This analysis indicates a definite correlation between satellite-observed cloud patterns and the types of cloud seeding activity undertaken, and suggests a high probability of better and/or earlier decisions if the imagery is available in real time. Infrared imagery provides better estimates of cloud height which can be useful in assessing the possibility of a hail threat. The satellite imagery appears to be of more value to area-seeding projects than to single-cloud seeding experiments where the imagery is of little value except as an aid in local forecasting and analysis.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY
    Type: NASA-CR-128321 , R-72-9
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Observations of the proton, helium (C,N,O) and Fe-group nuclei fluxes made during the large 4 August 1972 solar particle event are presented. The results show a small, but significant variation of the composition of multicharged nuclei as a function of energy in the energy region above 10 MeV/nucleon. In particular, the He/(C,N,O) abundance ratio varies by a factor approximately 2 between 10 and 50 MeV/nucleon, and the Fe-group/(C,N,O) ratio suggests a similar variation. Abundance ratios from the 4 August 1972 event are compared as a function of energy with ratios measured in other solar events. At energies approximately greater than 50 MeV/nucleon, the He/(C,N,O) abundance ratio for August 1972 is consistent with all earlier measurements made above that energy.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: NASA-TM-X-70590 , X-662-74-32
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Measurements of the flux of helium nuclei in the 24 January 1971 event and of helium and (C,N,O) nuclei in the 1 September 1971 event are combined with previous measurements to obtain the relative abundances of helium, (C,N,O), and Fe-group nuclei in these events. These data are then summarized together with previously reported results to show that, even when the same detector system using a dE/dx plus range technique is used, differences in the He/(C,N,O) value in the same energy/nucleon interval are observed in solar cosmic ray events. Further, when the He/(C,N,O) value is lower the He/(Fe-group nuclei) value is also systematically lower in these large events. When solar particle acceleration theory is analyzed, it is seen that the results suggest that, for large events, Coulomb energy loss probably does not play a major role in determining solar particle composition at higher energies (10 MeV). The variations in multicharged nuclei composition are more likely due to partial ionization during the acceleration phase.
    Keywords: SPACE RADIATION
    Type: NASA-TM-X-66228 , X-662-73-98
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: The potential value of weather satellite data in field operations of weather modification is appraised. It was found that satellites could play a useful role in operational weather modification projects, particularly in the recognition of treatment opportunities. Satellite cloud photographs and infrared observations appear promising in the identification of treatment opportunities in seeding orographic cloud systems for increased snowpack, in seeding convective clouds for increased rainfall, in identifying hail threats, and in tracking and observing hurricanes as an aid to timing and location of seeding treatments. It was concluded that the potential value of satellite data in the treatment and evaluation phases of operational projects is not as great as in the recognition of treatment opportunity.
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY
    Type: NASA-CR-131876 , REPT-73-6
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The paper presents chemical and petrologic data relating the Allan Hills (ALHA) 77005 achondrite from Antarctica and explores their petrogenetic relationship with the shergottites. Petrologic similarities with the latter in terms of mineralogy, oxidation state, inferred source region composition, and shock ages suggest a genetic relationship, also indicated by volatile to involatile element ratios and abundances of other trace elements. ALHA 77005 may be a cumulate crystallized from a liquid parental to materials from which the shergottites crystallized or a sample of peridotite from which shergottite parent liquids were derived. Chemical similarities with terrestrial ultramafic rocks suggest that it provides an additional sample of the only other solar system body with basalt source origins chemically similar to the upper earth mantle.
    Keywords: GEOSCIENCES (GENERAL)
    Type: Earth and Planetary Science Letters; 45; 2; Nov. 197
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Meteorological observations required for computer models describing weather modification experiments
    Keywords: METEOROLOGY
    Type: NASA-CR-121617 , REPT-71-5
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2019-07-20
    Description: An increase in the efficiency of sampling from Boltzmann distributions would have a significant impact in deep learning and other machine learning applications. Recently, quantum annealers have been proposed as a potential candidate to speed up this task, but several limitations still bar these state-of-the-art technologies from being used effectively. One of the main limitations is that, while the device may indeed sample from a Boltzmann-like distribution, quantum dynamical arguments suggests it will do so with an instance-dependent effective temperature, different from the physical temperature of the device. Unless this unknown temperature can be unveiled, it might not be possible to effectively use a quantum annealer for Boltzmann sampling. In this talk, we present a strategy to overcome this challenge with a simple effective-temperature estimation algorithm. We provide a systematic study assessing the impact of the effective temperatures in the learning of a kind of restricted Boltzmann machine embedded on quantum hardware, which can serve as a building block for deep learning architectures. We also provide a comparison to k-step contrastive divergence (CD-k) with k up to 100. Although assuming a suitable fixed effective temperature also allows to outperform one step contrastive divergence (CD-1), only when using an instance-dependent effective temperature we find a performance close to that of CD-100 for the case studied here. We discuss generalizations of the algorithm to other more expressive generative models, beyond restricted Boltzmann machines.
    Keywords: Physics (General)
    Type: ARC-E-DAA-TN35141 , Workshop on Theory and Practice of Adiabatic Quantum Computers and Quantum Simulation; Aug 22, 2016 - Aug 26, 2016; Trieste; Italy
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2019-07-20
    Description: Spacecraft carrying optical communication lasers can be treated as artificial stars, whose relative astrometry to Gaia reference stars provides spacecraft positions in the plane-of-sky for optical navigation. To be comparable to current Deep Space Network delta-Differential One-way Ranging measurements, thus sufficient for navigation, nanoradian optical astrometry is required. Here we describe our error budget, techniques for achieving nanoradian level ground-base astrometry, and preliminary results from a 1 m telescope. We discuss also how these spacecraft may serve as artificial reference stars for adaptive optics, high precision astrometry to detect exoplanets, and tying reference frames defined by radio and optical measurements.
    Keywords: Lunar and Planetary Science and Exploration; Lasers and Masers
    Type: JPL-CL-16-3153 , SPIE Astronomical Telescopes + Instrumentation 2016; Jun 26, 2016 - Jul 01, 2016; Edinburgh, Scotland; United Kingdom
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