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  • Other Sources  (15)
  • 2015-2019  (4)
  • 1985-1989  (11)
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  • 1
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    Transient ionization and solar flare X-ray spectra (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: In this paper the effects of a transiently ionizing solar flare plasma on the X-ray spectrum of iron between 1.85 and 1.92 A are considered. The atomic physics of the nonequilibrium spectrum is discussed, and reasons for differences in appearance from ionization equilibrium spectra are explained. The effect of spectral resolution on the ability to detect transient ionization in the iron X-ray spectrum is illustrated by synthetic spectra. A synthetic transiently ionizing spectrum is applied to the interpretation of spectra obtained from the SOX 1 spectrometer on the Japanese Hinotori spacecraft. Some indications of transient ionization are found, although counting statistics negate a strong conclusion. A hypothetical spectrometer with about one order of magnitude more sensitivity than the SOX 1 Hinotori or the bent crystal spectrometer flown on the Solar Maximum Mission (SMM) is also considered. The ranges of plasma parameters such as plasma emission measure and density that are necessary for transient ionization to be detected by such an instrument are discussed.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X); 323; 799-809
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  • 2
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    Mars Geologic Mapping: a Review and New Concepts (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-09
    Description: The final version of the 1.15 m scale geologic map of the western equatorial region of Mars based on Viking pictures has been completed in open file format. Geologic maps of the north and south polar regions were completed in provisional form. A map of the eastern equatorial region is in compilation. Evidences of erosion, water flooding, volcanic activity, and primary and satellite craters in these areas are discussed.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA, Washington Repts. of Planetary Geol. and Geophys. Program, 1984; p 541-543
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  • 3
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    Martian sample sites: Examples based on a global geologic perspective (1988)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Ten areas were selected that each include several rock units of varying lithology and age. These areas were chosen to optimize the geologic and chronologic data return from Mars. Geologic mapping and stratigraphic studies identify stratigraphic ages, rock types, and information on Martian geologic history that samples of a given site may yield. Volcanic rocks occur over much of the planet and in virtually all stratigraphic positions, and they are amenable to radioisotopic dating. Therefore, a reasonable and essential goal for a sample return mission is to return datable rocks from widely varying strata. Generally, about three or four major geologic units can be sampled at any of the given sites, most of which can probably be dated. The Mars Observer mission will aid greatly in interpreting lithology and defining contacts at the high resolution required to actually pinpoint good sample acquisition sites within these areas.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Inst., Workshop on Mars Sample Return Science; p 154-155
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 4
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    Mars: Stratigraphy of Western Highlands and Polar Regions (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-10-09
    Description: Geologic mapping and stratigraphic studies of Mars based on Viking images improved knowledge of the relative age and occurrence of geologic units on a global scale. Densities of geologic units or features during the Noarchian, Hesperian, and Amazonian periods are indicated for the North and South polar regions as well as the equatorial region of Mars. Cumulative counts of crater size frequencies for craters larger than 2 km in diameter on plateau units mapped in the western region of Mars counts indicate that the plateau terrain as a whole was thinly resurfaced during the Hesperian Period, and a large proportion of pre-existing craters less than 10 to 15 km in diameter was buried. The formation of northern plains, subpolar highlands, and both polar regions is also described.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: NASA, Washington Repts. of Planetary Geol. and Geophys. Program, 1984; p 509-511
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  • 5
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    Ice-lubricated gravity spreading of the Olympus Mons aureole deposits (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: The huge aureole deposits and the perimeter scarp of Olympus Mons in the Tharsis region of Mars were first observed by Mariner 9. It is pointed out that no other Martian volcano approaches the size of Olympus. Hypotheses of aureole formation are discussed and evaluated. It is concluded that gravity-sliding and gravity-spreading models for the Olympus Mons aureoles can account qualitatively for the observations regarding surface morphology, structure, and size. The presence of the basal scarp can also be understood. However, the proposed models require detachment between the aureoles and the substrate. In the present investigation, the proposal is made that widespread detachment may have occurred within a basal layer containing approximately 10 percent by volume of interstitial or interbedded ice.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Icarus (ISSN 0019-1035); 62; 191-206
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  • 6
