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  • Articles  (294)
  • 2015-2019  (149)
  • 2000-2004  (145)
  • Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition  (147)
  • Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology  (145)
  • Archaeology  (2)
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  • Articles  (294)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Soil use and management 19 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1475-2743
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract. We examined the effect on soil nutrient status and sustainability of water percolation through an irrigated paddy field in Japan, to the depth of drainage (40 cm). The difference between amounts of nutrients leached by percolation and those supplied by irrigation indicated that 25–130 kg ha−1 Ca, 8–24 kg ha−1 Mg, from −1 to 9 kg ha−1 K, and 8–17 kg ha−1 Fe, respectively, were lost each year from the 0–40 cm soil layer during rice cultivation, when the supply from fertilization and rainfall and the loss in grain harvest were not accounted for. When the supply of K from rainfall and the loss in grain harvest were taken into account, a total K loss of about 10 kg ha−1 was estimated. The electrical neutrality of inorganic ions in the percolating water was always maintained. From these results we estimate that the amounts of exchangeable Ca and Mg in the soil to a depth of 40 cm would decrease by 50% within 50–260 and 30–100 years, respectively, if similar management were continued without fertilization. The total amount of carbon dioxide (ΣCO2) leached in percolating water during the period of rice cultivation was 120–325 kg C ha−1, which corresponded to 0.47–0.94% of the soil organic carbon to 40 cm depth.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: In the medium size tokamak, JFT-2M, the ferritic steel boards (FBs) were inserted to reduce the toroidal field ripple which causes the fast ion losses. To evaluate the effect of FB insertion, two-dimensional (2D) infrared television (IRTV) system with high resolutions in time and space was developed, which is quite suitable to measure the first wall temperature increment caused by the ripple ion losses in a medium size tokamak. We adopt an IR thermal imager (Mitsubishi IR-M300) that provides a field time of 1/60 s. The detectable temperature range is 0–500 °C with resolution of 0.2 °C. The PtSi (26×20 μm) detector being sensitive to 3–5 μm IR radiation is composed of a 256×256 array. The optical system to view the first wall consists of an IR lens (f:25 mm, F:2.0), a reflecting mirror, and a sapphire vacuum window, in which distance from the camera position to the target wall is shortened to ∼3.5 m. Thus, we obtained a high spatial resolution of ∼3 mm. By using this system, the local hot spot due to the ripple trapped losses of fast ions was observed during neutral beam injection (36 kV, 500 kW) heating. The peak temperature increment ΔTs reached to ∼75 °C before FB insertion. After FB insertion, the ΔTs were reduced clearly. In the most optimized case, the temperature increment became negligibly small. These IRTV data make clear the effectiveness of FBs for reduction of fast ion losses.© 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1439-0523
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Viral diseases of sweet potato are very prevalent and often seriously damaging to the plants. In particular, the severe strain of the sweet potato feathery mottle virus (SPFMV-S) causes ‘obizyo-sohi’ disease in Japan. In order to confer viral resistance against SPFMV using current biotechnology, a transgenic sweet potato has been produced, introducing hygromycin-resistant (hpt) and SPFMV-S coat protein (CP) genes, which have shown a significant resistance to SPFMV-S. In the breeding programme, it is important to confirm that the viral resistance conferred in T0 plants can be inherited by their progeny. In the present study, progeny were obtained from crosses between the transgenic T0 and a non-transgenic variety of sweet potato. The results showed that the CP gene was inherited by the next generation and that the stability of viral resistance was also confirmed. Thus, this production system for the virus-resistant transgenic sweet potato is useful in practical breeding.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Review of Scientific Instruments 72 (2001), S. 2931-2935 
    ISSN: 1089-7623
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A multichannel motional Stark effect polarimeter system, which is capable of simultaneous measurement of a radial electric field, has recently been developed on the JFT-2M. The diagnostic can measure the polarization angle at 18 radial locations, which cover a region between just inside from the magnetic axis and the outboard edge of the plasma. By viewing two neutral beam lines (one is co-parallel to the plasma current and the other is counter parallel) simultaneously and near tangentially to the toroidal magnetic field from only one spectroscopic instruments, it provides the best sensitivity in radial electric field measurements with good spatial resolution. The magnetic field pitch angle is also measured with the smallest uncertainty. Preliminary data for L-mode plasma has been obtained. It is found that the statistical uncertainty of the magnetic field pitch angle and radial electric field is about 0.1° and 4 kV/m, respectively, with a time resolution of 10 ms. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Science Ltd
    European journal of soil science 52 (2001), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1365-2389
