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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Functional analysis of the 3′-terminal part of the Balbiani ring 2.2 gene by interspecies sequence comparison (1990)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 31 (1990), S. 221-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Balbiani rings ; Nucleotide sequence ; 3′ ends ; Repeat units ; Evolutionary conservation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary An interspecies comparison was made between the 3′ ends of Balbiani ring genes fromChironomus. The comparison was focused on the BR2.2 gene, and a part at the 3′ end fromChironomus pallidivittatus (which included also a segment of the gene core) was cloned. Its sequence, and other previously published BR sequences from this species and fromChironomus tentans were used in the analysis. The 3′ parts of these repetitive genes can be divided into a region belonging to the core of the genes followed by a terminal region. In the core region the repeats (each of which consists of a constant part and a subrepeated part) are highly similar and the constant parts show little interspecies differentiation. Furthermore, the two parts of the repeats are units in an evolutionary and probably also functional sense. The terminal region contains modified constant units, usually isolated betwen acidic so-called cys regions, the whole arrangement lying upstream of an intron toward a 3′-terminal exon. Most of the modified constant units are mosaics in rates of evolution with stable outer quarters bordering to equally stable cys regions and a central half with a very high rate of evolution. One of the terminal units, present only in the BR2.2 gene and second from the end, differs distinctly not only from corresponding core units but also from other terminal units in the three normally active BR genes. It lies upstream of all cys regions and is evolutionarily conserved over most of its length. Furthermore, two-dimensional protein structure prediction does not exclude an endoproteolytic cleavage site in this unit. Such a site appears unlikely in other terminal or core regions. This is of interest in view of evidence for intracellular cleavage of the BR2.2 terminal region with liberation of a part containing a DNA-binding domain (Botella et al. 1988). All in all the fine anatomy of evolutionary changes at the BR gene termini shows interesting correlations with postulated functional relations and may have predictive value in the further functional analysis of this part of the gene.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02109499
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Subrepeats within the BR1β repeat unit inChironomus pallidivittatus can be classified into different types depending on codon usage (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of molecular evolution 27 (1988), S. 298-302 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1432
    Keywords: Balbiani rings ; cDNA clones ; Nucleotide sequence ; Repeat units ; Subrepeats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A new type of repeat unit was isolated from Balbiani ring 1 ofChironomus pallidivittatus and designated, BR1β repeat. It consists of a constant and a subrepeated part, like previously described units belonging to the core blocks of the BR genes. The subrepeated part contains 10-codon subrepeats with an arrangement similar to the subrepeats of the previously described BR2β gene. The present unit differs from earlier reported core units firstly in a much lower number of copies (about 15) per genome, which are tandemly arranged. Secondly, the number of subrepeats per BR1β repeat unit can show great variations. On the basis of the pattern of codon usage, three types of subrepeats can be distinguished. One type lies 5′-proximal in the subrepeat array and consists of variable numbers of subrepeats almost identical at the nucleotide level. The last complete subrepeat represents another type, with consistent differences in codon usage as compared to subrepeats of the proximal type. Finally, there is an intermediate type represented by the subrepeat preceding the distal one. Here, codon characteristics from proximal and distal subrepeats are mixed in a patchy and irregular way. The evolution of the arrays can be understood either as being the result of subrepeat formation in two steps (occurring before and after amplification of whole repeat units) or as the result of a continuous process in which there is evidence for participation of gene conversion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02101191
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification of the spI products of Balbiani ring genes in Chironomus thummi (1989)
    Springer
    Chromosoma 98 (1989), S. 428-432 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0886
