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  • 2015-2019  (24)
  • 1995-1999  (21)
  • 1960-1964  (6)
  • 1935-1939  (1)
  • 1925-1929  (4)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Changes in Chicken Muscle Proteins During Aseptic Storage at Above-Freezing Temperatures (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 29 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Analysis of chicken muscle proteins of 10-week-, 4-month-, and 8-month-old birds, stored under aseptic conditions at 0, 2, and 5°C, showed quantitative changes in the total extractable, myofibrillar, sarcoplasmic, and non-protein-nitrogen fractions during 7 weeks storage. Changes were small in the stroma-protein fraction, actomyosin fraction, and the myosin-adenosinetriphos-phatase activity of the actomyosin fraction. The myosin fraction increased during storage except in breast muscle of 10-week-old birds. The sarcoplasmic-protein fraction decreased in the leg muscle of 10-week-old birds and the breast muscle of 4- and 8-month-old birds, but not in the breast muscle of 10-week-old birds. The non-protein-nitrogen fraction and the amount of protein-breakdown products increased in both breast and leg meat, irrespective of bird age. Proteolysis increased with storage time and temperature. The significance of proteolytic changes in quality deterioration is discussed, and the results are compared with those previously obtained for storage at below-freezing temperatures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1964.tb01692.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Physicochemical Changes in Some Frozen Foods (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 29 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The pH of peas and of poultry meat frozen pre- and post-rigor was measured during frozen storage at −10°C for up to 6 months. In peas it decreased sharply from 6.7 to as low as 6.0 during the first 3 days of storage, increased to 7.0 during the next 2-3 weeks, decreased to 6.4 in another 3 weeks, and remained there with only small fluctuations during the rest of the storage time. Breast and leg meat of poultry resembled each other in pH changes after freezing: increases and decreases of about 0.2–0.3 unit occurred in all samples at about the same time. Meat frozen pre-rigor differed from meat frozen post-rigor, however, the latter increasing 0.2–0.3 pH unit during freezing, and the former changing little or decreasing slightly under these conditions. Differences in pH between samples at a given time were related to differences in initial pH.Studies with salt solutions as similar as possible in composition to the foods tested, and with gelatin solutions, showed that pH changes in frozen foods were caused mainly by increasing concentration of food components, including proteins, in the unfrozen phase, by precipitation of salts, by interaction of proteins with ionic substances, and by enzymatic activity (e.g. lactic acid formation) during frozen storage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1964.tb00408.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some Protein Changes During Post-Mortem Tenderization in Poultry Meat (1964)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 29 (1964), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: In both breast and leg muscle from 6-, 9-, and 12-month-old chickens, held for aging at 0°C, the buffer-extractable nitrogen rapidly decreased after death during the onset of rigor and gradually increased to a maximum value during post-rigor aging. Changes in extractable nitrogen occurred mainly as a result of changes in the solubility of myofibrillar proteins. Changes in sarcoplasmic and stroma protein fractions were small. In the nonprotein-nitrogen fraction, some of the amino-acid-containing polymers were removed during the onset of rigor mortis as a result of their interaction or aggregation with proteins. During the post-rigor tenderization period, amino acids and peptide increased in meat as a result of proteolysis. Different rates of post-mortem tenderization in breast and leg muscle appear to be related to the differences in stroma protein content of muscle. Proteolysis seems to weaken or break the bonds which bind myofibrils to the matrix of the muscle and causes protein changes that are responsible for post-rigor tenderization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1964.tb00416.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effects of Frozen Storage on Chicken Muscle Proteins (1963)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 28 (1963), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Quantitative examination of chicken muscle proteins showed that protein extractability in both breast and leg muscle decreased during frozen storage because of loss of solubility of actomyosin fraction. This decrease accompanied a decrease in the sulfhydryl-group content of muscles and loss in myosin-adenosinetriphosphatase activity. The stroma-protein fraction remained unaffected, and the sarcoplasmic-protein fraction decreased only after long storage. In the non-protein-nitrogen fraction, the amount of free amino acids and other protein-breakdown products increased as a result of proteolysis. The rate of these changes depended directly on storage temperature and time. It is suggested that chicken muscles in frozen storage undergo proteolysis and that the myofibrillar-protein fraction is denatured.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1963.tb00221.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Increasing awareness of and behaviour towards periconceptional folic acid consumption in The Netherlands from 1994 to 1995 (1998)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 54 (1998), S. 329-331 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Folic acid ; Neural tube defects ; Public health education ; Awareness ; Behaviour
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: In November 1993, Dutch health authorities advised that women planning a pregnancy should take folic acid in the periconceptional period to reduce the risk of fetal neural tube defects. In the autumn of 1995 a national campaign was organized to inform women and health care professionals in a systematic way. Methods: We assessed the awareness and behaviour of women at their first or second antenatal visit in two surveys in the spring of 1994 and the autumn of 1995, in order to evaluate the impact of non-systematic information during that period, and to collect baseline data to evaluate the effect of the national folic acid campaign. The two surveys were carried out in the north and the west of The Netherlands. Results: The proportion of women who had heard of folic acid increased from 28% to 78%. The proportion that used folic acid during any period in pregnancy increased from 7.8% to 26%. The proportion that took folic acid tablets during the whole of the recommended period increased from 0.8 to 4.4%. In the group of women who did not take folic acid, the proportion who did “not like to use anything during pregnancy” decreased, as did the proportion who did “not think it is useful”. Conclusion: In The Netherlands, non-systematic information about periconceptional folic acid use has already led to significant changes in awareness and behaviour before the start of the national folic acid campaign.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050468
