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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thermal Diffusivity Measurement of Polyamide Mesh by Temperature Wave Analysis1 (2000)
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 21 (2000), S. 503-512 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: effective thermal diffusivity ; plane wave structure ; polyamide mesh ; temperature wave analysis ; unit-cell model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The thermal diffusivity α of a polyamide mesh having plane wave structure was determined by a temperature wave analysis method developed in our laboratory. The measured thermal diffusivity of the polyamide mesh represents the combined result for the polyamide fiber part and the open space of the mesh. The polyamide mesh was measured in air and liquid paraffin conditions. Its effective thermal diffusivity was obtained as a function of the volume content of the surrounding material. A unit-cell model was applied to the polyamide mesh structure and shows good correspondence with the experimental results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006604201211
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The influence of matrix on the quantum size effect of CdSe microcrystals-doped thin films (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 35 (2000), S. 3097-3103 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract CdSe microcrystals were successfully dispersed in GeO2 glass andCaF2 crystal thin films by rf-sputtering. All films preparedshowed the blue shift of absorption edge in visible spectra due toquantum size effect. The amount of the blue shift of the filmsincreased with decreasing the size of the microcrystals. Comparingthe amount of the particle size–depending blue shift of CdSemicrocrystals dispersed in between the GeO2, CaF2 and SiO2 matricies, the influence of the matrix on the shift was found.Therefore, it can be said that there is an influence of the matrix onthe quantum size effect. From the modified theoretical calculation,the influence of matrix was considered to appear through Coulombinteraction between electrons and holes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1004815902345
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Long-Lived Radionuclides in Sea Sediments Around Kashiwazaki-Kariwa Nuclear Power Station (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of radioanalytical and nuclear chemistry 243 (2000), S. 433-445 
    Details
    ISSN: 1588-2780
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Natural and artificial radionuclide concentrations in sea sediments around Kashiwazaki-Kariwa nuclear power station have been investigated with respect to the particle size distributions and the ignition losses during assay. Plutonium concentrations around the south and north discharge area, ranged from 0.054 to 0.24 Bq·kg-1 (average 0.145) and 0.15 to 0.25 Bq·kg-1 (average 0.213), respectively. Plutonium concentrations were significantly related to erosion and accumulation processes of sediments in both south and north discharges. Additionally, the ratios of 239Pu to 240Pu were evaluated with ICP-MS to determine the origin of the Pu-isotopes. Uranium-238, 232Th and 40K were found in concentration range of 7.3–67, 12–100 and 260–560 Bq·kg-1 with mean concentrations of 20, 29 and 390 Bq·kg-1, respectively. It is assumed that the relatively high concentrations of the natural radionuclides such as U and Th are due to the presence of minerals (the south discharge regions). On the basis of these results, the origin of the Pu-isotopes was assumed to be derived from fallout of the past atmospheric nuclear tests.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1016026130630
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  • 4
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    Proposal of a Twin Aarginine Translocator System-Mediated Constraint against Loss of ATP Synthase Genes from Nonphotosynthetic Plastid Genomes (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-09-22
    Description: Organisms with nonphotosynthetic plastids often retain genomes; their gene contents provide clues as to the functions of these organelles. Yet the functional roles of some retained genes—such as those coding for ATP synthase—remain mysterious. In this study, we report the complete plastid genome and transcriptome data of a nonphotosynthetic diatom and propose that its ATP synthase genes may function in ATP hydrolysis to maintain a proton gradient between thylakoids and stroma, required by the twin arginine translocator (Tat) system for translocation of particular proteins into thylakoids. Given the correlated retention of ATP synthase genes and genes for the Tat system in distantly related nonphotosynthetic plastids, we suggest that this Tat-related role for ATP synthase was a key constraint during parallel loss of photosynthesis in multiple independent lineages of algae/plants.
    Print ISSN: 0737-4038
    Electronic ISSN: 1537-1719
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 5
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    Plastid Genome-Based Phylogeny Pinpointed the Origin of the Green-Colored Plastid in the Dinoflagellate Lepidodinium chlorophorum (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-04-19
    Description: Unlike many other photosynthetic dinoflagellates, whose plastids contain a characteristic carotenoid peridinin, members of the genus Lepidodinium are the only known dinoflagellate species possessing green alga-derived plastids. However, the precise origin of Lepidodinium plastids has hitherto remained uncertain. In this study, we completely sequenced the plastid genome of Lepidodinium chlorophorum NIES-1868 . Our phylogenetic analyses of 52 plastid-encoded proteins unite L. chlorophorum exclusively with a pedinophyte, Pedinomonas minor , indicating that the green-colored plastids in Lepidodinium spp. were derived from an endosymbiotic pedinophyte or a green alga closely related to pedinophytes. Our genome comparison incorporating the origin of the Lepidodinium plastids strongly suggests that the endosymbiont plastid genome acquired by the ancestral Lepidodinium species has lost genes encoding proteins involved in metabolism and biosynthesis, protein/metabolite transport, and plastid division during the endosymbiosis. We further discuss the commonalities and idiosyncrasies in genome evolution between the L. chlorophorum plastid and other plastids acquired through endosymbiosis of eukaryotic photoautotrophs.
    Electronic ISSN: 1759-6653
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 6
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    Lysophosphatidic acid as a lipid mediator with multiple biological actions (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-01-25
    Description: Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) is one of the simplest glycerophospholipids with one fatty acid chain and a phosphate group as a polar head. Although LPA had been viewed just as a metabolic intermediate in de novo lipid synthetic pathways, it has recently been paid much attention as a lipid mediator. LPA exerts many kinds of cellular processes, such as cell proliferation and smooth muscle contraction, through cognate G protein-coupled receptors. Because lipids are not coded by the genome directly, it is difficult to know their patho- and physiological roles. However, recent studies have identified several key factors mediating the biological roles of LPA, such as receptors and producing enzymes. In addition, studies of transgenic and gene knockout animals for these LPA-related genes, have revealed the biological significance of LPA. In this review we will summarize recent advances in the studies of LPA production and its roles in both physiological and pathological conditions.
