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  • 2015-2019  (4)
  • 2010-2014  (8)
  • 1995-1999  (9)
  • 1980-1984  (9)
  • 1970-1974  (7)
  • 1930-1934  (6)
  • 1
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    Particle surface area dependence of mineral dust in immersion freezing mode: investigations with freely suspended drops in an acoustic levitator and a vertical wind tunnel (2014)
    In:  EPIC3Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics, 14(22), pp. 12343-12355, ISSN: 1680-7324
    Details
    Publication Date: 2018-07-10
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , peerRev
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Minimum round-off noise realization of block-state recursive digital filters (1982)
    Springer
    Circuits, systems and signal processing 1 (1982), S. 217-231 
    Details
    ISSN: 1531-5878
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The development of a block-state structure with minimum round-off noise subject to ℓ2-norm dynamic range constraint is outlined. The pertinent equations for scaling and for round-off noise analysis of block-state structures implemented using fixed-point arithmetic are first derived. Next, a lower bound and the global minimum of the output noise due to the round-off of the block-state-variables are derived. A method of deriving the minimum round-off noise block state-structure is outlined. A numerical example is included. With regard to computational complexity and overall noise performance, the block-state realization of recursive digital filters is shown to be superior.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01600053
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Dermatophytes isolated from selected ruminants in India (1998)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 142 (1998), S. 13-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Dermatophytes ; ruminants ; India
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract A survey was carried out in different areas of Uttar Pradesh for isolating and identifying dermatophytes from ruminants. Out of 102 skin scrapings, collected from various animals, 4/22 cattle, 1/9 buffalo, 14/44 sheep and 2/28 goats were KOH positive. In respect of the cattle, the culture positive samples yielded one strain each of Trichophyton mentagrophytes, T. rubrum, T. simii and two strains of Microsporum gypseum. From the buffaloes examined, only one case yielded a dermatophyte and it was identified as T. mentagrophytes. In respect of the sheep, two samples were culture positive and the dermatophyte was T. mentagraphytes (2). Of the 28 goat scrapings, only two harboured dermatophytes viz., M. gypseum and T. mentagrophytes. Fungi other than dermatophytes isolated from the ruminants were Alternaria species, Aspergillus species, Beauveria bassiana, Chrysosporium keratinophilum, Curvularia species, Penicillium species, Pseudoarachniotus roseus and T. terrestre. Isolation of T. rubrum from the skin lesion of one of the cattle is noteworthy, since this dermatophyte is better known as an anthrophilic species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1006944605066
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nitrogen requirements of three species of Pestalotia (1970)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 42 (1970), S. 9-16 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02051820
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of a Meteoric Shower on the Ionosphere (1934)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 133 (1934), S. 533-534 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] OF the various agencies responsible for producing and maintaining ionisation of the ionosphere, bombardment of the upper atmosphere by meteors has been suggested as one. Skellett1 has carried out a calculation of the energy received by the earth due to impact of the meteors and ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/133533b0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of the Solar Eclipse on the Ionosphere (1933)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 132 (1933), S. 442-443 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IT has been definitely established that the ionosphere responsible for carrying radio waves round the curved surface of the earth is divided into two clearly distinguishable regions1, 2. The lower—the classical Kennelly-Heaviside or the E layer—is situated at a height of about 90 ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/132442a0
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Recording Wireless Echoes at the Transmitting Station (1933)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 131 (1933), S. 657-657 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] RECORDS of wireless echoes by the group-retardation method of Breit and Tuve1 show that the intensities and number of echoes diminish as the receiver is brought near the transmitter. The minimum distance from the transmitter at which we could detect echoes was 400 ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/131657a0
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of short-circuiting on the oxidation kinetics of copper and its doped varieties in the temperature range of 523–1073 K (1996)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 46 (1996), S. 73-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: oxidation ; copper ; Li-doped copper ; Cr-doped copper ; short-circuiting ; Mott's parabola ; Wagner's parabola
