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  • Articles  (71)
  • 2015-2019  (49)
  • 2000-2004  (22)
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  • 1
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    Work function contrast and energy band modulation between amorphous and crystalline Ge2Sb2Te5 films (2015)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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    Publication Date: 2015-08-25
    Description: The work function (WF) is of crucial importance to dominate the carrier transport properties of the Ge-Sb-Te based interfaces. In this letter, the electrostatic force microscopy is proposed to extract the WF of Ge 2 Sb 2 Te 5 (GST) films with high spatial and energy resolution. The measured WF of as-deposited amorphous GST is 5.34 eV and decreases drastically after the amorphous GST is crystallized by annealing or laser illumination. A 512 × 512 array 2D-WF map is designed to study the WF spatial distribution and shows a good consistency. The WF contrast between a-GST and c-GST is ascribed to band modulation, especially the modification of electron affinity including the contribution of charges or dipoles. Then, the band alignments of GST/ n -Si heterostructures are obtained based on the Anderson's rule. Due to the band modulation, the I-V characteristics of a-GST/Si heterojunction and c-GST/Si heterojunction are very different from each other. The quantitative relationship is calculated by solving the Poisson's equation, which agrees well with the I-V measurements. Our findings not only suggest a way to further understand the electrical transport properties of Ge-Sb-Te based interfaces but also provide a non-touch method to distinguish crystalline area from amorphous matrix with high spatial resolution.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 2
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    p-parts of character degrees (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-09-20
    Description: We show that if $p$ is an odd prime and $G$ is a finite group satisfying the condition that $p^2$ divides the degree of no irreducible character of $G$ , then $|G:\mathbf {O}_p (G)|_p \le p^4,$ where $\mathbf {O}_p (G)$ is the largest normal $p$ -subgroup of $G$ , and if $P$ is a Sylow $p$ -subgroup of $G$ , then $P''$ is subnormal in $G$ . Our investigations suggest that if $p^a$ is the largest power of $p$ dividing the degrees of irreducible characters of $G$ , then $|G:\mathbf {O}_p(G)|_p$ is bounded by $p^{f(a)},$ where $f (a)$ is a function in $a$ and $P^{(a+1)}$ is subnormal in $G$ .
    Print ISSN: 0024-6107
    Electronic ISSN: 1469-7750
    Topics: Mathematics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 3
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    Measurement of the internal magnetic fluctuation by the transport of runaways on J-TEXT (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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    Publication Date: 2016-07-30
    Description: The measurement of internal magnetic fluctuation is important for the study of transport in tokamak plasmas. The runaway electron transport induced by the sawtooth crash can be used to obtain the internal magnetic fluctuation. Inversed sawtooth-like activities on hard x-ray (HXR) fluxes following sawtooth activities were observed after the application of electrode biasing on J-TEXT tokamak. The runaway diffusion coefficient D r is deduced to be about 30 m 2 /s according to the time delay of HXR flux peaks to the sawtooth crashes. The averaged value of normalized magnetic fluctuation in the discharges with electrode biasing was increased to the order of 1 × 10 −4 .
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 4
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    Detecting changes at the leading edge of an interface between oceanic water layers (2019)
    Springer Nature
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    Publication Date: 2019
    Electronic ISSN: 2041-1723
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Springer Nature
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  • 5
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    Observation of runaway electrons by infrared camera in J-TEXT (2016)
    American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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    Publication Date: 2016-08-10
    Description: When the energy of confined runaway electrons approaches several tens of MeV, the runaway electrons can emit synchrotron radiation in the range of infrared wavelength. An infrared camera working in the wavelength of 3-5 μm has been developed to study the runaway electrons in the Joint Texas Experimental Tokamak (J-TEXT). The camera is located in the equatorial plane looking tangentially into the direction of electron approach. The runaway electron beam inside the plasma has been observed at the flattop phase. With a fast acquisition of the camera, the behavior of runaway electron beam has been observed directly during the runaway current plateau following the massive gas injection triggered disruptions.
