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  • 2020-2024  (201)
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  • 1
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Science and Innovations for Food Systems Transformation (2023)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Details
    Keywords: Agriculture. ; Earth sciences. ; Geography. ; Food science. ; Sociology. ; Nutrition. ; Food. ; Agriculture. ; Earth and Environmental Sciences. ; Food Science. ; Food Studies. ; Sociology of Food and Nutrition.
    Description / Table of Contents: Part I : FOOD SYSTEM CONCEPT AND SUMMARIZED RECOMMENDATIONS -- Chapter 1: Food systems: seven priorities to end hunger and protect the planet -- Chapter 2: Food system concepts and definitions for science and political action -- Part II: ACTIONS ON HUNGER AND HEALTHY DIETS -- Chapter 3: Healthy diet - A Definition for the United Nations Food Systems Summit 2021 -- Chapter 4: Ensuring Access to Safe and Nutritious Food for All Through Transformation of Food Systems -- Chapter 5: Shift to Healthy and Sustainable Consumption Patterns -- Chapter 6: Fruits and Vegetables for Healthy Diets: Priorities for Food System Research and Action -- Chapter 7: Modelling Actions for Transforming Agrifood Systems -- Part IV: ACTIONS FOR EQUITY AND RESILIENCE IN FOOD SYSTEMS -- Chapter 8: Advance Equitable Livelihoods -- Chapter 9: A Review of Evidence on Gender Equality, Women‘s Empowerment and Food Systems -- Chapter 10: The Future of Small Farms: Innovations for Inclusive Transformation -- Chapter 11: Diversification for enhanced food systems resilience -- Chapter 12: Addressing Food Crises in Violent Conflicts -- Chapter 13: In brief: The White/Wiphala Paper on Indigenous Peoples’ food systems -- Chapter 14: Marginal areas and indigenous people – Priorities for research and action -- Chapter 15: Priorities for inclusive urban food system transformations in the Global South -- Chapter 16: Secondary Cities as Catalysts for Nutritious Diets in Low- And Middle-Income Countries -- Part V: ACTIONS FOR SUSTAINABLE FOOD PRODUCTION AND RESOURCE MANAGEMENT -- Chapter 17: Boost Nature Positive Production. Chapter 18: Pathways to Advance Agroecology for a Successful Transformation to Sustainable Food Systems -- Chapter 19: A New Paradigm for Plant Nutrition -- Chapter 20: Livestock and sustainable food systems: status, trends, and priority actions -- Chapter 21: The Vital Roles of Blue Foods in the Global Food System -- Chapter 22: Food System Innovations and Digital Technologies to Foster Productivity Growth and Rural Transformation -- Chapter 23: Leveraging data, models & farming innovation to prevent, prepare for & manage pest incursions: Delivering a pest risk service for low-income countries -- Chapter 24: Food Systems Innovation Hubs in Low-and-Middle-Income Countries -- Chapter 25: A Whole Earth Approach to Nature Positive Food: Biodiversity and Agriculture -- Chapter 26: Water for Food Systems and Nutrition -- Chapter 27: Climate Change and Food Systems -- Chapter 28: Delivering climate change outcomes with agroecology in low- and middle-income countries: evidence and actions needed -- Chapter 29: Crop Diversity, its Conservation and Use for Better Food Systems -- Chapter 30: Safeguarding and using Fruit and Vegetable Biodiversity -- Chapter 31: Reduction of Food Loss and Waste – The Challenges and Conclusions for Actions -- Part V: COSTS, INVESTMENT, FINANCE, AND TRADE ACTIONS -- Chapter 32: The True Cost of Food – a preliminary assessment -- Chapter 33: Cost and Affordability of Preparing a Basic Meal around the World -- Chapter 34: The global cost of reaching a world without hunger: Investment costs and policy action opportunities -- Chapter 35: Financing SGD2 and Ending Hunger -- Chapter 36: Trade and Sustainable Food Systems -- Part VI: Regional Perspectives -- Chapter 37: Policy Options for food system transformation in Africa and the role of science, technology and innovation -- Chapter 38: The Role of Science, Technology