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  • Springer  (80)
  • Copernicus
  • 2000-2004  (81)
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  • 1
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    Identification of essential amino acid residues for catalytic activity and thermostability of novel chitosanase by site-directed mutagenesis (2001)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-07-01
    Print ISSN: 0175-7598
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0614
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Published by Springer
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of isomeric 9,10,13 (9,12,13)-trihydroxy-11E (10E)-octadecenoic acid from linoleic acid by Pseudomonas aeruginosa PR3 (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 25 (2000), S. 109-115 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: bioconversion; trihydroxy octadecenoic acid; linoleic acid; Pseudomonas aeruginosa PR3
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Trihydroxy unsaturated fatty acids with 18 carbons have been reported as plant self-defense substances. Their production in nature is rare and is found mainly in plant systems. Previously, we reported that a new bacterial isolate, Pseudomonas aeruginosa PR3, converted oleic acid and ricinoleic acid to 7,10-dihydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic acid and 7,10,12-trihydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic acid, respectively. Here we report that strain PR3 converted linoleic acid to two compounds: 9,10,13-trihydroxy-11(E)-octadecenoic acid (9,10,13-THOD) and 9,12,13-trihydroxy-10(E)-octadecenoic acid (9,12,13-THOD). Stereochemical analyses showed the presence of 16 different diastereomers — the maximum number possible. The optimum reaction temperature and pH for THOD production were 30°C and 7.0, respectively. The optimum linoleic acid concentration was 10 mg/ml. The most effective single carbon and nitrogen sources were glucose and sodium glutamate, respectively. However, when a mixture of yeast extract (0.05%), (NH4)2HPO4 (0.2%), and NH4NO3 (0.1%) was used as the nitrogen source, THOD production was higher by 8.3% than when sodium glutamate was the nitrogen source. Maximum production of total THOD with 44% conversion of substrate was achieved at 72 h of incubation, after which THOD production plateaued up to 240 h. THOD production and cell growth increased in parallel with glucose concentration up to 0.3%, after which cell growth reached its maximum and THOD production did not increase. These results suggested that THODs were not metabolized by strain PR3. This is the first report of microbial production of 9,10,13- and 9,12,13-THOD from linoleic acid. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2000) 25, 109–115.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.7000041
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of 10,12-dihydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic acid, an intermediate in the conversion of ricinoleic acid to 7,10,12-trihydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic acid by Pseudomonas aeruginosa PR3 (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 24 (2000), S. 167-172 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: biotransformation; dihydroxy octadecenoic acid; trihydroxy octadecenoic acid; Pseudomonas aeruginosa; ricinoleic acid; hydroxylation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A bacterial isolate, Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PR3), has been reported to produce a new compound, 7,10,12-trihydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic acid (TOD), from ricinoleic acid (Kuo TM, LK Manthey and CT Hou. 1998. J Am Oil Chem Soc 75: 875–879). The reaction is unique in that it involves an introduction of two additional hydroxyl groups at carbon 7 and 10 and a rearrangement of the double bond from carbon 9–10 (cis) to 8–9 (trans). In an effort to elucidate the metabolic pathway involved in the formation of TOD from ricinoleic acid by PR3, we have isolated another compound from the reaction mixture using HPLC. The structure of the new compound was determined to be 10, 12-dihydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic acid (DHOD) by GC/MS, FTIR, and NMR. The structural similarity between DHOD and TOD and the results from the time course study of the above two compounds strongly suggested that DHOD was an intermediate in the bioconversion of ricinoleic acid to TOD by PR3. The optimum pH and temperature for the production of DHOD from ricinoleic acid by PR3 was 6.5 and 25°C, respectively. This is the first report on the production of 10,12-dihydroxy-8(E)-octadecenoic acid from ricinoleic acid by PR3. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2000) 24, 167–172.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900804
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enhanced production of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) by fed-batch cultures of Pseudomonas sp EL-2 (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of industrial microbiology and biotechnology 24 (2000), S. 36-40 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-5535
    Keywords: Keywords: P(3HB-co-3HV); copolymer; Pseudomonas sp EL-2; fed-batch culture
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Pseudomonas sp EL-2 was cultivated to produce poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate) [P(3HB-co-3HV)] from a structurally unrelated carbon source, glucose, by a fed-batch culture technique. Variation of the carbon to nitrogen (C/N) ratio of the medium produced optimal P(3HB-co-3HV) production at a C/N ratio of 95. Production of P(3HB-co-3HV) was favored by a dissolved oxygen tension of 40%. A maximum biomass concentration of 38 g L−1 containing 53% P(3HB-co-3HV) was achieved after 45 h of cultivation. This corresponds to a volumetric productivity of 0.84 g L−1 h−1. The copolymer contained 7.5 mol% 3-hydroxyvalerate. Journal of Industrial Microbiology & Biotechnology (2000) 24, 36–40.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.jim.2900762
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electrochemical preparation and properties of composite films with polypyrrole/poly(styrene sulfonate): polyviologen multilayers (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 30 (2000), S. 49-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Keywords: multilayer ; polyelectrolyte ; polypyrrole ; polyviologen