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The spI fraction of high molecular weight secretory proteins was analysed in Chironomus thummi. These proteins are encoded by giant Balbiani ring (BR) genes which develop specifically in salivary gland cells. Each component of the spI fraction was studied electrophoretically from early and middle 4th instar larvae and prepupae, as well from galactose-treated larvae where changes in the relative puffing pattern of BR1 and BR2 are known to occur. The spI fraction consists of at least two bands with electrophoretic mobilities slower than those of the spI components of Camptochironomus. The slow migrating component remains throughout the 4th larval instar, while the amount of the faster component changes, being abundant in early 4th instar and prepupae, but not present (or very weak) in middle 4th instar. The correlated shifts in BR puffing pattern during these developmental stages suggest that the slow and fast components are encoded by BR2 and BR1. The spI fraction is modified by galactose treatment, the fast component being induced in parallel with a decrease in the slow component. These changes are correlated with changes in the steady-state levels of RNA: an increase in BR1 RNA and a decrease in BR2 RNA, and of proteins. These proteins could correspond to the spIb and spIa fractions allocated to BR2 and BR1, respectively, in Camptochironomus. After galactose treatment a new faster band sometimes appears, that could correspond to the spIc fraction of Camptochironomus. A possible spId equivalent was also identified. In conclusion the main features of the spI family in C. thummi are similar to those of spI in Camptochironomus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00292788
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification and characterization of three putative genes for 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase from etiolated mung bean hypocotyl segments (1992)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 18 (1992), S. 793-797 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) ; ACC synthase ; S-adenosylmethionine (AdoMet) ; ethylene ; polymerase chain reaction (PCR) ; Vigna radiata
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to produce 3 putative clones for ACC synthase from etiolated mung bean (Vigna radiata Rwilcz cv. Berken) hypocotyls. This was accomplished by utilizing genomic DNA from mung bean and degenerate primers made from information derived from highly conserved regions of ACC synthase from different plant tissues. The total length of pMAC-1, pMAC-2 and pMAC-3 are 308, 321, and 326 bp, respectively, all of which code for 68 amino acids. The introns for pMAC-1, pMAC-2 and pMAC-3 are 92, 105, and 110 bp, respectively. The degrees of homology at the DNA level for each of these clones is ca. 80% in their coding region and ca. 50% in their respective introns. This is the first report providing evidence that there are at least 3 genes for ACC synthase in etiolated mung bean.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00020022
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Differential expression of two calmodulin genes in response to physical and chemical stimuli (1994)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 24 (1994), S. 757-766 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: touch ; calcium ; indole-3-acetic acid ; salt stress ; light ; signal transduction ; Vigna radiata
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Two different calmodulin (CaM) cDNAs (MBCaM-1 and MBCaM-2) were isolated from a vigna radiata λgt 11 library by screening with a heterologous Arabidopsis cDNA probe (TCH-1). Both cDNAs are 85% homologous inside the coding region but are highly divergent outside this region. The polypeptides encoded by MBCaM-1 and MBCaM-2 are identical except for two conservative substitutions at positions 7 and 10. Southern analysis revealed that both cDNAs are encoded by different genes. Expression studies revealed different patterns of expression of both genes. MBCaM-1 mRNA exhibited a dramatic transient increase in response to touch, while MBCaM-2 expression showed a steady but small increase as compared to MBCaM-1. When plants were grown in complete darkness MBCaM-1 was undetectable and MBCaM-2 exhibited very low levels of expression. One hour after exposure of etiolated seedlings to light MBCaM-1 showed no change, while MBCaM-2 expression was increased. After a 6 h exposure to light there was an induction of both MBCaM-1 and MBCaM-2; however, the magnitude of this increase was much greater for MBCaM-2. When plants were grown under a 16 h light/8 h dark cycle the mRNA levels for MBCaM-1 were lower during the light period and increased during the beginning of the night cycle, while MBCaM-2 showed no change. Plants treated with indole-3-acetic acid had a peak in MBCaM-1 expression 6 h after treatment initiation with a slight decline 3 h after the peak, while MBCaM-2 showed a steady but small increase over time as compared to MBCaM-1. When plants were subjected to salt stress they showed an increase in MBCaM-1 expression 2 h after treatment initiation reaching a maximum after 4 h with no further increase after 6 h, while MBCaM-2 remained unchanged over the time course.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00029857
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Identification and characterization of a full-length cDNA encoding for an auxin-induced 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase from etiolated mung bean hypocotyl segments and expression of its mRNA in response to indole-3-acetic acid (1992)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 20 (1992), S. 425-436 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid (ACC) ; ACC synthase ; indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) ; ethylene ; Vigna radiata