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Auditing GPs’ prescribing habits: cardiovascular prescribing frequently continues medication initiated by specialists (1996)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 50 (1996), S. 349-352 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Drug utilization ; Prescribing behaviour; repeat prescribing ; general practitioners
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To determine to what extent general practitioners’ (GPs) prescribing behaviour is a result of repeat prescribing of medication which has been initiated by specialists. Method: During a 4-week period, pharmacists identified GPs’ prescriptions for a large group of cardiovascular drugs. Next, questionnaires were sent to the prescribing GPs to find out whether the prescriptions were in fact repeat prescriptions. If they were, the GPs were asked whether or not they had originally been prescribed by a specialist. Setting: Six pharmacies in the northeastern part of the Netherlands. Subjects: Fourty-four GPs, 39 of whom responded. Results: Of 1648 questionnaires, 1342 (81%) were returned. Of drugs for cardiovascular therapy that the GPs prescribed, 66% had originally been prescribed by specialists. Conclusions: For many cardiovascular drugs, GPs’ prescriptions predominantly originated from specialists’ prescribing. For more reliable attribution of prescription data or prescribing behaviour to either specialists or to GPs, similar studies should be made for other drug groups. Since the extent of repeat prescribing is high, qualitative studies should be made of the appropriateness of chronic medication, initiated by specialists and continued in repeat prescribing by GPs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050121
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Drug use in first pregnancy and lactation: a population-based survey among Danish women (1999)
    Springer
    European journal of clinical pharmacology 55 (1999), S. 139-144 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1041
    Keywords: Key words Pregnancy ; Post-partum ; Population-based utilization study
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective: To examine the drug prescription pattern in Danish women from 12 weeks prior to conception until 12 weeks post-partum. Method: A drug utilization study based on The North Jutland Prescription Database. The Danish pharmacies use a computerized accounting system for all subsidized drugs and this was linked to the Danish Medical Birth Registry concerning prescription patterns for all women who had given birth in the county of North Jutland from 1991 to 1996. Results: The analysis included 16 001 primiparous women, who had redeemed 34 834 prescriptions prior to, during and after pregnancy. During pregnancy 44.2% of the women received prescriptions for at least one drug. Users received 2.6 prescriptions on average during pregnancy; 5% of the users redeemed 24.2% of all prescriptions. The proportion of women who redeemed prescriptions for more than three different drugs was 2.7%. The majority of prescriptions were for antibiotics (28.7%), gynaecological drugs (13.3%) and anti-asthma drugs (7.6%). The post-partum prescription proportion was 34.0% and the majority of the prescriptions during this period were for penicillins (20.1%), opthalmologicals (15.5%) and corticosteroids for dermatological use (5.7%). Conclusion: A high proportion of the women received drugs during pregnancy. The pattern of drug use within the Anatomical Therapeutical Chemical (ATC) groups changed, i.e. the amount of broad spectrum antibiotics decreased and the proportion of prescriptions for local use increased. A small proportion of women redeemed prescriptions for more than three different drugs during pregnancy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002280050608
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of pharmacists in the recruitment of a cohort for postmarketing surveillance (1995)
    Springer
    Pharmacy world & science 17 (1995), S. 126-132 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-739X
    Keywords: Acitretin ; Data collection ; Dermatologists ; Drug utilization ; Epidemiological methods ; Pharmacists ; Product surveillance, postmarketing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract In October 1990, a recall procedure was issued regarding the drug acitretin. The recommended post-therapy contraception period after acitretin therapy was extended from 2 months to 2 years. For a postmarketing surveillance study, we recruited a cohort from the source population of women aged 15–45 years who were exposed to acitretin. Recruitment occurred through dermatologists, and pharmacists plus dispensing general practitioners. We describe the speed of and the response to the recruitment procedures, and the representativeness of the recruited cohort. We also studied whether the individuals who gave informed consent would have preferred to be recruited by either dermatologists or pharmacists, and whether the information obtained from pharmacists and dispensing general practitioners was valid. This study revealed that pharmacists and dispensing general practitioners (drug dispensers) recruited their subjects rapidly, with no or little selection; they attained a 42% response. Dermatologists recruited their subjects slowly and selectively; they attained a 24% response. The majority of women (60%) recruited by dermatologists would have given their informed consent if they would have been recruited by their pharmacists. Drug dispensers are essential contributors to the recruitment of a study population. We do advise that such recruitment for a postmarketing surveillance study occurs by means of a collaboration between pharmacists and physicians.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01872389
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Zur Frage über das Lithiumchlorat (1926)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 155 (1926), S. 311-316 
    Details
    ISSN: 0863-1786
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19261550133
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über Neue Hydrate des Lithiumchlorats (1927)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Zeitschrift für anorganische Chemie 166 (1927), S. 231-236 
    Details
    ISSN: 0863-1786
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/zaac.19271660120
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