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  • Chemistry  (71)
  • Chemical Engineering  (8)
  • 2015-2019
  • 1990-1994  (47)
  • 1975-1979  (22)
  • 1950-1954  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydride and Carbonyl Fluctionality in [HM10C(CO)24]- (M = Ru, Os) (1992)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 125 (1992), S. 2019-2023 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Synthesis gas adsorption, model systems ; Hydrido ligand ; Clusters ; Ligand migration ; Ruthenium complexes ; Osmium complexes ; Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The nature of the crystallographically isostructural hydrido-cluster anions [HOs10C(CO)24]- (1) and [HRu10C(CO)24]- (2) in solution has been probed by variable-temperature 13C-NMR and two-dimensional {1H}13C-EXSY spectroscopy. The results of the study are interpreted in terms of both localised and global intramolecular exchange of the carbonyl and hydrido ligands which appear to occur by the same mechanisms in both clusters. The significance of the derived model for the understanding of the dynamic behaviour of more complicated systems such as [H4Os10(CO)24]2- (4) is discussed. The latter is at present the best molecular model for the structural aspects of synthesis gas adsorption at high density on metal surfaces.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19921250908
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The synthesis of monomers that expand on polymerization. Synthesis and polymerization of 8,10,19,20-tetraoxatrispiro[5.2.2.5.2.2]heneicosane (1976)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 177 (1976), S. 3231-3235 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Das Spiroorthocarbonat, 8,10,19,20-Tetraoxatrispiro[5.2.2.5.2.2]heneicosan (1), welches zwei Cyclohexylgruppen enthält, wurde dargestellt. Das Monomere wurde mittels eines kationischen Katalysators wie Bortrifluoridätherat oder Zinn(IV)-chlorid polymerisiert. Die Struktur des Polymeren wurde mit Hilfe der IR und NMR Spektren bestimmt; es sind Copolymere mit alternierenden Äther- und Carbonatverknüpfungen. Das Monomere 1 expandiert bei der Polymerisation.
    Notes: A spiro orthocarbonate containing two cyclohexyl groups, 8,10,19,20-tetraoxatrispiro[5.2.2.5.2.2]heneicosane (1), was prepared. The monomer was polymerized with Lewis acids such as boron trifluoride etherate or stannic chloride as catalysts. The IR and NMR spectra indicated that the polymer was an alternating copolymer with ether and carbonate linkages. This monomer underwent expansion on polymerization.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1976.021771111
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of monomers expanding on polymerization. Synthesis and polymerization of 3-methylene-1,5,7,11-tetraoxaspiro[5.5]undecane (1975)
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 176 (1975), S. 2897-2903 
    Details
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Ein Spiro-orthocarbonat, das eine Doppelbindung enthält [3-Methylen-1,5,7,11-tetraoxaspiro[5.5]undecan (2)], wurde aus 2-Methylen-1,3-propandiol dargestellt. Die Struktur von 2 wurde elementaranalytisch sowie IR und NMR-spektroskopisch bestätigt. Das Monomer 2 wurde mittels eines kationischen Katalysators, Bortrifluoridätherat oder Zinntetrachlorid, polymerisiert. Aus den IR und NMR Spektren des Polymers geht hervor, daß es sich um ein alternierendes Copolymer mit Äther- und Carbonat-Bindungen handelt, das außerdem eine doppelt gebundene Seitengruppe enthält (Struktur 8). Das Monomer 2 erfährt eine Ausdehnung während der Polymerisation.