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The influence of shorting circuitry attachment between metal-oxide and oxideoxygen interfaces on the oxidation kinetics of copper, lithium-doped copper (Li: 400 ppm), and chromium-doped copper (Cr: 12 ppm) have been studied in dry air $$(P_{O_2 } = 21.27kPa)$$ in the temperature range of 523–1073 K. Oxide film or scale growth under short-circuiting as well as under normal oxidation conditions conforms to the parabolic rate law. The oxidation kinetics under short-circuiting resulted in decreased rates for Cu and Li-doped Cu up to a temperature of 773 K, while Cr-doped Cu exhibited an enhancement in rate compared to its normal oxidation in the same temperature range. However, above 873 K, all three systems under shorting circuitry attachment exhibited enhanced rates compared to their normal oxidation rates in conformity to the existing theoretical model. Use of additional resistances in series in the outer short-circuit Pt path have clearly established that below 773 K Mott's fieldinduced migration plays the most important role, while at elevated temperatures Wagner's electrochemical potential-gradient factor acts as the main driving force in the scale-growth process. The results have been interpreted on the basis of average defect concentration, the electrochemical potential gradient, electrical field gradient, and transport coefficient in the Cu2O layer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01046885
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Influence of an Externally-Applied Static Charge on the Oxidation Kinetics of Copper (1998)
    Springer
    Oxidation of metals 49 (1998), S. 261-295 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4889
    Keywords: COPPER ; OXIDATION KINETICS ; STATIC CHARGE ; MOTT'S PARABOLIC FILM GROWTH ; WAGNER'S PARABOLIC SCALE GROWTH ; SELF-DIFFUSIVITY
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract The kinetics of copper oxidation under theinfluence of an externally-supplied static charge ofeither kind at one of the reaction interfaces of agrowing oxide film on its subsequent thickening weredetermined in the temperature range of 523-1173 K andoxygen-pressure range of 5.06-50.66 kPa. The kineticsconformed to the parabolic rate law under all conditionsof experimentation. In the temperature range of 523-723 K, charge supply of either kind ateither of the oxide interfaces, reduced the ratescompared to normal oxidation. The reduction in rates ismore pronounced with (-)ve charge supply. In thistemperature range, Mott's in situ electrical-potentialgradient across the oxide film is identified as thepredominant driving force for migration of copper ionsduring the subsequent film-thickening process. On the other hand, in the temperature range of 873-973K, a charge supply of either kind enhanced the ratescompared to normal oxidation, where Wagner'selectrochemical-potential gradient acts as the maindriving force for ion diffusion. However, at 1073 K and1173 K, the rates were found to decrease slightlycompared to normal oxidation. The oxygen-pressuredependencies of rate constants at 623 K exhibitedrelations of the type kP ∝P O2 1/4 for normal and kp ∝P O2 1/8 (approximately) for oxidation witheither (+)ve or (-)ve charge supply at the oxide/oxygeninterface. However, at 873 K the oxygen-pressuredependencies of rate constants conform to kP ∝P O2 1/6 for normal as well as for oxidationwith either (+)ve or (-)ve charge supply at theoxide/oxygen interface. The estimated activationenergies are 54 kJ/mol and 160 kJ/mol in Mott's and Wagner's parabolic ranges,respectively. It is established that migration of Cu+ions through the growing film is the rate-limiting stepunder all conditions of experimentation. This study has clearly demonstrated that changes inoxidation rates can be brought about by disturbing theinterfacial defect equilibria with anexternally-supplied static charge when no net currentflows through the oxide film. The estimated self-diffusivityvalues of Cu+ ions in the growingCu2O at 873 K are also reported.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1018882408550
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the scavenging of SO2 by cloud and raindrops: II. An experimental study of SO2 absorption and desorption for water drops in air (1983)
    Springer
    Journal of atmospheric chemistry 1 (1983), S. 291-306 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0662
    Keywords: Acid rain ; convective diffusion equation ; gas desorption ; gas scavenging ; mass transfer ; reversible washout ; sulfur dioxide ; trace gas absorption ; wet deposition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract For the purpose of testing our previously described theory of SO2 scavenging a laboratory investigation was carried out in the UCLA 33 m long rainshaft. Drops with radii between 250 and 2500 μm were allowed to come to terminal velocity, after which they passed through a chamber of variable length filled with various SO2 concentrations in air. After falling through a gas separating chamber consisting of a fluorocarbon gas the drops were collected and analyzed for their total S content in order to determine the rate of SO 2 absorption. The SO2 concentration in air studied ranged between 1 and 60% (v). Such relatively large concentrations were necessary due to the short times the drops were exposed to SO2 in the present setup. The present experimental results were therefore not used to simulate atmospheric conditions but rather to test our previously derived theory which is applicable to any laboratory or atmospheric condition. Comparison of our studies with the results from our theory applied to our laboratory conditions led to predicted values for the S concentration in the drops which agreed well with those observed if the drops had radii smaller than 500 μm. In order to obtain agreement between predicted and observed S concentrations in larger drops, an empirically derived eddy diffusivity for SO2 in water had to be included in the theory to take into account the effect of turbulent mixing inside such large drops. In a subsequent set of experiments, drops initially saturated with S (IV) were allowed to fall through S-free air to determine the rate of SO 2 desorption. The results of these studies also agreed well with the results of our theoretical model, thus justifying the reversibility assumption made in our theoretical models. In a final set of experiments, the effects of oxidation on SO2 absorption was studied by means of drops containing various amounts of H2O2. For comparable exposure times to SO2, the S concentration in drops with H2O2 was found to be up to 10 times higher than the concentration in drops in which no oxidation occurred.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00058733
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