and Innovation for Transforming Food Systems in Latin America and the Caribbean -- Chapter 39: The Role of Science, Technology, and Innovation for Transforming Food Systems in Asia -- Chapter 40: The Role of Science, Technology, and Innovation for Transforming Food Systems in Europe -- Chapter 41: Transforming Chinese Food Systems for both Human and Planetary Health -- Chapter 42: Key Areas of the Agricultural Science Development in Russia in the Context of Global Trends and Challenges -- Chapter 43: Food System in India. Challenges, Performance and Promise -- Part VII: STRATEGIC PERSPECTIVES AND GOVERNANCE -- Chapter 44: The Role of Science, Technology and Innovation for Transforming Food Systems Globally -- Chapter 45: The Bioeconomy and Food Systems Transformation -- Chapter 46: In the Age of Pandemics, connecting Food Systems and Health: a Global One Health Approach -- Chapter 47: How could science–policy interfaces boost food system transformation? -- Chapter 48: The Transition Steps Needed to Transform Our Food Systems -- Chapter 49: Engaging Science in Food Systems Transformation: Toward Implementation of the Action Agenda of the United Nations Food Systems Summit -- Chapter 50: Science for Transformation of Food Systems: Opportunities for the UN Food Systems Summit.
    Abstract: This Open Access book compiles the findings of the Scientific Group of the United Nations Food Systems Summit 2021 and its research partners. The Scientific Group was an independent group of 28 food systems scientists from all over the world with a mandate from the Deputy Secretary-General of the United Nations. The chapters provide science- and research-based, state-of-the-art, solution-oriented knowledge and evidence to inform the transformation of contemporary food systems in order to achieve more sustainable, equitable and resilient systems.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XXII, 948 p. 1 illus. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2023.
    ISBN: 9783031157035
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15703-5
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-031-15703-5
    DDC: 630
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Wheat Improvement : Food Security in a Changing Climate (2022)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Details
    Keywords: Agricultural genome mapping. ; Agriculture. ; Food science. ; Medicine Research. ; Biology Research. ; Agricultural Genetics. ; Agriculture. ; Food Science. ; Translational Research.
    Description / Table of Contents: Introduction -- History of Wheat Breeding: A Personal View -- Defining Target Wheat Breeding Environments -- Global Trends in Wheat Production, Consumption and Trade -- Breeding Methods: Line Development -- Breeding Methods: Population Improvement and Selection Methods -- Achieving Genetic Gains in Practice -- Wheat Rusts: Current Status, Prospects of Genetic Control and Integrated Approaches to Enhance Resistance Durability -- Globally Important Non-Rust Diseases of Wheat -- Abiotic Stresses -- Wheat Quality -- Nutritionally Enhanced Wheat for Food and Nutrition Security -- Experimental Design for Plant Improvement -- Seed Systems to Support Rapid Adoption of Improved Varieties in Wheat -- Crop Management for Breeding Trials -- A Century of Cytogenetic and Genome Analysis: Impact on Wheat Crop Improvement -- Conserving Wheat Genetic Resources -- Exploring Untapped Wheat Genetic Resources to Boost Food Security -- Disease Resistance -- Insect Resistance -- Yield Potential -- Heat and Climate Change Mitigation -- Drought -- Micronutrient Toxicity and Deficiency -- Pre-breeding Strategies -- Translational Research Networks -- High Throughput Field Phenotyping -- Sequence-based marker assisted selection in wheat -- Application of CRISPR-Cas-based Genome Editing for Precision Breeding in Wheat -- Accelerating Breeding Cycles -- Improving Wheat Production and Breeding Strategies Using Crop Models -- Theory and Practice of Phenotypic and Genomic Selection Indices.