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract 1-Aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate (ACC) synthase (EC 4.4.1.14) is the key regulatory enzyme in the ethylene biosynthetic pathway. The identification and characterization of a full-length cDNA (pAIM-1) 1941 bp in length for indole-3-acetic acid (IAA)-induced ACC synthase is described in this paper. The pAIM-1 clone has an 87 bp leader and a 402 bp trailing sequence. The open reading frame is 1452 bp long encoding for a 54.6 kDa polypeptide (484 amino acids) which has a calculated isoelectric point of 6.0. In vitro transcription and translation experiments support the calculated molecular weight and show that the enzyme does not undergo processing. Eleven of the twelve amino acid residues which are conserved in aminotransferases are found in pAIM-1. The sequence for pMAC-1 which is one of the 5 genes we have identified in mung bean is contained in pAIM-1. pAIM-1 shares between 52 to 65% homology with previously reported sequences for ACC synthase at the protein level. There is little detectable pAIM-1 message found in untreated mung bean tissues; however, expression is apparent within 30 min following the addition of 10 μM IAA reaching a peak after approximately 5 h with a slight decrease in message after 12 h. These changes in message correlate with changes in ACC levels found in these tissues following treatment with 10 μM IAA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00040602
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization and in situ localization of a salt-induced tomato peroxidase mRNA (1994)
    Springer
    Plant molecular biology 25 (1994), S. 105-114 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5028
    Keywords: peroxidase ; root expression ; salt stress ; tomato
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract NaCl treatment of tomato plants in hydroponic culture at concentrations as low as 50 mM resulted in enhanced accumulation of transcripts of TPX1, a full-length cDNA clone that we had isolated from a library of NaCl-treated tomato plants using a peroxidase-specific oligonucleotide probe. Although the overall amino acid sequence identity of TPX1 to other peroxidase genes was less than 45%, there was a very high degree of identity in all of the conserved domains. The deduced amino acid sequence included the presence of a N-terminal signal peptide but not the C-terminal extension present in peroxidases targeted to the vacuole. The mature protein has a theoretical pI value of 7.5. Transcripts that hybridized to TPX1 were detected only in the roots with higher levels of mRNA in epidermal and subepidermal cell layers. Isoelectric focusing of root extracts showed two major bands of peroxidase activity at pI 5.9 and 6.2. Both activities increased with salt treatment. Southern analysis indicated the presence of only a single TPX1 gene in tomato.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00024202
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Larva-to-adult and pupa-to-adult mortality dynamics in crowded cultures ofDrosophila melanogaster (1985)
    Springer
    Genetica 67 (1985), S. 201-207 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-6857
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Pupal mortality is shown here to bear the main responsibility for total mortality duringDrosophila melanogaster development in crowded conditions. The dynamics of the pupa-to-adult and larva-to-adult processes of mortality follows a S-shaped logistic model, like survival in density-dependent processes. Data given here confirm to some extent Wallace's suggestion that pupal mortality is a density-dependent process.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02424491
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Paracuaria hispanica n. sp. (Nematoda: Acuariidae), a stomach parasite of the pyrenean desman Galemys pyrenaicus Geoffr. (Insectivora: Talpidae), with a redefinition of the genus Paracuaria Rao, 1951 (1994)
    Springer
    Systematic parasitology 29 (1994), S. 105-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-5192
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Adult and fourth-stage larvae of Paracuaria hispanica n. sp., from the stomach of the Pyrenean desman Galemys pyrenaicus Geoffroy (Insectivora: Talpidae) in northern and central Spain, are described. The new species differs from the other members of the genus Paracuaria (P. adunca and P. soricis), among other morphological details, in its smaller body and spicule sizes, the presence of a cuticular ring around the tip of the female tail, and the existence of lateral alae running longitudinally along its body from the cervical region to the tail. In view of the latter feature, the genus Paracuaria is redefined. The fourth stage larva of the new species is distinguished from that of P. adunca by its monocuspid deirids. P. hispanica occurred in 45% of the 20 host specimens examined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00009806
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  • 10
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    Yields and production rates of cosmogenic 9Li and 8He measured with the Double Chooz near and far detectors (2018)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-11-01
    Print ISSN: 1126-6708
    Electronic ISSN: 1029-8479
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Springer
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