    Print ISSN: 0021-924X
    Electronic ISSN: 1756-2651
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Japanese Biochemical Society (JBS).
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  • 7
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    GERV: a statistical method for generative evaluation of regulatory variants for transcription factor binding (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-02-06
    Description: Motivation: The majority of disease-associated variants identified in genome-wide association studies reside in noncoding regions of the genome with regulatory roles. Thus being able to interpret the functional consequence of a variant is essential for identifying causal variants in the analysis of genome-wide association studies. Results: We present GERV (generative evaluation of regulatory variants), a novel computational method for predicting regulatory variants that affect transcription factor binding. GERV learns a k-mer-based generative model of transcription factor binding from ChIP-seq and DNase-seq data, and scores variants by computing the change of predicted ChIP-seq reads between the reference and alternate allele. The k-mers learned by GERV capture more sequence determinants of transcription factor binding than a motif-based approach alone, including both a transcription factor’s canonical motif and associated co-factor motifs. We show that GERV outperforms existing methods in predicting single-nucleotide polymorphisms associated with allele-specific binding. GERV correctly predicts a validated causal variant among linked single-nucleotide polymorphisms and prioritizes the variants previously reported to modulate the binding of FOXA1 in breast cancer cell lines. Thus, GERV provides a powerful approach for functionally annotating and prioritizing causal variants for experimental follow-up analysis. Availability and implementation: The implementation of GERV and related data are available at http://gerv.csail.mit.edu/ . Contact: gifford@mit.edu Supplementary information: Supplementary data are available at Bioinformatics online.
    Print ISSN: 1367-4803
    Electronic ISSN: 1460-2059
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Medicine
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 8
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    Mitochondrial Genome of Palpitomonas bilix: Derived Genome Structure and Ancestral System for Cytochrome c Maturation (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-10-15
    Description: We here reported the mitochondrial (mt) genome of one of the heterotrophic microeukaryotes related to cryptophytes, Palpitomonas bilix . The P. bilix mt genome was found to be a linear molecule composed of "single copy region" (~16 kb) and repeat regions (~30 kb) arranged in an inverse manner at both ends of the genome. Linear mt genomes with large inverted repeats are known for three distantly related eukaryotes (including P. bilix ), suggesting that this particular mt genome structure has emerged at least three times in the eukaryotic tree of life. The P. bilix mt genome contains 47 protein-coding genes including ccmA , ccmB , ccmC , and ccmF , which encode protein subunits involved in the system for cytochrome c maturation inherited from a bacterium (System I). We present data indicating that the phylogenetic relatives of P. bilix , namely, cryptophytes, goniomonads, and kathablepharids, utilize an alternative system for cytochrome c maturation, which has most likely emerged during the evolution of eukaryotes (System III). To explain the distribution of Systems I and III in P. bilix and its phylogenetic relatives, two scenarios are possible: (i) System I was replaced by System III on the branch leading to the common ancestor of cryptophytes, goniomonads, and kathablepharids, and (ii) the two systems co-existed in their common ancestor, and lost differentially among the four descendants.
    Electronic ISSN: 1759-6653
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 9
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    Proposal of a Twin Aarginine Translocator System-Mediated Constraint against Loss of ATP Synthase Genes from Nonphotosynthetic Plastid Genomes (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-30
    Print ISSN: 0737-4038
    Electronic ISSN: 1537-1719
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 10
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    Ly{alpha} emitters with very large Ly{alpha} equivalent widths, EW0(Ly{alpha}) ~= 200-400 , at z ~ 2 (2016)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-12-10
    Description: We present physical properties of spectroscopically confirmed Lyα emitters (LAEs) with very large rest-frame Lyα equivalent widths EW 0 (Lyα). Although the definition of large EW 0 (Lyα) LAEs is usually difficult due to limited statistical and systematic uncertainties, we identify six LAEs selected from ~3000 LAEs at z ~ 2 with reliable measurements of EW 0 (Lyα) ~= 200–400 Å given by careful continuum determinations with our deep photometric and spectroscopic data. These large EW 0 (Lyα) LAEs do not have signatures of AGN, but notably small stellar masses of M * = 10 7–8 M and high specific star formation rates (star formation rate per unit galaxy stellar mass) of ~100 Gyr –1 . These LAEs are characterized by the median values of L (Lyα) = 3.7 x 10 42  erg s –1 and M UV = –18.0 as well as the blue UV continuum slope of β = –2.5 ± 0.2 and the low dust extinction $E(B-V)_{\rm *} = 0.02^{+0.04}_{-0.02}$ , which indicate a high median Lyα escape fraction of $f_{\rm esc}^{\rm Ly\alpha }=0.68\pm 0.30$ . This large $f_{\rm esc}^{\rm Ly\alpha }$ value is explained by the low H i column density in the interstellar medium which is consistent with full width at half-maximum (FWHM) of the Lyα line, FWHM(Lyα) = 212 ± 32 km s –1 , significantly narrower than those of small EW 0 (Lyα) LAEs. Based on the stellar evolution models, our observational constraints of the large EW 0 (Lyα), the small β, and the rest-frame He ii EW imply that at least a half of our large EW 0 (Lyα) LAEs would have young stellar ages of 20 Myr and very low metallicities of Z 〈 0.02 Z regardless of the star formation history.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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