    Abstract: This open-access textbook provides a comprehensive, up-to-date guide for students and practitioners wishing to access in a single volume the key disciplines and principles of wheat breeding. Wheat is a cornerstone of food security: it is the most widely grown of any crop and provides 20% of all human calories and protein. The authorship of this book includes world class researchers and breeders whose expertise spans cutting-edge academic science all the way to impacts in farmers’ fields. The book’s themes and authors were selected to provide a didactic work that considers the background to wheat improvement, current mainstream breeding approaches, and translational research and avant garde technologies that enable new breakthroughs in science to impact productivity. While the volume provides an overview for professionals interested in wheat, many of the ideas and methods presented are equally relevant to small grain cereals and crop improvement in general. The book is affordable, and because it is open access, can be readily shared and translated -- in whole or in part -- to university classes, members of breeding teams (from directors to technicians), conference participants, extension agents and farmers. Given the challenges currently faced by academia, industry and national wheat programs to produce higher crop yields --- often with less inputs and under increasingly harsher climates -- this volume is a timely addition to their toolkit.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: LII, 629 p. 133 illus., 110 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2022.
    ISBN: 9783030906733
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-90673-3
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-90673-3
    DDC: 631.5233
    Language: English
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  • 3
    Online Resource
    Online Resource
    Breakthroughs in Space Life Science Research : From Apollo 16 to the ISS (2021)
    Cham :Springer International Publishing :
    Details
    Keywords: Medicine Research. ; Biology Research. ; Cytology. ; Solar system. ; Aerospace engineering. ; Astronautics. ; Biomedical Research. ; Cell Biology. ; Space Physics. ; Aerospace Technology and Astronautics.
    Description / Table of Contents: Chapter 1. Introduction: Space Life Sciences – Basic Research and Applications under Extraordinary Conditions -- Chapter 2. A Long Way for Europe and Germany: From Apollo 16 to the International Space Station ISS -- Chapter 3. Success Stories: Incremental Progress and Scientific Breakthroughs in Life Science Research -- Chapter 4. Success Stories: Innovative Developments for Biomedical Diagnostics and Preventative Health Care -- Chapter 5. Space Life Sciences in the Exploration Era: An Outlook on Future Challenges and Opportunities.-.
    Abstract: This last volume of the SpringerBriefs in Space Life Sciences series is setup in 5 main parts. The 1st part shortly summarizes the history of life science research in space from the late 40s until today with focus on Europe and Germany, followed by a part on describing flight opportunities including the Space Shuttle/Spacelab system and the International Space Station ISS; in the 3rd part it focuses on extraordinary success stories of this constantly challenging research program and highlights some important key findings in space life science research. The book introduces in the 4th part innovative developments in non-invasive biomedical diagnostics and training methods for astronauts that emerge from this program and are of benefit for people on Earth especially in the aging society. Last but not least in its 5th part it closes with an outlook on the future of space life sciences in the upcoming era of space exploration. The book is intended for students and research scientists in the life sciences and biomedicine as well as for interested lay persons, who wish to get an overview of space life science research: its´ early days, current status and future directions.
    Type of Medium: Online Resource
    Pages: XVII, 155 p. 34 illus., 30 illus. in color. , online resource.
    Edition: 1st ed. 2021.
    ISBN: 9783030740221
    Series Statement: SpringerBriefs in Space Life Sciences,
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74022-1
    DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-74022-1
    DDC: 610.72
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Investigation of ppb-level surface contamination of n-type silicon solar cells (2020)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-08-01
    Print ISSN: 0169-4332
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-5584
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 5
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    Consequences of land-use change and the wildfire disaster of 2017 for the central Chilean biodiversity hotspot (2021)
    Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-01
    Description: Central Chile is an important biodiversity hotspot in Latin America. Biodiversity hotspots are characterised by a high number of endemic species cooccurring with a high level of anthropogenic pressure. In central Chile, the pressure is caused by land-use change, in which near-natural primary and secondary forests are replaced and fragmented by commercial pine and eucalyptus plantations. Large forest fires are another factor that can potentially endanger biodiversity. Usually, environmental hazards, such as wildfires, are part of the regular environmental dynamic and not considered a threat to biodiversity. Nonetheless, this situation may change if land-use change and altered wildfire regimes coerce. Land-use change pressure may destroy landscape integrity in terms of habitat loss and fragmentation, while wildfires may destroy the last remnants of native forests. This study aims to understand the joint effects of land-use change and a catastrophic wildfire on habitat loss and habitat fragmentation of local plant species richness hotspots in central Chile. To achieve this, we apply a combination of ecological fieldwork, remote sensing, and geoprocessing to estimate the spread and spatial patterns of biodiverse habitats under current and past land-use conditions and how these habitats were altered by land-use change and by a single large wildfire event. We show that land-use change has exceeded the wildfire’s impacts on diverse habitats. Despite the fact that the impact of the wildfire was comparably small here, wildfire may coerce with land-use change regarding pressure on biodiversity hotspots. Our findings can be used to develop restoration concepts, targeting on an increase of habitat diversity within currently fire-cleared areas and evaluate their benefits for plant species richness conservation.