    Notes: A spiro ortho carbonate containing a double bond, 3-methylene-1,5,7,11-tetraoxaspiro-[5.5]undecane (2) was prepared from 2-methylene-1,3-propanediol. The structure of the monomer was confirmed by its elemental analysis, IR and NMR spectra. The monomer was polymerized with Lewis acids such as boron trifluoride etherate and stannic chloride (tin tetrachloride) as catalysts. The IR and NMR spectra indicated that the polymer has the structure of an alternating copolymer containing ether and carbonate linkages with a pendant double bond (structure 8).Monomer 2 underwent expansion on polymerization.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/macp.1975.021761011
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis and double ring-opening polymerization of cyclic ketals of γ-methylenelactones (1991)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 29 (1991), S. 437-446 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Several cyclic ketals of γ-methylenelactones such as 7-methylene-1,4,6-trioxaspiro-[4,4] nonane (3a), 2-methyl-7-methylene-1,4,6-trioxaspiro [4.4] nonane (3b), and 2,7-dimethylene-1,4,6-trioxaspiro [4.4] nonance (3c) were prepared, and polymerized. The results indicated that the former two monomers polymerized with a quantitative double ringopening to form high polymers via a catonic mechanism, but the latter monomer under the same conditions generated a polymer with a network structure.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1991.080290317
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immobilization of enzymes on activated carbon: Selection and preparation of the carbon support (1979)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 21 (1979), S. 461-476 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Based upon its superior catalytic activity for H2O2 decomposition, a bituminous coal-based activated carbon was selected for investigations of pretreatment and enzyme immobilization methods. Pretreatments considered include acid washing, exposure to strong oxidizing agents, contact with concentrated peroxide solutions, nitration and amination, isothiocyanate derivatization, silanization, and stearic acid coating. Effects of these pretreatments on morphology and trace-metal content of the carbon pellets have been studied using scanning electron microscopy and dispersive analysis of x rays. Immobilization of glucoamylase by adsorption, glutaraldehyde crosslinking, and covalent attachment to carbon activated by water-soluble diimide or diazotization have been examined. These different enzyme-carbon catalysts have been characterized by their enzyme loading, enzyme activity, catalytic activity for H2O2 decomposition, or combinations of these measures of performance.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260210308
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzyme immobilization on activated carbon: Alleviation of enzyme deactivation by hydrogen peroxide (1977)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 19 (1977), S. 769-775 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260190514
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Applications of purification reactions for minimizing reaction-generated enzyme poisoniong (1978)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 20 (1978), S. 1249-1265 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A mathematical model has been employed to examine the interplay of reaction and mass transfer in immobilized enzyme systems involving reaction-generated enzyme poisons. Deactivation rates can be significantly reduced in some cases by catalyzing a purification reaction in which the poison is transformed into an innocuous substance. This conclusion is illustrated experimentally for reaction-generated H2O2 in a continuous-flow stirred slurry reactor containing glucose oxidase immobilized on activated carbon.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260200810
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mass transfer characterization of an airlift probe for oxygenating and mixing cell suspensions in an NMR spectrometer (1991)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 37 (1991), S. 205-209 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The oxygen transfer characteristics of a 20-mm O.D. airlift contactor fitted with an oxygen microelectrode were determined by steady-state sulfite oxidation measurements. The volumetric mass transfer coefficient kLa was proportional to sparging power input per unit volume raised to a power which varied from 0.41 in water (coalescing bubbles) to 0.76 in NaCl solutions (noncoalescing bubbles). The highest observed kLa value was 0.012 s-1 which is sufficient to aerate Escherichia coli in an NMR spectrometer at moderate to high cell densities, depending on the physiological state of the cells.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260370303
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors affecting bio-oxidation of sulfide minerals at high concentrations of solids: A review (1993)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 42 (1993), S. 1164-1174 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: bio-oxidation ; high solids concentration ; rate limitation ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Bio-oxidation has proved to be a viable process for the oxidative pretreatment of refractory gold-bearing sulfides. Generally, the oxidation rate is maximal at 20% solids for high sulfide content materials [ca. 30% sulfur]. Low grade ores [1% sulfur] have been successfully oxidized at 55% solids, indicating a link between the sulfide grade of the material and the optimal solids concentration for operation. Concentrations of high solids have been reported to lower oxidation rates, increase lag times, and decrease the ultimate extent of oxidation. This review discusses the various factors that have been proposed as causes of these phenomena. The factors include oxygen and carbon dioxide availability, low bacteria-solids ratio; mechanical damage or inhibition of the bacteria, inhibition of bacterial attachment, and the buildup of toxic leach products or other detrimental substances such as some flotation reagents. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260421006
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Overproduction of glycogen in Escherichia coli blocked in the acetate pathway improves cell growth (1994)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 44 (1994), S. 132-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: glycogen ; Escherichia coli ; cell growth ; acetate ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Excessive production of acetate is a problem frequently encountered in aerobic high-cell-density fermentations of Escherichia coli. Here, we have examined genetic alterations resulting in glycogen overproduction as a possible means to direct the flux of carbon away from the acetate pool. Glycogen overaccumulation was achieved either by using a regulatory glgQ mutation or by transforming cells with a plasmid containing the glycogen biosynthesis genes glgC (encoding ADPG pyrophosphorylase) and glgA (encoding glycogen synthase) under their native promoter. Both strategies resulted in an approximately five-fold increase in glycogen levels but had no significant effect on acetate excretion. The glgC and glgA genes were then placed under the control of the isopropyl---D-thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG) inducible tac promoter, and this construct was used to stimulate glycogen production in a mutant defective in acetate biosynthesis due to deletion of the ack (acetate kinase) and pta (phosphotransacetylase) genes. If glycogen overproduction in the ack pta strain was induced during the late log phase, biomass production increased by 15 to 20% relative to uninduced controls. Glycogen overaccumulation had a significant influence on carbon partitioning: The output of carbon dioxide peaked earlier than in the control strain, and the levels of an unusual fermentation byproduct, pyruvate, were reduced. Exogenous pyruvate was metabolized more rapidly, suggesting higher activity of gluconeogenesis or the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle as a result of glycogen overproduction. Potential mechanisms of the observed metabolic alterations are discussed. Our results suggest that ack pta mutants over producing glycogen may be a suitable starting point for constructing E. coli strains with improved characteristics in high-cell-density fermentations. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260440119
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