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  • 2020-2024  (37)
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  • 11
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    Picoeukaryote counts determined from the community sampled at station West and East (PS97) before and after exposure to different Fe and Mn availabilities (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Two Fe-Mn bottle amendment experiments with two natural phytoplankton communities were performed during Polarstern expedition PS97 in 2016 in the Drake Passage. At two locations, sea water was pumped (using trace metals clean techniques) from 25m depth and used to fill polycarbonate bottles after having passed through a cleaned 200 μm mesh (removing large grazers). The Control treatment was the sampled seawater without any trace metals addition while the other three treatments were enriched with either FeCl3 alone (0.5 nM; +Fe treatment) or MnCl2 alone (1 nM; +Mn treatment) or both trace metals together (+FeMn treatment). All treatments were done in triplicate 2,5L PC bottles. All incubation bottles were maintained at 30 μmol photons m-2 s-1 under a 16:8 (light:dark) hour cycle at 1 ̊C. Autotrophic picoeukaryotes were analyzed via flow cytometry. At the start and the end of the experiments, samples were preserved with 10% buffered formalin, flash-frozen in liquid nitrogen, and analyzed flow cytometrically to assess picoplankton densities. Before running the samples, 2 μL beads (Sperotech - Rainbow Fluorescent Particles (RFPs) - 2.11 μm) were added to each treatment as a size and fluorescence reference. Then picoeukaryotes were identified based on side scatter versus FL-3. Three P subgroups (0.2 – 2 μm) were differentiated according to their size : small (P1), medium (P2) and large (P3), according to sub-cluster of events.
    Keywords: ANT-XXXI/3; co-limitation; Drake Passage; Event label; Experiment; Experimental treatment; Flow cytometry; Incubation duration; Membrane pump; MP; Phytoplankton composition; Picoeukaryotes; Polarstern; Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas; PS97; PS97/043-1; PS97/087-4; Scotia Sea; Southern Ocean; SPP1158; trace elements
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 298 data points
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  • 12
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    Concentrations of total dissolved iron (dFe), dissolved manganese (dMn) and chlorophyll a fluorescence determined for 20 in situ stations sampled during PS97 (2016) and PS112 (2018) (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Determination of dissolved trace metals concentration: dFe and dMn concentrations were estimated from the initially sampled seawater. To this end, 100 mL of seawater were filtered through HCl-cleaned polycarbonate filters (0.2 μm pore size) using a TMC Nalgene filtration system and the filtrate was collected into PE bottle and stored triple bagged at 2 ̊C until analysis. Concentrations of the dFe and dMn were determined on a SeaFast system (Elemental Scientific, Omaha, NE, USA) coupled to an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS, Element2, Thermo Fisher Scientific, resolution of R = 2000). During the pre-concentration step, an iminodiacetate (IDA) chelation column (part number CF-N-0200, Elemental Scientific) was used. The pre-filtered seawater samples were acidified to pH=1.7 with a double distilled nitric acid (HNO~3~) and were UV-treated using a 450 W photochemical UV power supply (ACE GLASS Inc., Vineland N. J., USA) to minimize adsorption of TMs onto the bottle walls and to reduce the formation of Mn and Fe hydroxides during storage. During each UV digestion step, two blanks were taken. The ICP-MS was optimized daily to achieve oxide forming rates below 0.3%. Each seawater sample was analyzed via standard addition to minimize any matrix effects, which might influence the quality of the analysis. To assess the accuracy and precision of the method, a NASS-7 (National Research Council of Canada) reference standard was analyzed in a 1:10 dilution (corresponding to environmentally representative concentrations) at the beginning, in the middle and at the end of each run (two batch runs; n = 18). The measured values were in the limits of the certified NASS-7 reference material, with a concentration of 351 ± 26 ng L^-1^ for dFe and 750 ± 60 ng L^-1^ for dMn (mean ± strandard deviation). The detection limits for Mn and Fe were 8.1 pM and 81.8 pM, respectively. Determination of the chlorophyll a fluorescence: For the 18 additional stations, chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements were collected using a Fast Repetition Rate Fluorometer (FRRf) coupled to a FastAct Laboratory system (FastOcean PTX), both from Chelsea Technologies Group. Samples were first dark acclimated for 1h before the meeasurement was perfomed.
