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  • 2020-2024  (2)
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2023-06-29
    Description: The ionospheric anomalies possibly associated with large earthquakes have been reported by many researchers. In this paper, Total Electron Content (TEC), Ionosonde, and tomography analyses have been applied to investigate the spatial and temporal anomalies of ionospheric electron density prior to the 2011 Off the Pacific Coast of Tohoku earthquake (Mw9.0). Results show significant TEC enhancements and an interesting three dimensional structure prior to the main shock. As for temporal TEC changes, the TEC value increases 3-4 days before the earthquake remarkably, when the geomagnetic condition was relatively quiet. In addition, the abnormal TEC enhancement area in space was stalled above Japan during the period. Tomographic results show that three dimensional distribution of electron density decreases around 250 km altitude above the epicenter (peak is located just the east-region of the epicenter) and increases the mostly entire region between 300 and 400 km. Details and statistical tendency and differences from the case of geomagnetic storms will be also shown in our presentation.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2023-06-29
    Description: Conventionally, two-dimensional spatio-temporal variations and one-dimensional temporal variations such as GNSS-based TEC fluctuations and ionosonde data have been used for ionospheric disturbances. Ionospheric disturbances such as Pre-earthquake phenomena, and triggered by seismic ground motions, tsunamis, and typhoons, for which the physical mechanisms have not yet been elucidated, were also studied using GNSS-based TEC and Ionosonde data. In this study, we introduce the newly developed an ionospheric tomography system that is stable even during disturbances and can reconstruct the three-dimensional ionospheric electron density distribution. And we apply the developed tomography method to the GEONET data with typhoon signature and earthquake-related disturbances around Japan. Based on the obtained the three-dimensional structure, it is highly suggestive that ionospheric disturbances caused by typhoons were excited by atmospheric gravity waves, seismic fluctuations by sound waves, tsunami-induced fluctuations by atmospheric gravity waves, and earthquake precursors by electric fields. Details will be shown in the presentation.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/conferenceObject
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