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Multilayers consisting of polypyrrole/poly(styrene sulfonate) (PP/PSS) and polyviologen (PV) were electrochemically prepared on Au to enhance long-term and environmental (e.g., pH) stability of PV modified electrodes. PV cationic polyelectrolytes were adsorbed on top of electrochemically synthesized PP/PSS via electrostatic interactions with PSS present at the surface of conducting polymer substrates. By alternating electrochemical synthesis of PP/PSS and PV adsorption in a single medium, multilayers were prepared up to 13 layer-pairs. The electrochemical and electrochromic properties of multilayers produced in this way were quite reproducible, since the film preparation does not require medium changes and the layer thicknesses can be finely controlled using the applied potential and time. Although the redox potential of PP/PSS shifted in the positive direction with increase in the number of layer-pairs, cyclic voltammograms of multilayers indicated that total electroactivity of PP/PSS was retained. PV molecules, sandwiched between reduced PP/PSS layers, were also fully electroactive and quite stable during repeated redox switching processes, indicative of enhanced long-term stability. Multilayers also possessed electrochromic properties which were directly proportional to the number of PV layers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003844620499
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Characterization of an extracellular poly(3-hydroxy-5-phenylvalerate) depolymerase from Xanthomonas sp. JS02 (2000)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 53 (2000), S. 323-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract  A bacterium, JS02, capable of degrading an aromatic medium-chain-length polyhydroxyalkanoate (PHAMCL), poly(3-hydroxy-5-phenylvalerate) (PHPV), was isolated from wastewater-treatment sludge (Ju et al. 1998), and was identified as a Xanthomonas species. An extracellular PHPV depolymerase was purified from the concentrated culture broth of Xanthomonas sp. JS02 by using a chromatography series on Sephadex G-75, QAE-Sephadex A-50 and hydroxyapatite. The molecular mass of the purified enzyme was estimated to be 41.7 kDa. The purified enzyme could hydrolyse PHPV and p-nitrophenyl (PNP)-esters of fatty acids, but did not hydrolyse short-chain-length PHAs, though the culture supernatant could hydrolyse them. The optimum pH range was 8.0–9.0 and the optimum temperature was 60 °C for PNP-octanoate hydrolysis. The K m values for PNP-hexanoate and PNP-octanoate were 10.9 and 0.88 μM, respectively.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530050028
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular characterization of xynX, a gene encoding a multidomain xylanase with a thermostabilizing domain from Clostridium thermocellum (2000)
    Springer
    Applied microbiology and biotechnology 54 (2000), S. 521-527 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Abstract A Clostridium thermocellum gene, xynX, coding for a xylanase was cloned and the complete nucleotide sequence was determined. The xylanase gene of Clostridium thermocellum consists of an ORF of 3261 nucleotide encoding a xylanase (XynX) of 1087 amino acid residues (116 kDa). Sequence analysis of XynX showed a multidomain structure that consisted of four different domains: an N-terminal thermostabilizing domain homologous to sequences found in several thermophilic enzymes, a catalytic domain homologous to family 10 glycosyl hydrolases, a duplicated cellulose-binding domain (CBD) homologous to family IX CBDs, and a triplicated S-layer homologous domain. A deletion mutant of xynX having only the catalytic region produced a mutant enzyme XynX-C which retained catalytic activity but lost thermostability. In terms of half-life at 70 °C, the thermostability of XynX-C was about six times lower than that of the other mutant enzyme, XynX-TC, produced by a mutant containing both the thermostabilizing domain and the catalytic domain. The optimum temperature of XynX-C was about 5–10 °C lower than that of XynX-TC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002530000412
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolated Singularity for the Stationary Navier—Stokes System (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of mathematical fluid mechanics 2 (2000), S. 151-184 
    Details
    ISSN: 1422-6952
    Keywords: Keywords. The stationary Navier—Stokes system, homogeneous harmonic polynomials, power series expansion and isolated singularity.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. In this paper the classical method to prove a removable singularity theorem for harmonic functions near an isolated singular point is extended to solutions to the stationary Stokes and Navier—Stokes system. Finding series expansion of solutions in terms of homogeneous harmonic polynomials, we establish some known results and new theorems concerning the behavior of solutions near an isolated singular point. In particular, we prove that if (u, p) is a solution to the Navier—Stokes system in $ B_R \setminus \{0\} $ , $ n \geq 3 $ and $ |u(x)| = o\,(|x|^{-(n - 1)/2}) $ as $ |x| \to 0 $ or $ u \in L^{2n/(n - 1)}(B_R) $ , then (u, p) is a distribution solution and if in addition, $ u \in L^{\beta}(B_R) $ for some $ \beta 〉 n $ then ( u, p) is smooth in B R .
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00000951
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hydrogen Isotope Exchange Reactions in an Electrical Discharge (2000)
    Springer
    Plasma chemistry and plasma processing 20 (2000), S. 259-275 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8986
    Keywords: plasmolysis ; DC electrical discharge ; FTIR ; emission spectra ; hydrogen isotope exchange reaction
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Hydrogen isotope exchange reactions occurring in (H2O, D2)or (D2O, H2) reacting system under a DC electricaldischarge were investigated using spectroscopic methods such asFourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and plasma emission spectroscopy(PES). The progress of the reactions was determined by real-time measurementof the IR absorbance of HDO molecule, a major product of the reaction. Theprogress of the reaction was studied as a function of the temperature, thecurrent density, and the composition of the reactants, while the pressure ofthe system was maintained at approximately 67 mbar. The results revealedthat the discharge method was far more effective in facilating the exchangereaction than was the conventional catalytic method. The (H2O, D2)system also generated a significant amount of D2O besides HDO andHD as the ratio of D2 to H2O was increased. Thetransient species of the system, such as H or D atoms, were monitored duringthe discharge using emission spectroscopy. The analysis of the final products by mass spectroscopy confirmed that neither H2 nor O2was among the major products of the system in the discharge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007073224543
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Preparation of B4C powder from B2O3 oxide by SHS process (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 19 (2000), S. 951-954 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4811
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006760020130
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