    Description: Karlsruher Institut für Technologie (KIT) (4220)
    Keywords: ddc:363.7 ; Wildfire ; Biodiversity hotspot ; Central Chile ; Plantation forestry ; Landscape metrics
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    Optical clock technologies for global navigation satellite systems (2021)
    Springer Berlin Heidelberg
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-23
    Description: Future generations of global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) can benefit from optical technologies. Especially optical clocks could back-up or replace the currently used microwave clocks, having the potential to improve GNSS position determination enabled by their lower frequency instabilities. Furthermore, optical clock technologies—in combination with optical inter-satellite links—enable new GNSS architectures, e.g., by synchronization of distant optical frequency references within the constellation using time and frequency transfer techniques. Optical frequency references based on Doppler-free spectroscopy of molecular iodine are seen as a promising candidate for a future GNSS optical clock. Compact and ruggedized setups have been developed, showing frequency instabilities at the 10–15 level for averaging times between 1 s and 10,000 s. We introduce optical clock technologies for applications in future GNSS and present the current status of our developments of iodine-based optical frequency references.
    Description: DLR
    Description: Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR) (4202)
    Keywords: ddc:526 ; Optical clock ; Iodine reference ; Space instrumentation ; Future GNSS
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    Linking uplift, erosion, and sedimentation using landscape evolution models: Madagascar since the Late Cretaceous (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-16
    Description: We present a study to estimate the large‐scale landscape history of a continental margin, by establishing a source‐to‐sink volume balance between the eroding onshore areas and the offshore basins. Assuming erosion as the primary process for sediment production, we strive to constrain a numerical model of landscape evolution that balances the volumes of eroded materials from the continent and that deposited in the corresponding basins, with a ratio imposed for loss of erosion products. We use this approach to investigate the landscape history of Madagascar since the Late Cretaceous. The uplift history prescribed in the model is inferred from elevations of planation surfaces formed at various ages. By fitting the volumes of terrigenous sediments in the Morondava Basin along the west coast and the current elevation of the island, the landscape evolution model is optimized by constraining the erosion law parameters and ratios of sediment loss. The results include a best‐fit landscape evolution model, which features two major periods of uplift and erosion during the Late Cretaceous and the middle to late Cenozoic. The model supports suggestions from previous studies that most of the high topography of the island was constructed since the middle to late Miocene, and on the central plateau the erosion has not reached an equilibrium with the high uplift rates in the late Cenozoic. Our models also indicate that over the geological time scale a significant portion of materials eroded from Madagascar was not archived in the offshore basin, possibly consumed by chemical weathering, the intensity of which might have varied with climate.
    Description: This paper uses a numerical landscape evolution model to reconstruct the topographic history of Madagascar since the Late Cretaceous. The model is optimised by balancing the volumes of onshore erosion and offshore sedimentation; the former is predicted with erosion laws and based on uplift history inferred from elevated planation surfaces. The modelling results suggest a significant volume loss of materials during the process from erosion to sedimentation, which is likely consumed by chemical weathering. image
    Description: https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-01865476
    Keywords: ddc:551.3 ; chemical weathering ; erosion ; landscape evolution model ; Madagascar ; sedimentary basin ; source to sink
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    Inverting passive margin stratigraphy for marine sediment transport dynamics over geologic time (2022)
    Shobe, Charles M. ; Braun, Jean ; Yuan, Xiaoping ; [et al.]