    Print ISSN: 0034-6748
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7623
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology , Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics (AIP)
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  • 6
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    RNAe: an effective method for targeted protein translation enhancement by artificial non-coding RNA with SINEB2 repeat (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-05-20
    Description: In this study, a universal protein expression enhancement RNA tool, termed RNAe, was developed by modifying a recently discovered natural long non-coding RNA. At the moment, RNAe is the only technology for gene expression enhancement, as opposed to silencing, at the post-transcriptional level. With this technology, an expression enhancement of 50–1000% is achievable, with more than 200% enhancement achieved in most cases. This work identified the sufficient and necessary element for RNAe function, which was found to be merely 300 nucleotides long and was named minRNAe. It contains a 72-nt 5' pairing sequence which determines the specificity, a 167-nt short non-pairing interspersed nuclear element (SINE) B2 sequence which enhances ribosome recruitment to the target mRNA, and a poly(A) tail, provided together on a plasmid bearing the appropriate sequences. Cellular delivery of RNAe was achieved using routine transfection. The RNAe platform was validated in several widely-used mammalian cell lines. It was proven to be efficient and flexible in specifically enhancing the expression of various endogenous and exogenous proteins of diverse functions in a dose-dependent manner. Compared to the expression-inhibitory tool RNAi, the RNAe tool has a comparable effect size, with an enhancing as opposed to inhibitory effect. One may predict that this brand new technology for enhancing the production of proteins will find wide applications in both research and biopharmaceutical production.
    Keywords: Recombinant DNA expression, Ribosomes and Protein Translation
    Print ISSN: 0305-1048
    Electronic ISSN: 1362-4962
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 7
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    Genetic variants in lncRNA HOTAIR are associated with risk of colorectal cancer (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-02-17
    Description: Long non-coding RNA HOX transcript antisenseRNA ( HOTAIR ) has been widely identified to participate in tumour pathogenesis, acting as a promoter in colorectal cancer carcinogenesis. However, the association between genetic variants in HOTAIR and cancer risk has not yet been reported. In the present study, we performed a two-stage case–control study to investigate the association between HOTAIR tagSNPs and the risk of colorectal cancer. We found that individuals with rs7958904 CC genotype had a significantly decreased risk of colorectal cancer in both Stage 1 and 2, compared with those carrying GG genotype [odds ratio (OR) = 0.70, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.51–0.97 in Stage 1; OR = 0.58, 95% CI = 0.37–0.91 in Stage 2; OR = 0.67, 95% CI = 0.51–0.87 in combined stage]. The subsequently stratified analyses showed that the protective effect of rs7958904 was more pronounced in several subgroups. In summary, our study showed that genetic variants in HOTAIR were associated with risk of colorectal cancer and rs7958904 may act as a potential biomarker for predicting the risk of colorectal cancer.
    Print ISSN: 0267-8357
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3804
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 8
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    A combined experimental and computational strategy to define protein interaction networks for peptide recognition modules (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-12-18
    Description: Peptide recognition modules mediate many protein-protein interactions critical for the assembly of macromolecular complexes. Complete genome sequences have revealed thousands of these domains, requiring improved methods for identifying their physiologically relevant binding partners. We have developed a strategy combining computational prediction of interactions from phage-display ligand consensus sequences with large-scale two-hybrid physical interaction tests. Application to yeast SH3 domains generated a phage-display network containing 394 interactions among 206 proteins and a two-hybrid network containing 233 interactions among 145 proteins. Graph theoretic analysis identified 59 highly likely interactions common to both networks. Las17 (Bee1), a member of the Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome protein (WASP) family of actin-assembly proteins, showed multiple SH3 interactions, many of which were confirmed in vivo by coimmunoprecipitation.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tong, Amy Hin Yan -- Drees, Becky -- Nardelli, Giuliano -- Bader, Gary D -- Brannetti, Barbara -- Castagnoli, Luisa -- Evangelista, Marie -- Ferracuti, Silvia -- Nelson, Bryce -- Paoluzi, Serena -- Quondam, Michele -- Zucconi, Adriana -- Hogue, Christopher W V -- Fields, Stanley -- Boone, Charles -- Cesareni, Gianni -- P41 RR11823/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2002 Jan 11;295(5553):321-4. Epub 2001 Dec 13.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Banting and Best Department of Medical Research and Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5G 1L6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11743162" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Algorithms ; Amino Acid Motifs ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Binding Sites ; *Computational Biology ; Consensus Sequence ; *Cytoskeletal Proteins ; Databases, Genetic ; Databases, Protein ; Fungal Proteins/chemistry/metabolism ; Ligands ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Peptide Library ; Peptides/chemistry/metabolism ; Protein Binding ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Proteins/*chemistry/*metabolism ; *Proteome ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/chemistry/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/*chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; Software ; Two-Hybrid System Techniques ; Wiskott-Aldrich Syndrome Protein ; src Homology Domains
