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  • 2020-2024  (4)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2023-08-28
    Description: The area selected for the investigations of the VA-13/2 expedition of the Valdivia corresponds to area 2 of the previous VA-08 expedition performed in 1974. Its center coordinates are 9°25'N,146°00'W and it covers a square area of approximately 20 km. The aim of this expedition was to densify the previous 1974 network of observations and augment it by seismic data taken correlatively. This enabled a better mapping the facies zones of near-surface sediments. Furthermore, the dependence of manganese nodule chemistry upon topography on the one hand and the substrate on the other hand have been examined in more details. During the coarse of the R/V Valdivia VA-13/2 campaign, 597 multi-element geochemical analyses of manganese nodules and manganese crusts were carried out over 164 sampling. The analysis took place initially using a TRACOR-EDX device and after technical difficulties they were carried out using X-ray fluorescence. The samples were dried at 110°C for 24 hours and then ground to required analytical fineness.
    Keywords: BC; Box corer; Copper; Deposit type; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Elevation of event; Event label; FFGR; Free-fall grab; Geochemistry; Identification; Iron; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; Manganese; manganese nodules; Method/Device of event; Nickel; NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database; NOAA-MMS; ocean; Pacific Ocean; Position; VA-13/2; VA13-2-103GBH; VA13-2-105GBK; VA13-2-107GBK; VA13-2-108GBK; VA13-2-109GBK; VA13-2-10GBH; VA13-2-110GBK; VA13-2-111GBH; VA13-2-114GBH; VA13-2-115GBH; VA13-2-116GBH; VA13-2-119GBH; VA13-2-11GBH; VA13-2-120GBH; VA13-2-121GBH; VA13-2-122GBH; VA13-2-124GBH; VA13-2-127GBH; VA13-2-129GBH; VA13-2-12GBH; VA13-2-131GBH; VA13-2-132GBH; VA13-2-13GBH; VA13-2-150GBH; VA13-2-151GBH; VA13-2-152GBH; VA13-2-153GBH; VA13-2-15GBH; VA13-2-16GBH; VA13-2-173-174GBH; VA13-2-175GBH; VA13-2-177GBH; VA13-2-178GB; VA13-2-179GB; VA13-2-181-182GBH; VA13-2-187GBH; VA13-2-189GBH; VA13-2-18GBH; VA13-2-191GBH; VA13-2-193GBH; VA13-2-195GBH; VA13-2-197GBH; VA13-2-19GBH; VA13-2-200-201GBH; VA13-2-202GBH; VA13-2-206GBH; VA13-2-208GBH; VA13-2-20GBH; VA13-2-210GBH; VA13-2-212-213GBH; VA13-2-215KA; VA13-2-219GBH; VA13-2-21GBH; VA13-2-220GB; VA13-2-222GB; VA13-2-223GB; VA13-2-224GB; VA13-2-226GB; VA13-2-228-229GBH; VA13-2-28GBH; VA13-2-29GBH; VA13-2-30GBH; VA13-2-31GBH; VA13-2-32GBH; VA13-2-33GBH; VA13-2-34GBH; VA13-2-36GBH; VA13-2-37GBH; VA13-2-38GBH; VA13-2-39GBH; VA13-2-5GBH; VA13-2-7GBH; VA13-2-85GBH; VA13-2-87GBH; VA13-2-89GBH; VA13-2-8GBH; VA13-2-91GBH; VA13-2-93GBH; VA13-2-95GBH; VA13-2-97GBH; VA13-2-9GBH; Valdivia (1961); X-ray fluorescence (XRF)
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 567 data points
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2023-08-28
    Description: An area 20 x 20 nautical miles, within the abyssal hill region of the northern Central Pacific, has been sampled intensively by R/V Valdivia . The sediments represent four facies characterized by variations in color, structure and composition. A marked unconformity between facies II and III was dated by radiolaria and coccoliths as early Miocene to late Pliocene and is explained by an intensification of AABW circulation. A maximum of reworking, dissolution of siliceous organisms and growth of authigenic minerals is noted above and below this unconformity. Dissolution of siliceous organisms seems to control the growth of minerals such as zeolites and Fe-Mn-oxides. Fe-Mn-oxides were precipitated both as micro and macro nodules. While the micro nodules remained in place, most of the macronodules were pushed upwards by benthic organisms and were kept at the sediment surface. Thus, the surface nodules appear to be 'foreigners' in the recent sediments and represent the conditions of a past environment. During the VA-13/2 campaign 79 cores were taken from 60 locations. Fine scale sedimentary structures were determined using radiography of 252 samples. Mn nodules either at the surface or inside the cores were described. 2.0 cm thick samples were taken for sedimentological and bio-stratigraphical studies. Smear slides were also examined for the determination of Mn micronodule components.
    Keywords: Deposit type; Depth, bottom/max; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Depth, top/min; Description; Elevation of event; Event label; Identification; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; manganese enrichment; Method/Device of event; NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database; NOAA-MMS; ocean; Pacific Ocean; PC; Piston corer; Position; Quantity of deposit; Sediment Classification; Sediment type; VA-13/2; VA13-2-135KL; VA13-2-156KL; VA13-2-157KL; VA13-2-163KL; VA13-2-166KL; VA13-2-169KL; VA13-2-172KL; VA13-2-180KL; VA13-2-183KL; VA13-2-196KL; VA13-2-198KL; VA13-2-199KL; VA13-2-227KL; VA13-2-231KL; VA13-2-25KAL; VA13-2-26KL; VA13-2-27KL; VA13-2-45KL; VA13-2-46KL; VA13-2-59KL; Valdivia (1961)
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 423 data points
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2023-08-28
    Description: On the basis of the macroscopically visible layers, chemical analyses were carried out on various ferromanganese crust samples from VA 13/2 (station 237 KD) for minor elements and Rare Earths by neutron activation.
    Keywords: Antimony; Arsenic; Bromine; Cerium; Deposit type; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DISTANCE; Dredge; DRG; Europium; Geochemistry; Hafnium; ICP-MS; Identification; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; Lanthanum; Lutetium; manganese micronodule; manganese nodule; Neodymium; NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database; NOAA-MMS; ocean; Pacific Ocean; Samarium; Scandium; sediment; Terbium; Thorium; Tungsten; VA-13/2; VA13-2-237KD; Valdivia (1961); Ytterbium
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 339 data points
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2023-08-28
    Description: On the basis of the macroscopically visible layers, chemical analyses were carried out on various ferromanganese crust samples from VA 13/2 (sample 237 KD) for Mn, Fe, Ni, Cu, Co, Pb, Zn, Al, Ca and Ba by atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) at the exception of SiO2 by Gravimetric method.
    Keywords: Aluminium; Atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS); Calcium; Cobalt; Copper; Deposit type; DEPTH, sediment/rock; DISTANCE; Dredge; DRG; Elevation of event; Event label; Geochemistry; Identification; Iron; Latitude of event; Lead; Longitude of event; Magnesium; Manganese; manganese micronodule; manganese nodule; Nickel; NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database; NOAA-MMS; ocean; Pacific Ocean; sediment; Silicon dioxide; Sodium; VA-13/2; VA13-2-237KD; Valdivia (1961); Wet chemistry; Zinc
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 340 data points
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