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  • Life and Medical Sciences  (962)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: tumor metastasis ; gene expression ; oncogenes ; virus antigens ; glycoproteins ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: A metastatic variant cell subline of the Abelson virus-transformed murine large lymphoma/lymphosarcoma RAW 117 has been selected in vivo ten times for liver colonization. Highly metastatic subline RAW117-H10 forms greater than 200 times as many gross surface liver tumor nodules as the parental line RAW117-P. Analysis of cellular proteins and glycoproteins indicates reduced expression of murine Moloney leukemia virus-associated p15, p30, and gp70, and increased expression of a sialoglycoprotein, gp150, in the highly metastatic H10 cells. Northern analyses of oncogene expression suggested that mRNA of various oncogenes was expressed equally or not expressed in the RAW117 cells of differing metastatic potential. Differential gene expression was examined using a cDNA library of 17,600 clones established from poly A+ mRNA isolated from H10 cells. The cDNA library was screened by the colony hybridization technique using probes made from both RAW117-P and -H10 cells. Approximately 99.5% of these cDNA clones were expressed identically in P and H10 cells. Of the few differentially expressed cDNA clones (approx. 150/17,600), one-half of these were identified as Moloney leukemia virus sequences in a separate probing with a radiolabeled Moloney leukemia virus probe. The remainder of the differentially expressed mRNA detected by colony hybridization of the cDNA library were expressed at higher levels (approx. 1/6) or lower levels (approx. 1/3) in the highly metastatic H10 cells.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: osteocalcin ; transcriptional regulation ; homeodomain protein ; Msx ; bone-specific ; OC box ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: Bone-specific expression of the osteocalcin gene is transcriptionally controlled. Deletion analysis of osteocalcin promoter sequences by transient transfection of osseous (ROS 17/2.8) and nonosseous (R2 fibroblast) cells revealed that the most proximal 108 nucleotides are sufficient to confer tissue-specific expression. By gel mobility shift assays with wild-type and mutated oligonucleotides and nuclear extracts from several different cell lines we identified a novel transcription factor complex which exhibits sequence-specific interactions with the primary transcriptional element, the OC box (nt -99 to -76). This OC box binding protein (OCBP) is present only in osteoblast-like cells. Methylation interference demonstrated association of the factor with OC box sequences overlapping the Msx homeodomain consensus binding site. By assaying several mutations of the OC box, both in gel shift and transient transfection studies using ROS 17/2.8, we show the following. First, binding of OCBP correlates with osteocalcin promoter activity in ROS 17/2.8 cells. Increased binding leads to a 2-3-fold increase in transcription, while decreased binding results in transcription 30-40% of control. Second, homeodomain protein binding suppresses transcription. However, Msx expression is critical for full development of the bone phenotype as determined by antisense studies. Last, we show that one of the mutations of the OC box permits expression of osteocalcin in non-osseous cell lines. In summary, we demonstrate association of at least two classes of tissue-restricted transcription factors with the OC box element, the OCBP and Msx proteins, supporting the concept that these sequences contribute to defining tissue specificity. © 1996 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0730-2312
    Keywords: epitope mapping ; monoclonal antibodies ; linear epitope ; immuno-dominant ; immuno-recessive ; ELISA ; competitive ELISA ; recombinant GST-PSP94 ; N-terminal and C-terminal peptides ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine