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Systematic genetic analysis with ordered arrays of yeast deletion mutants (2001)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-12-18
    Description: In Saccharomyces cerevisiae, more than 80% of the approximately 6200 predicted genes are nonessential, implying that the genome is buffered from the phenotypic consequences of genetic perturbation. To evaluate function, we developed a method for systematic construction of double mutants, termed synthetic genetic array (SGA) analysis, in which a query mutation is crossed to an array of approximately 4700 deletion mutants. Inviable double-mutant meiotic progeny identify functional relationships between genes. SGA analysis of genes with roles in cytoskeletal organization (BNI1, ARP2, ARC40, BIM1), DNA synthesis and repair (SGS1, RAD27), or uncharacterized functions (BBC1, NBP2) generated a network of 291 interactions among 204 genes. Systematic application of this approach should produce a global map of gene function.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tong, A H -- Evangelista, M -- Parsons, A B -- Xu, H -- Bader, G D -- Page, N -- Robinson, M -- Raghibizadeh, S -- Hogue, C W -- Bussey, H -- Andrews, B -- Tyers, M -- Boone, C -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2001 Dec 14;294(5550):2364-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto ON, Canada M5G 1L6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/11743205" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Carrier Proteins/genetics/physiology ; Cell Cycle Proteins/genetics/physiology ; Cell Polarity ; Computational Biology ; Crosses, Genetic ; *Cytoskeletal Proteins ; Cytoskeleton/physiology ; DNA Helicases/genetics/physiology ; DNA Repair ; DNA, Fungal/biosynthesis ; Databases, Genetic ; Endodeoxyribonucleases/genetics/physiology ; Flap Endonucleases ; Fungal Proteins/genetics/physiology ; *Gene Deletion ; Genes, Essential ; Genes, Fungal/*physiology ; Genetic Markers ; *Genetic Techniques ; Genome, Fungal ; *Microfilament Proteins ; Microtubule Proteins/genetics/physiology ; Mitosis ; RecQ Helicases ; Recombination, Genetic ; Robotics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*genetics/growth & development/*physiology ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/genetics/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 10
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    Global mapping of the yeast genetic interaction network (2004)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-02-07
    Description: A genetic interaction network containing approximately 1000 genes and approximately 4000 interactions was mapped by crossing mutations in 132 different query genes into a set of approximately 4700 viable gene yeast deletion mutants and scoring the double mutant progeny for fitness defects. Network connectivity was predictive of function because interactions often occurred among functionally related genes, and similar patterns of interactions tended to identify components of the same pathway. The genetic network exhibited dense local neighborhoods; therefore, the position of a gene on a partially mapped network is predictive of other genetic interactions. Because digenic interactions are common in yeast, similar networks may underlie the complex genetics associated with inherited phenotypes in other organisms.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Tong, Amy Hin Yan -- Lesage, Guillaume -- Bader, Gary D -- Ding, Huiming -- Xu, Hong -- Xin, Xiaofeng -- Young, James -- Berriz, Gabriel F -- Brost, Renee L -- Chang, Michael -- Chen, YiQun -- Cheng, Xin -- Chua, Gordon -- Friesen, Helena -- Goldberg, Debra S -- Haynes, Jennifer -- Humphries, Christine -- He, Grace -- Hussein, Shamiza -- Ke, Lizhu -- Krogan, Nevan -- Li, Zhijian -- Levinson, Joshua N -- Lu, Hong -- Menard, Patrice -- Munyana, Christella -- Parsons, Ainslie B -- Ryan, Owen -- Tonikian, Raffi -- Roberts, Tania -- Sdicu, Anne-Marie -- Shapiro, Jesse -- Sheikh, Bilal -- Suter, Bernhard -- Wong, Sharyl L -- Zhang, Lan V -- Zhu, Hongwei -- Burd, Christopher G -- Munro, Sean -- Sander, Chris -- Rine, Jasper -- Greenblatt, Jack -- Peter, Matthias -- Bretscher, Anthony -- Bell, Graham -- Roth, Frederick P -- Brown, Grant W -- Andrews, Brenda -- Bussey, Howard -- Boone, Charles -- GM39066/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- GM61221/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Feb 6;303(5659):808-13.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Banting and Best Department of Medical Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada M5G 1L6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/14764870" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Computational Biology ; Cystic Fibrosis/genetics ; Gene Deletion ; Genes, Essential ; *Genes, Fungal ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn/genetics ; Genotype ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multifactorial Inheritance ; Mutation ; Phenotype ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Retinitis Pigmentosa/genetics ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*genetics/*metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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