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-12
    Description: Passive margin stratigraphy contains time‐integrated records of landscapes that have long since vanished. Quantitatively reading the stratigraphic record using coupled landscape evolution and stratigraphic forward models (SFMs) is a promising approach to extracting information about landscape history. However, there is no consensus about the optimal form of simple SFMs because there has been a lack of direct tests against observed stratigraphy in well‐constrained test cases. Specifically, the extent to which SFM behaviour over geologic space and timescales should be governed by local (downslope sediment flux depends only on local slope) versus nonlocal (sediment flux depends on factors other than local slope, such as the history of slopes experienced along a transport pathway) processes is currently unclear. Here, we develop a nonlocal, nonlinear SFM that incorporates slope bypass and long‐distance sediment transport, both of which have been previously identified as important model components but not thoroughly tested. Our model collapses to the local, linear model under certain parameterizations such that best‐fit parameter values can indicate optimal model structure. Comparing 2‐D implementations of both models against seven detailed seismic sections from the Southeast Atlantic Margin, we invert the stratigraphic data for best‐fit model parameter values and demonstrate that best‐fit parameterizations are not compatible with the local, linear diffusion model. Fitting observed stratigraphy requires parameter values consistent with important contributions from slope bypass and long‐distance transport processes. The nonlocal, nonlinear model yields improved fits to the data regardless of whether the model is compared against only the modern bathymetric surface or the full set of seismic reflectors identified in the data. Results suggest that processes of sediment bypass and long‐distance transport are required to model realistic passive margin stratigraphy and are therefore important to consider when inverting the stratigraphic record to infer past perturbations to source regions.
    Description: European Commission http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100000780
    Description: United States National Science Foundation http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100008982
    Description: H2020 Marie Sklodowska‐Curie
    Description: https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.20205077
    Keywords: ddc:551.3 ; Southeast Atlantic Margin ; stratigraphy ; sediment transport ; numerical modeling
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    Risikoadaptierte Prävention (2021)
    Springer Nature
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-12
    Description: Risikoadaptierte Prävention; Governance Perspective; Gesundheitspolitik; deutsches Gesundheitswesen; Systemmedizin; Big Data; bioinformatischer Innovationsschub; genetische Brustkrebsrisiken; Hereditärer Brustkrebs; Prophylaktische Operationen; BRCA; Leistungsanspruch; Medizinrecht
    Keywords: Risikoadaptierte Prävention ; Governance Perspective ; Gesundheitspolitik ; deutsches Gesundheitswesen ; Systemmedizin ; Big Data ; bioinformatischer Innovationsschub ; genetische Brustkrebsrisiken ; Hereditärer Brustkrebs ; Prophylaktische Operationen ; BRCA ; Leistungsanspruch ; Medizinrecht ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBD Medical profession
    Language: German
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  • 10
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    Gaze Regimes (2021)
    Wits University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: Gaze Regimes is a bricolage of essays and interviews showcasing the experiences of women working in film, either directly as practitioners or in other areas such as curators, festival programme directors or fundraisers. It does not shy away from questioning the relations of power in the practice of filmmaking and the power invested in the gaze itself. Who is looking and who is being looked at, who is telling women’s stories in Africa and what governs the mechanics of making those films on the continent? The interviews with film practitioners such as Tsitsi Dangarembga, Taghreed Elsanhouri, Jihan El-Tahri, Anita Khanna, Isabel Noronhe, Arya Lalloo and Shannon Walsh demonstrate the contradictory points of departure of women in film – from their understanding of feminisms in relation to lived-experiences and the realpolitik of women working as cultural practitioners. Jyoti Mistry, Antje Schuhmann, Nobunye Levin, Dorothee Wenner and Christina von Braun are some of the contributors.
    Keywords: Media and Communications ; Africa ; Feminism ; Filmmaking ; South Africa ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AT Performing arts::ATF Films, cinema
    Language: English
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