    Keywords: ANT-XXXI/3; ANT-XXXIII/3; co-limitation; Date/Time of event; Drake Passage; Event label; Fluorometer, fast repetition rate; FRRF; GOFLO; Go-Flo bottles; ICP-MS, Elemental Scientific, seaFAST; In situ pump; Iron, dissolved; ISP; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; Manganese, dissolved; Membrane pump; Method/Device of event; MP; Photosynthetic efficiency; Phytoplankton composition; Polarstern; Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas; PS112; PS112_106-1; PS112_120-3; PS112_132-3; PS112_17-1; PS112_20-1; PS112_25-50; PS112_26-1; PS112_31-1; PS112_55-5; PS112_61-3; PS112_98-3; PS97; PS97/041-2; PS97/050-1; PS97/052-2; PS97/057-1; PS97/058-1; PS97/070-1; PS97/073-5; PS97/076-3; PS97/091-1; Scotia Sea; Southern Ocean; SPP1158; trace elements; Weddell Sea
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 59 data points
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  • 13
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    Phytoplankton species determination and counts determined from the community sampled at station West and East (PS97) before and after exposure to different Fe and Mn availabilities (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Two Fe-Mn bottle amendment experiments with two natural phytoplankton communities were performed during Polarstern expedition PS97 in 2016 in the Drake Passage. At two locations, sea water was pumped (using trace metals clean techniques) from 25m depth and used to fill polycarbonate bottles after having passed through a cleaned 200 μm mesh (removing large grazers). The Control treatment was the sampled seawater without any trace metals addition while the other three treatments were enriched with either FeCl3 alone (0.5 nM; +Fe treatment) or MnCl2 alone (1 nM; +Mn treatment) or both trace metals together (+FeMn treatment). All treatments were done in triplicate 2,5L PC bottles. All incubation bottles were maintained at 30 μmol photons m-2 s-1 under a 16:8 (light:dark) hour cycle at 1 ̊C. To determine the effects of the different treatments on the microplankton composition for the two Fe-Mn enrichment experiments, unfiltered seawater was collected at the start and the end of both experiments for later analysis via light microscopy in the home laboratory. Briefly, samples were fixed with hexamine-buffered formalin solution (2% final concentration) and Lugol's solution (1% final concentration) and stored at 2 °C in the dark until taxonomic analysis. All samples were allowed to settle in Utermöhl sedimentation chambers for at least 24 hours and were analyzed on an inverted light microscope, according to the method of Utermöhl (1958). Species were counted and identified according to taxonomic literature. Each aliquot was examined until at least 400 cells had been counted.
    Keywords: ANT-XXXI/3; Chaetoceros sp.; co-limitation; Drake Passage; Event label; Experiment; Experimental treatment; Fragilariopsis sp.; Incubation duration; Light microscopy (Utermöhl 1958); Membrane pump; MP; Phaeocystis antarctica; Phytoplankton composition; Polarstern; Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas; PS97; PS97/043-1; PS97/087-4; Pseudo-nitzschia sp.; Scotia Sea; Southern Ocean; SPP1158; trace elements
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 180 data points
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  • 14
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    Seawater carbonate chemistry and photophysiology, growth, carbon production, and cellular pigment and trace metal quotas of the Antarctic phytoplankton Geminigera cryophila and Pseudo‐nitzschia subcurvata (2022)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-22
    Keywords: Alkalinity, total; Alkalinity, total, standard deviation; Alloxanthin; Alloxanthin, standard deviation; Aragonite saturation state; Bicarbonate ion; Biomass/Abundance/Elemental composition; Bottles or small containers/Aquaria (〈20 L); Calcite saturation state; Calculated using CO2SYS; Calculated using seacarb after Nisumaa et al. (2010); Carbon, inorganic, dissolved; Carbon, inorganic, dissolved, standard deviation; Carbon, organic, particulate; Carbon, organic, particulate, standard deviation; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio; Carbon/Nitrogen ratio, standard deviation; Carbonate ion; Carbonate system computation flag; Carbon dioxide; Chlorophyll a; Chlorophyll a, standard deviation; Chlorophyll c2; Chlorophyll c2, standard deviation; Chromista; Cobalt/Carbon ratio; Cobalt/Carbon ratio, standard deviation; Connectivity between photosystem II; Connectivity between photosystem II, standard deviation; Copper/Carbon ratio; Copper/Carbon ratio, standard deviation; Cryptophyta; Diadinoxanthin; Diadinoxanthin, standard deviation; Electron transport rate, absolute; Electron transport rate, absolute, standard deviation; Elemental analyzer, HEKAtechGmbH, Euro EA; Fluorometer, fast repetition rate; FRRF; Fucoxanthin; Fucoxanthin, standard deviation; Fugacity of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Functional absorption cross sections of photosystem II reaction centers; Functional absorption cross sections of photosystem II reaction centers, standard deviation; Functional photosystem II reaction centers; Functional photosystem II reaction centers, standard deviation; Geminigera cryophila; Growth/Morphology; Growth rate, standard deviation; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS), Attom, Nu Instruments; Inorganic toxins; Iron, cellular quota; Iron, cellular quota, standard deviation; Iron/Carbon ratio; Iron/Carbon ratio, standard deviation; Irradiance; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory strains; Light microscopy (Utermöhl 1958); Light saturation point; Light saturation point, standard deviation; Light use efficiency; Light use efficiency, standard deviation; Manganese/Carbon ratio; Manganese/Carbon