    Notes: PSP94 has shown potential to be a serum biomarker for evaluating prostate cancer. Studies of the epitope structure is crucial for this endeavour. In this article, we have used 15 different monoclonal antibodies (MAb) to analyse the epitope structure of PSP94 and to compare with the results obtained from our previous work using polyclonal antibody and recombinant PSP94. Firstly, we determined the relative activities of the 15 MAb population by direct and competitive ELISA. The two predominant MAbs (MAb PSP-6 and -19) in 15 MAbs were selected for further studies of the epitope structure. By comparing the binding activities of recombinant GST-PSP94 and natural PSP94 with MAbs, and by comparing their affinity with MAbs in an in vitro denaturing experiment, PSP94 was shown to have a similar, prevalently linear epitope structure as we demonstrated by polyclonal antibody. Using recombinant GST fusion protein with PSP94 and with each half of the N- and C-terminal 47 amino acids (GST-PSP-N47/C47) in E. coli cells, the different epitopes recognized by 15 monoclonal antibodies were delineated and the polar distribution of the epitope structure of PSP94 was characterized. Results of direct ELISA of recombinant N47 and C47 and their competitive binding against natural PSP94 (competitive ELISA) showed that the N- and C-termini represent the immuno-dominant and immuno-recessive area separately. A majority of the monoclonal antibodies (12/15) showed preferential binding of the N-terminal sequence of the PSP94 protein. Using GST-PSP-N47 as a standard protein, an epitope map of the 15 monoclonal antibodies was obtained. The results of this study will help to define the clinical utility of PSP94. J. Cell. Biochem. 65:186-197. © 1997 Wiley-Liss, Inc.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: heparin ; fertilization ; dextran sulfate ; fucose sulfate glycoconjugate ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: The effects of sulfated glycoconjugates on the preparation of mammalian sperm for fertilization were investigated. The three sulfated glycoconjugates tested were heparin, dextran sulfate, and the fucose sulfate glycoconjugate (FSG) from the sea urchin egg jelly coat. In vivo, FSG induces the acrosome reaction in sea urchin sperm. Bovine sperm were found to be capacitated by heparin and FSG as judged both by ability of lysophosphatidylcholine (LC) to induce an acrosome reaction and by ability to fertilize bovine oocytes in vitro. The mechanism by which heparin or FSG capacitated bovine sperm appeared similar, since glucose inhibited capacitation by both glycoconjugates. In contrast to effects on bovine sperm, heparin and FSG induced the acrosome reaction in capacitated hamster sperm. When hamster sperm were incubated under noncapacitating conditions, heparin had no effect on capacitation or the acrosome reaction. Three molecular weights (MW) of dextran sulfate (5,000, 8,000, 500,000) were found to capacitate bovine sperm as judged by the ability of LC to induce an acrosome reaction. Whereas bovine sperm incubated with 5,000 or 8,000 M W dextran sulfate fertilized more bovine oocytes than control sperm (P 〈0.05), sperm treated with 500,000 M W dextran sulfate failed to penetrate oocytes. The high-MW dextran sulfate appeared to interact with the zona pellucida and/or sperm to prevent sperm binding. Results suggest that sulfated glycoconjugates may prepare sperm for fertilization across a wide range of species.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 0749-503X
    Keywords: Single-cell proteins ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae ; fragile mutants ; srb1 ; lysis ; polyploids ; protein extracts ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Genetics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: A series of prototrophic fragile strains of different ploidy (2n, 3n and 4n) has been genetically constructed on the basis ofhalopoid srb1 containing segregants of the fragile Saccharomyces cerevisiae mutant VY 1160. The strains have been characterized by several criteria. In regard to generation time, biomass yield, and nucleic acids content of the cells, the tetraploid srb1 homozygous hybrid is indistinguishable from an industrial strain of S. cerevisiae. However, it is characterized by a higher protein content. Unlikely any other laboratory or industrial strains, the original mutant and these hybrids possess an ability for lysis upon suspension in hypotonic solutions. The dependence of the percentge of lysed cells on the growth phase and concentration of osmotic stabilizer in the medium has been investigated. The quantity of proteins in the soluble fractions obtained after lysis of these strains by osmotic shock has been determined. These hybrids can be considered as a potential industrial source of potentials for nutritional purposes.