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: To understand the effect of land use changes on the composition of humus in tropical soils, samples from land under primary forest, secondary forest, coffee plantation, and arable crops were investigated at three sites in south Sumatra, Indonesia. Total carbon and total nitrogen contents were 1.7 to 4.3 times and 1.1 to 2.8 times greater in the topsoil under primary forest than under the other types of land use. Following change from primary forest to other uses, the proportion of humic acids in the organic matter of the topsoils decreased while that of the fulvic acid fraction increased. Within the range of land uses, differences in the yields of humic acids and fulvic acid fractions were, respectively, larger and smaller than those in total carbon content. The humic acids were classified into the low and middle classes in the degree of humification. Absorption due to the green fraction of humic acids, Pg, was detected in the UV-visible spectra of almost all the humic acids. No relation was observed between the degree of humification of humic acids or the strength of Pg absorption in their spectra and land use change. The fulvic acid fractions were fractionated on insoluble polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) into the adsorbed fractions consisting of humic substances and the non-adsorbed fractions consisting of non-humic substances. A positive correlation between the amount of the fulvic acid fraction and the percentage of the PVP-adsorbed fraction within it indicated that the variation in the amount of the fulvic acid fraction was attributable to acid-soluble humic substances. The ionization difference spectra of solutions between pH 12 and pH 7 suggested that the chemical structures of the PVP-adsorbed fulvic acids have been altered by land use change.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 67 (2002), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The body wall collagen of an edible sea cucumber, Stichopus japonicus, was studied with respect to its chemical composition and subunit structure. About 70% of the total body wall protein was accounted for by highly insoluble collagen fibers. The disaggregation with β-mercaptoethanol, 0.1 M NaOH treatment, and limited pepsin digestion of these collagen fibers resulted in complete solubilization. The solubilized collagen was isolated and characterized; it had 2 distinct subunits, αl and α2, which formed (α1)2α2 heterotrimers and was rich in glutamic acid when compared with other fibrillar collagens. The unique textural properties of cooked sea cucumber seem to be due to thermal denaturation of the insoluble collagen fibers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 69 (2004), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : Adductor muscles dissected from live scallops (Patinopecten yessoensis) were preserved in artificial seawater containing various concentrations of dissolved oxygen at 5°C. The period over that the initial ATP level was maintained decreased with a decrease in oxygen concentration. The K-value, an index of freshness, rose markedly after ATP levels and energy charge decreased. Muscle contraction occurred after 4 to 5 d in 1.0 mM oxygen or after 3 d in 0.07 mM oxygen. Sodium azide and 2,4-dinitrophenol accelerated the decrease in ATP, even in oxygenated seawater. These results suggest that enough oxygen to support aerobic respiration is required to preserve adductor muscles in a vital state for a relatively long period.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 68 (2003), S. 0 
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: : Thermal gelation of salted squid mantle muscle paste was studied in relation to endogenous proteases and transglutaminase. Myosin in the paste was preferentially degraded into 130-kDa and 90-kDa fragments at an optimum temperature of 30 °C. Degradation was inhibited with EDTA or 1,10 phenanthroline, suggesting the presence of metalloproteases. Myosin degradation was markedly reduced above 40 °C. Although 10 mM Ca2+ increased cross-linking of myosin heavy chains by activating the endogenous transglutaminase, setting effect on thermal gelation of the paste was offset by degradation induced by simultaneously activated calpains. Ca2+ and the alpain inhibitor, E64, significantly improved the breaking strength and strain of thermal gels preincubated at 40 °C.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bradford : Emerald
    Circuit world 27 (2001), S. 13-19 
    ISSN: 0305-6120
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: A developmental project has been initiated to create a new type of glass fabric, whose fibers are to be uniformly distributed in the laminate so as to comply with the requirement of homogeneity. As a result, various types of glass fiber fabrics have successfully woven through the uniquely developed "MS process", and it has been verified that each of the glass fabrics possesses the most suitable structure to attain uniform distribution in the laminates. The laminates, using the newly developed glass fabrics, have proved that the micro-diameter drilling, that is laser drilling and mechanical drilling with 0.1mm diameter, can be performed very easily with less drill bit breakage, and produces uniform drill holes. It has also been proved that the laminates with the new glass fabrics reveal improved mechanical properties such as lower CTE, decreased warp and twist and better dimensional stability compared with conventional laminates of glass epoxy. Various styles of new glass fabric cover the wide range of thickness from 100 microns down to 27 microns.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Telecommunication systems 15 (2000), S. 203-215 
    ISSN: 1572-9451
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract In recent years, IP networks have become increasingly complex and the range of network applications has widened. As a result, the need for experimental evaluation of application performance has increased. We introduce a measurement‐based performance evaluation method that combines a function to generate various patterns of application traffic with one to measure end‐to‐end network performance at the application level. For our method, we also propose traffic models of various applications that can represent the characteristics of these applications, for example, the burstiness of traffic. This method has already been implemented as a benchmarking tool on UNIX operating systems.
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