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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (12)
  • Genetics Society of America (GSA)  (3)
  • 2015-2019  (15)
  • 1985-1989
  • 1
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    Comprehensive Transcriptome Analysis of Six Catfish Species from an Altitude Gradient Reveals Adaptive Evolution in Tibetan Fishes (2016)
    Genetics Society of America (GSA)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2016-01-07
    Beschreibung: Glyptosternoid fishes (Siluriformes), one of the three broad fish lineages (the two other are schizothoracines and Triplophysa ), have a limited distribution in the rivers in the Tibetan Plateau and peripheral regions. To investigate the genetic mechanisms underlying adaptation to the Tibetan Plateau in several fish species from gradient altitudes, a total of 20,659,183–37,166,756 sequence reads from six species of catfish were generated by Illumina sequencing, resulting in six assemblies. Analysis of the 1,656 orthologs among the six assembled catfish unigene sets provided consistent evidence for genome-wide accelerated evolution in the three glyptosternoid lineages living at high altitudes. A large number of genes refer to functional categories related to hypoxia and energy metabolism exhibited rapid evolution in the glyptosternoid lineages relative to yellowhead catfish living in plains areas. Genes showing signatures of rapid evolution and positive selection in the glyptosternoid lineages were also enriched in functions associated with energy metabolism and hypoxia. Our analyses provide novel insights into highland adaptation in fishes and can serve as a foundation for future studies aiming to identify candidate genes underlying the genetic basis of adaptation in Tibetan fishes.
    Digitale ISSN: 2160-1836
    Thema: Biologie
    Publiziert von Genetics Society of America (GSA)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 2
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    Isostructural metal-insulator transition in VO2 (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2018
    Beschreibung: 〈p〉The metal-insulator transition in correlated materials is usually coupled to a symmetry-lowering structural phase transition. This coupling not only complicates the understanding of the basic mechanism of this phenomenon but also limits the speed and endurance of prospective electronic devices. We demonstrate an isostructural, purely electronically driven metal-insulator transition in epitaxial heterostructures of an archetypal correlated material, vanadium dioxide. A combination of thin-film synthesis, structural and electrical characterizations, and theoretical modeling reveals that an interface interaction suppresses the electronic correlations without changing the crystal structure in this otherwise correlated insulator. This interaction stabilizes a nonequilibrium metallic phase and leads to an isostructural metal-insulator transition. This discovery will provide insights into phase transitions of correlated materials and may aid the design of device functionalities.〈/p〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 3
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    Room temperature polariton lasing in quantum heterostructure nanocavities (2019)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2019
    Beschreibung: 〈p〉Ultralow-threshold coherent light emitters can be achieved through lasing from exciton-polariton condensates, but this generally requires sophisticated device structures and cryogenic temperatures. Polaritonic nanolasers operating at room temperature lie on the crucial path of related research, not only for the exploration of polariton physics at the nanoscale but also for potential applications in quantum information systems, all-optical logic gates, and ultralow-threshold lasers. However, at present, progress toward room temperature polariton nanolasers has been limited by the thermal instability of excitons and the inherently low quality factors of nanocavities. Here, we demonstrate room temperature polaritonic nanolasers by designing wide-gap semiconductor heterostructure nanocavities to produce thermally stable excitons coupled with nanocavity photons. The resulting mixed states of exciton polaritons with Rabi frequencies of approximately 370 meV enable persistent polariton lasing up to room temperature, facilitating the realization of miniaturized and integrated polariton systems.〈/p〉
    Digitale ISSN: 2375-2548
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 4
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    Involvement of YAP-1, the Homolog of Yes-Associated Protein, in the Wnt-Mediated Neuronal Polarization in Caenorhabditis elegans (2018)
    Genetics Society of America (GSA)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-08-01
    Beschreibung: Guidance molecules, receptors, and downstream signaling pathways involved in the asymmetric neuronal cell migration and process outgrowth have been identified from genetic studies using model organisms, most of which are evolutionarily conserved. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans , the roles of Wnt ligands and their receptors in the polarization of specific sets of neurons along the anterior-posterior (A-P) body axis have been well elucidated, but their downstream effectors are relatively unknown. Here, we report yap-1 , encoding an evolutionarily conserved transcriptional co-activator, as a novel player in the Wnt-mediated asymmetric development of specific neurons in C. elegans . We found that the loss of yap-1 activity failed to restrict the dendritic extension of ALM neurons to the anterior orientation, which is similar to the phenotype caused by defective cwn-1 and cwn-2 Wnt gene activities. Cell-specific rescue experiments showed that yap-1 acts in the cell autonomous manner to polarize ALM dendrites. We also found that subcellular localization of YAP-1 was spatio-temporally regulated. The loss of yap-1 in Wnt-deficient mutants did not increase the severity of the ALM polarity defect of the mutants. Wnt-deficient animals displayed abnormal subcellular localization of YAP-1 in touch receptor neurons, suggesting that yap-1 may act downstream of the cwn-1 / cwn-2 Wnt ligands for the ALM polarization process. Together, we have identified a new role for YAP-1 in neuronal development and our works will contribute to further understanding of intracellular events in neuronal polarization during animal development.
    Digitale ISSN: 2160-1836
    Thema: Biologie
    Publiziert von Genetics Society of America (GSA)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 5
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    Isostructural metal-insulator transition in VO2 (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-11-30
    Beschreibung: The metal-insulator transition in correlated materials is usually coupled to a symmetry-lowering structural phase transition. This coupling not only complicates the understanding of the basic mechanism of this phenomenon but also limits the speed and endurance of prospective electronic devices. We demonstrate an isostructural, purely electronically driven metal-insulator transition in epitaxial heterostructures of an archetypal correlated material, vanadium dioxide. A combination of thin-film synthesis, structural and electrical characterizations, and theoretical modeling reveals that an interface interaction suppresses the electronic correlations without changing the crystal structure in this otherwise correlated insulator. This interaction stabilizes a nonequilibrium metallic phase and leads to an isostructural metal-insulator transition. This discovery will provide insights into phase transitions of correlated materials and may aid the design of device functionalities.
