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  • Articles  (677)
  • Oxford University Press  (576)
  • Wiley  (51)
  • De Gruyter  (45)
  • American Chemical Society
  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)
  • Institute of Physics
  • Society of Petroleum Engineers
  • 2015-2019  (236)
  • 2010-2014  (373)
  • 1980-1984  (65)
  • 1955-1959  (2)
  • 1945-1949  (1)
  • Economics  (559)
  • Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science  (118)
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  • Articles  (677)
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  • 1
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    'How do we know it's not been done yet?!' Trust, trust building and regulation in stem cell research (2010)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2010-11-01
    Print ISSN: 0302-3427
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-5430
    Topics: Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 2
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    Intellectual property in plant breeding: comparing different levels and forms of protection (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-29
    Description: Welfare trade-offs between intellectual property (IP) protections provided by patents and by plant variety protection (PVP) are explored. PVP breeders’ exemption weakens IP protection, but may speed the transfer of research gains across firms. A model is developed assuming firms optimise research given existing IP protection. A baseline scenario supporting each system is used to perform welfare analysis, and study how the balance is altered between systems. Survey data suggest patents are more appropriate for longer-term, higher-risk research, whereas PVP is better suited for traditional breeding. A scenario where patents and licensing co-exist dominates PVP in all commercially relevant areas.
    Keywords: O31 - Innovation and Invention: Processes and Incentives, O34 - Intellectual Property Rights, Q16 - R&D ; Agricultural Technology ; Agricultural Extension Services
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3618
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 3
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    Preference reversals in Contingent and Inferred valuation methods (2013)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2013-02-26
    Description: We examine inconsistencies in preference orderings using the Contingent valuation (CV) and the Inferred valuation (IV) methods. We find that in the context of a food market we do not observe strong inconsistencies. Weak inconsistencies are observed for the IV method, indicating that IV is slightly more susceptible to inconsistent preference orderings than the CV method. We also find that the IV method generates higher valuations than CV in the case of consumers with high commitment costs (that is, low familiarity with the product) but successfully mitigates social desirability bias in the case of low commitment costs and high normative motivations.
    Keywords: C93 - Field Experiments, D12 - Consumer Economics: Empirical Analysis
    Print ISSN: 0165-1587
    Electronic ISSN: 1464-3618
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 4
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    Product Relatedness and Firm Exports in China (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-09-30
    Description: We propose the first evaluation using micro-level data of the gains from the consistency of activities with a local comparative advantage. Using firm-level data from Chinese customs over the 2000–6 period, we investigate the relationship between the export performance of firms and how their products relate to local comparative advantage. Our key indicator measures the density of the links between a product and the local product space. Hence, it combines information on the intrinsic relatedness of a good with information on the local pattern of specialization. Our results indicate that exports grow faster for goods that have denser links with those currently produced in the firm's locality. The density of links between products seems to yield export-enhancing spillovers. However, we show that this positive effect of product relatedness on export performance is mainly limited to ordinary trade activities and domestic firms. It is also stronger for more productive firms, suggesting that spillover diffusion may be hindered by insufficient absorptive capacity.
    Keywords: F10 - General, F14 - Country and Industry Studies of Trade, O14 - Industrialization ; Manufacturing and Service Industries ; Choice of Technology
    Print ISSN: 0258-6770
    Electronic ISSN: 1564-698X
    Topics: Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 5
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    Bioenergy Supply and Environmental Impacts on Cropland: Insights from Multi-market Forecasts in a Great Lakes Subregional Bioeconomic Model (2015)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2015-11-06
    Description: Using subregional models of crop production choices in central Wisconsin and southwest Michigan, we predict biomass production, land use, and environmental impacts with details that are unavailable from national scale models. When biomass prices are raised exogenously, we find that the subregional models overestimate the supply, the land use, and the beneficial environmental aspects of perennial biomass crops. Multi-market price feedbacks tied to realistic policy parameters predict high threshold absolute prices for biomass to enter production, resulting in intensified production of biomass from annual grain crops with damaging environmental impacts. Multi-market feedbacks also predict regional specialization in energy biomass production in areas with lower yields of food crops. Policies promoting biofuels will not necessarily generate environmental benefits in the absence of environmental regulations.