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    Effect of crystallographical and geometrical changes of a ferrite head on magnetic signals during the sliding process with magnetic tape (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: This paper reviews changes in the crystalline structure and geometry of lapped Mn-Zn ferrite heads in sliding contact with magnetic tape and the effects of these changes on magnetic signals. A highly textured, polycrystalline structure was produced on the surface of a single-crystal Mn-Zn ferrite head when it was finished with an aluminum oxide lapping tape. Sliding this lapped surface against a magnetic tape produced a nearly amorphous structure. The sliding process led to a degradation in readback signal of 1 to 2 dB (short-wavelength recording). Furthermore, wear of the magnetic head caused geometrical changes in the head surface. The signal read back with the worn magnetic head was sensitive to operating parameters such as head displacement and tape tension. A change in operating parameters created head-to-tape spacings and, consequently, excessive gains or losses in the readback signal.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: NASA-TM-87277 , E-2955 , NAS 1.15:87277 , Joint Tribology Conference; Oct 19, 1986 - Oct 22, 1986; Pittsburgh, PA; United States
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  • 7
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    Effects of wear on structure-sensitive magnetic properties of ceramic ferrite in contact with magnetic tape (1985)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Wear experiments and electron microscopy and diffraction studies were conducted to examine the wear and deformed layers in single-crystal Mn-Zn (ceramic) ferrite magnetic head material in contact with magnetic tape and the effects of that contact on magnetic properties. The crystalline state of the single-crystal magnetic head was changed drastically during the sliding process. A nearly amorphous structure was produced on its wear surface. Deformation in the surficial layer of the magnetic head was a critical factor in readback signal loss above 2.5 dB. The signal output level was reduced as applied normal load was increased. Considerable plastic flow occurred on the magnetic tape surface with sliding, and the signal loss due to the tape wear was approximately 1 dB.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: NASA-TM-87007 , E-2483 , NAS 1.15:87007 , Tribology Conf.,; Oct 08, 1985 - Oct 10, 1985; Atlanta, GA; United States
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  • 8
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    The great flare of 1982 June 6 (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: The great soft X-ray (SXR) flare (X12) of the past solar maximum was observed by Hinotori and by Big Bear Solar Observatory (BBSO) on June 6, 1982. Hinotori data consist of hard X-ray (HXR) and SXR images in the rise and decay of the flare, high-resolution soft X-ray spectra throughout the flare, and HXR and gamma-ray data. The BBSO data include films of H-alpha, H-alpha blue wing, D3 and longitudinal magnetic field, as well as video tapes of continuum. Images in HXR, SXR, H-alpha, D3 and the continuum are compared and SXR spectra analyzed. The flare resulted from extended motion of a large spot shearing the magnetic field. D3 and white-light images exhibit a progression from fast flashes to two ribbons, while both HXR and SXR are centered on the optical kernels. The continuum emission shows the same temporal behavior as the HXR at 160 keV. In its early phases, the Fe XXV line was double-peaked, and a decreasing blueshifted (up to 400 km/sec) component was observed, from which the evaporation rate of chromospheric material was estimated. It is suggested that this upflow is adequate to supply the coronal cloud. Flare energetics are discussed in detail, and it is concluded that a significant amount of energy was deposited in the corona, and that nonthermal electrons are the major energy input.
    Keywords: SOLAR PHYSICS
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 1 (ISSN 0004-637X); 299; 1036-104
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  • 9
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    Comparison of computational results of a few representative three-dimensional transonic potential flow analysis programs (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-28
    Description: The development of transonic aerodynamic computation methods and specific examples, as well as examples of three-dimensional transonic computation in design, are discussed. The case of the transonic transport and the case of the small transport are analyzed. Requirements for programs of the future are itemized.
    Keywords: AERODYNAMICS
    Type: NASA-TM-77963 , NAS 1.15:77963 , Jun 30, 1983 - Jul 01, 1983; Tokyo; Japan
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  • 10
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    Abrasion and deformed layer formation of manganese-zinc ferrite in sliding contact with lapping tapes (1986)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Wear experiments were conducted using replication electron microscopy and reflection electron diffraction to study abrasion and the deformed layers produced in single-crystal Mn-Zn ferrite simulated heads during contact with lapping tapes. The crystaline state of the head is changed drastically during the abrasion process. Crystalline states ranging from nearly amorphous to highly textured polycrystalline can be produced on the wear surface of a single-crystal Mn-Zn ferrite head. The total thickness of the deformed layer was approximately 0.8 microns. This thickness increased as the load and abrasive grit size increased. The anisotropic wear of the ferrite was found to be inversely proportional to the hardness of the wear surface. The wear was lower in the order 211 111 10 0110. The wear of the ferrite increased markedly with an increase in sliding velocity and abrasive grit size.
    Keywords: NONMETALLIC MATERIALS
    Type: NASA-TM-87249 , E-2891 , NAS 1.15:87249 , ASME/ASLE Tribology Conference; Oct 19, 1986 - Oct 22, 1986; Pittsburgh, PA; United States
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