    Schlagwort(e): Materials Science, Physics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Geologie und Paläontologie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 6
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    Dynamic thermal emission control with InAs-based plasmonic metasurfaces (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-12-08
    Beschreibung: Thermal emission from objects tends to be spectrally broadband, unpolarized, and temporally invariant. These common notions are now challenged with the emergence of new nanophotonic structures and concepts that afford on-demand, active manipulation of the thermal emission process. This opens a myriad of new applications in chemistry, health care, thermal management, imaging, sensing, and spectroscopy. Here, we theoretically propose and experimentally demonstrate a new approach to actively tailor thermal emission with a reflective, plasmonic metasurface in which the active material and reflector element are epitaxially grown, high-carrier-mobility InAs layers. Electrical gating induces changes in the charge carrier density of the active InAs layer that are translated into large changes in the optical absorption and thermal emission from metasurface. We demonstrate polarization-dependent and electrically controlled emissivity changes of 3.6%P (6.5% in relative scale) in the mid-infrared spectral range.
    Digitale ISSN: 2375-2548
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 7
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    Experimental observation of high thermal conductivity in boron arsenide (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-08-10
    Beschreibung: Improving the thermal management of small-scale devices requires developing materials with high thermal conductivities. The semiconductor boron arsenide (BAs) is an attractive target because of ab initio calculation indicating that single crystals have an ultrahigh thermal conductivity. We synthesized BAs single crystals without detectable defects and measured a room-temperature thermal conductivity of 1300 watts per meter-kelvin. Our spectroscopy study, in conjunction with atomistic theory, reveals that the distinctive band structure of BAs allows for very long phonon mean free paths and strong high-order anharmonicity through the four-phonon process. The single-crystal BAs has better thermal conductivity than other metals and semiconductors. Our study establishes BAs as a benchmark material for thermal management applications and exemplifies the power of combining experiments and ab initio theory in new materials discovery.
    Schlagwort(e): Physics, Applied, Materials Science
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Digitale ISSN: 1095-9203
    Thema: Biologie , Chemie und Pharmazie , Geologie und Paläontologie , Informatik , Medizin , Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft , Physik
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 8
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    Dynamic thermal emission control with InAs-based plasmonic metasurfaces (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2018
    Beschreibung: 〈p〉Thermal emission from objects tends to be spectrally broadband, unpolarized, and temporally invariant. These common notions are now challenged with the emergence of new nanophotonic structures and concepts that afford on-demand, active manipulation of the thermal emission process. This opens a myriad of new applications in chemistry, health care, thermal management, imaging, sensing, and spectroscopy. Here, we theoretically propose and experimentally demonstrate a new approach to actively tailor thermal emission with a reflective, plasmonic metasurface in which the active material and reflector element are epitaxially grown, high-carrier-mobility InAs layers. Electrical gating induces changes in the charge carrier density of the active InAs layer that are translated into large changes in the optical absorption and thermal emission from metasurface. We demonstrate polarization-dependent and electrically controlled emissivity changes of 3.6%P (6.5% in relative scale) in the mid-infrared spectral range.〈/p〉
    Digitale ISSN: 2375-2548
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 9
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    Stretchable organic optoelectronic sensorimotor synapse (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2018
    Beschreibung: 〈p〉Emulation of human sensory and motor functions becomes a core technology in bioinspired electronics for next-generation electronic prosthetics and neurologically inspired robotics. An electronic synapse functionalized with an artificial sensory receptor and an artificial motor unit can be a fundamental element of bioinspired soft electronics. Here, we report an organic optoelectronic sensorimotor synapse that uses an organic optoelectronic synapse and a neuromuscular system based on a stretchable organic nanowire synaptic transistor (s-ONWST). The voltage pulses of a self-powered photodetector triggered by optical signals drive the s-ONWST, and resultant informative synaptic outputs are used not only for optical wireless communication of human-machine interfaces but also for light-interactive actuation of an artificial muscle actuator in the same way that a biological muscle fiber contracts. Our organic optoelectronic sensorimotor synapse suggests a promising strategy toward developing bioinspired soft electronics, neurologically inspired robotics, and electronic prostheses.〈/p〉
    Digitale ISSN: 2375-2548
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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  • 10
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    Stretchable organic optoelectronic sensorimotor synapse (2018)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publikationsdatum: 2018-11-24
    Beschreibung: Emulation of human sensory and motor functions becomes a core technology in bioinspired electronics for next-generation electronic prosthetics and neurologically inspired robotics. An electronic synapse functionalized with an artificial sensory receptor and an artificial motor unit can be a fundamental element of bioinspired soft electronics. Here, we report an organic optoelectronic sensorimotor synapse that uses an organic optoelectronic synapse and a neuromuscular system based on a stretchable organic nanowire synaptic transistor (s-ONWST). The voltage pulses of a self-powered photodetector triggered by optical signals drive the s-ONWST, and resultant informative synaptic outputs are used not only for optical wireless communication of human-machine interfaces but also for light-interactive actuation of an artificial muscle actuator in the same way that a biological muscle fiber contracts. Our organic optoelectronic sensorimotor synapse suggests a promising strategy toward developing bioinspired soft electronics, neurologically inspired robotics, and electronic prostheses.
    Digitale ISSN: 2375-2548
    Thema: Allgemeine Naturwissenschaft
    Publiziert von American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Standort Signatur Erwartet Verfügbarkeit
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