    Keywords: Q16 - R&D ; Agricultural Technology ; Agricultural Extension Services, Q42 - Alternative Energy Sources, Q50 - General
    Print ISSN: 2040-5790
    Electronic ISSN: 2040-5804
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 6
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    Governance for Urban Sustainability and Resilience (2015)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2015-12-05
    Print ISSN: 0302-3427
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-5430
    Topics: Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 7
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    Can Civil Society Overcome Government Failure in Africa? (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-01-22
    Description: Government failures are widespread in Africa. Symptoms include absentee teachers, leakage of public funds, monopolized trucking, and employment-restricting regulations. Can civil society do anything about these failures? Would external donor support to civil society help? We argue that the challenge for civil society is to improve government functioning by strengthening political incentives—the underlying cause of government failure—rather than bypassing or supplanting the state. This paper reviews the available evidence on civil society interventions from this perspective. Although the current increase in political competition and extensive citizen engagement in Africa seems to create the potential for civil society influence, we find that there are large knowledge gaps regarding what works, where, and how. Some rigorous evaluations find significant impacts of civil society involvement on development outcomes, but these studies typically pay insufficient attention to the mechanisms. For example, are impacts due to overcoming government failure or to changing private household behavior, leaving the wasteful allocation of public resources untouched? We conclude that donor support to civil society should take an approach of learning by doing through ongoing experimentation backed by rigorous, data-based evaluations of the mechanisms of impact.
    Keywords: H41 - Public Goods, O19 - International Linkages to Development ; Role of International Organizations, P26 - Political Economy ; Property Rights
    Print ISSN: 0257-3032
    Electronic ISSN: 1564-6971
    Topics: Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 8
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    Reversing Property Rights: Practice-Based Approaches for Controlling Agricultural Nonpoint-source Water Pollution When Emissions Aggregate Nonlinearly (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-03-21
    Description: Nonpoint-source water pollution remains a major issue despite decades of research and sizable conservation programs. We suggest that by taking advantage of contemporary modeling and optimization approaches, good approximations to physical relationships can be constructed so that even in the presence of unobservable field emissions and nonlinear fate and transport relationships, standard economic tools of command-and-control requirements, performance standards, and trading can be implemented. The Boone River Watershed in the U.S. state of Iowa is used for empirical demonstration. Although the approach can be used to construct voluntary conservation policies, the described policies involve imposing requirements on agricultural polluters rather than relying on voluntary actions alone.
    Keywords: C63 - Computational Techniques, Q20 - General, Q28 - Government Policy, Q53 - Air Pollution ; Water Pollution ; Noise ; Hazardous Waste ; Solid Waste ; Recycling
    Print ISSN: 0002-9092
    Electronic ISSN: 1467-8276
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 9
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    Estimating Endangered Species Interaction Risk With the Kalman Filter (2014)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2014-03-21
    Description: To address the tradeoff between biodiversity conservation in marine ecosystems and fishing opportunity, it is important to quantify the risk of endangered species interactions in commercial fisheries. We propose a Kalman filter suitable for rare events to estimate the endangered leatherback turtle take risk in the California drift gillnet fishery in the years 1990–2010, conditional on spatiotemporal factors that affect take rates. Results suggest interaction risk has remained stable, but with substantial variation over the spatiotemporal distribution of effort. Our methods might also apply to recreation demand analysis with rare event risk, or to applications involving irregularly spaced observations, like trade-level stock market data.
    Keywords: Q22 - Fishery ; Aquaculture, Q57 - Ecological Economics: Ecosystem Services ; Biodiversity Conservation ; Bioeconomics, Q58 - Government Policy
    Print ISSN: 0002-9092
    Electronic ISSN: 1467-8276
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Economics
    Published by Oxford University Press
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  • 10
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    Urban Competitiveness and Innovation edited by Pengfei Ni and Zheng Qiongjie (2014)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2014-09-04
    Print ISSN: 0302-3427
    Electronic ISSN: 1471-5430
    Topics: Nature of Science, Research, Systems of Higher Education, Museum Science
    Published by Oxford University Press
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