    Additional Material: 7 Tab.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 31 (1987), S. 99-112 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Low-lying excitation energies from the ground state of Be were calculated using a basis set of 61 Cartesian Gaussian functions. Three approximations were employed: the time-dependent Hartree-Fock (TDHF), second-order equations-of-motion (EOM), and multiconfigurational time-dependent Hartree-Fock (MCTDHF). The TDHF excitation energies are 0.5-1.1 eV lower than experiment, and the EOM values are 0.3-1.2 eV lower than experiment, whereas the MCTDHF excitation energies deviate on the absolute average from experiment by only 0.03 eV. We found that in an MCTDHF calculation, any proper MCSCF stationary point is a good reference (i.e., initial) state, not just the ground state. Experimental values for oscillator strength are accurately known only for the 2s2X1S → 2s2p1P0 transition. The TDHF value and the MCTDHF value agree with experiment, but the EOM value does not. The agreement of the TDHF value with experiment seems to be coincidental, because for higher lying transitions the TDHF values differ by approximately a factor of two or more from the more accurate MCTDHF. Frequency independent polarizabilities, α(0), were also calculated with the TDHF, HRPA, and MCTDHF and frequency dependent polarizabilities, β(ω), were calculated with the MCTDHF. No experimental data for Be polarizabilities exist, but we expect the MCTDHF values to be among the most accurate calculations available.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 347-351 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Ground state one-electron energies have been calculated for the substitutional and interstitial helium, neon, and argon impurities in silicon by use of the self-consistent-field multiple-scattering Xα method within the framework of the Watson-sphere-terminated molecular cluster model. The substitutional noble gas atoms are found to inhibit the rebonding of the first neighbor's dangling bonds through orthogonality repulsion. The interstitial nobel gas atoms induce empty shallow levels close to the bottom of the conduction band. We tentatively relate these levels to the emission bands observed for silicon crystals implanted with helium, neon, and argon.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: This is the third paper on the cellular method for polyatomic systems. We show how to deal with nonspherical Coulomb potentials. We also show how to modify the variational expression for the energy eigenvalues so as to obtain a faster convergence in the angular momentum series for the wavefunctions. We apply both techniques to the self-consistent calculation of SF6. Contrary to what we obtained in CH4 and SiH4, the cellular method cannot yield the correct equilibrium interatomic distance in the present case. The calculated ionization potentials are in the correct order but are all shifted by 2-3 eV. This shift is attributed to the wrong expression for exchange correlation.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 27 (1985), S. 393-406 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The local behavior of several approximate kinetic energy functionals is analyzed, for the case of free atoms and ions, by comparison with the local kinetic energy of Hartree-Fock theory. The atomic electron densities used are, in all cases, Hartree-Fock electron densities. The kinetic energy functional obtained by the gradient expansion method (with a small number of terms) is, locally, not very accurate, but its integrated value is fortuitously accurate, due to a strong cancellation of errors. Functionals which have the Weizsäcker term tw = (Δ ρ)2/8ρ as a key ingredient are more accurate locally. The explicit incorporation of the shell structure and nonlocal density effects into the kinetic energy functional leads to the best results. The motivation for this work is that only a kinetic energy functional with an accurate local behavior will give good electron densities on solution of the Euler equation derived from it.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    International Journal of Quantum Chemistry 30 (1986), S. 635-645 
    ISSN: 0020-7608
    Keywords: Computational Chemistry and Molecular Modeling ; Atomic, Molecular and Optical Physics
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Pulsed laser optogalvanic spectra of a 32 MHz radiofrequency discharge (RFLOG) in flowing, low pressure (˜1 Torr) nitrogen are reported. The region of excitation was 16300-17300 cm-1. The observed features correspond mainly to B3Πg ← A3Σu+ transitions (Δv = 4). These are well known in emission and constitute the First Positive System that is of high intensity in almost all discharges in pure N2. A comparison of the emission, absorption, and RFLOG spectra provides an interpretation of missing and/or additional, unassigned lines that occur in the various spectra. The results indicate that RFLOG spectroscopy, as presented here, is a powerful alternative to the absorption spectroscopy of low pressure gases.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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