ratio, standard deviation; Maximal electron transport rate; Maximal electron transport rate, standard deviation; Maximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II; Maximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II, recovery; Maximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II, recovery, standard deviation; Maximum photochemical quantum yield of photosystem II, standard deviation; Nitrogen, organic, particulate; Non photochemical quenching; Non photochemical quenching, standard deviation; Not applicable; OA-ICC; Ocean Acidification International Coordination Centre; Ochrophyta; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide, standard deviation; Partial pressure of carbon dioxide (water) at sea surface temperature (wet air); Particulate organic carbon, production, standard deviation; Particulate organic nitrogen production, standard deviation; Pelagos; pH; pH, standard deviation; Phosphate; Phytoplankton; Phytoplankton growth rate; Potentiometric; Potentiometric titration; Primary production/Photosynthesis; Production of particulate organic carbon; Pseudo-nitzschia subcurvata; Reverse phase HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography); Salinity; Silicate; Single species; Species, unique identification; Species, unique identification (Semantic URI); Species, unique identification (URI); Temperature, water; Treatment: dissolved iron; Treatment: partial pressure of carbon dioxide; Type; Zinc/Carbon ratio; Zinc/Carbon ratio, standard deviation
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 8948 data points
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  • 15
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    Phytoplankton species composition under Fe and Mn limitation in the Drake Passage (2021)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-13
    Description: This study highlights the importance of manganese (Mn) next to iron (Fe) for growth of specific Southern Ocean phytoplankton groups. Two Fe-Mn bottle amendment experiments with two natural phytoplankton communities were performed during Polarstern expedition PS97 in 2016 in the Drake Passage. At two locations, sea water was pumped (using trace metals clean techniques) from 25m depth and used to fill polycarbonate bottles after having passed through a cleaned 200 μm mesh (removing large grazers). The Control treatment was the sampled seawater without any trace metals addition while the other three treatments were enriched with either FeCl3 alone (0.5 nM; +Fe treatment) or MnCl2 alone (1 nM; +Mn treatment) or both trace metals together (+FeMn treatment). All treatments were done in triplicate 2,5L PC bottles. All incubation bottles were maintained at 30 μmol photons m-2 s-1 under a 16:8 (light:dark) hour cycle at 1 ̊C. After on average 15 days, samples for chlorophyll a content, flow cytometry and light macroscopy were taken in order to detect FeMn co-limitation effect on species composition. In addition to the two experiments, 9 in situ stations of PS97 were also sampled for dissolved Fe, dissolved Mn as well as photophysiology and to complete this dataset, data from PS112 (2018) were also used. The results showed that only some members of the phytoplankton community were Fe-Mn co-limited, with the biogeochemical important diatom group Fragilariopsis and one subgroup of picoeukaryotes.
    Keywords: co-limitation; Phytoplankton composition; Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas; Southern Ocean; SPP1158; trace elements
    Type: Dataset
    Format: application/zip, 4 datasets
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  • 16
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    Cell growth and Particulate Organic Carbon / Nitrogen content of Phaeocystis antarctica after exposure to different Fe and Mn availabilities at the end of the experiment (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Cell counts and POC/PON content of P.antartica for the 4 different treatments were determined at the beginning and at the end of the experiment. The cell density and size were determined using a Beckman MultisizerTM 3 Coulter Counter® with a 100 μm aperture. For the POC/PON, 250 mL of water were filtered onto pre-combusted glass-fiber filters (15h, 500 ̊C, GF/F, ~0.6 μm, 25 mm, Whatman, Wisconsin, USA) and stored at -20°C in pre-combusted glass petri dishes. Prior to analysis with an Euro Elemental Analyzer 3000 CHNS-O (HEKAtech GmbH), the filters were dried for 〉 12h at 60 °C and then acidified with 200 μL of 0.2N HCL to remove inorganic carbon and dried a second time. Contents of POC and PON were corrected for blank measurements and normalized to filtered volume and cell densities to yield cellular quotas.
    Keywords: ANT-XXXIII/3; Carbon, organic, particulate; carbon fixation; Coulter counter, Beckman Coulter, Multisizer 3; Drake Passage; Element analyser Euro EA 3000; Experiment day; Fe:C ratio; growth; In situ pump; iron; ISP; manganese; Nitrogen, organic, particulate; Phaeocystis antarctica; photophysiology; Phytoplankton; Polarstern; PS112; PS112_26-1; Southern Ocean; Trace metal; Treatment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 120 data points
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  • 17
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    Intracellular trace metals content of iron and manganese of Phaeocystis antarctica after exposure to different Fe and Mn availabilities at the end of the experiment (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: For determination of the cellular trace metal content, at the end of the experiment 400 mL of water were filtered onto 0.2 μm TMC-cleaned polycarbonate filters (EMD Millipore, Darmstadt, Germany) and then rinsed for 15 min with a 0.1 M oxalic acid wash to remove cell surface bound trace metals. Finally, the filters were rinsed with filtered seawater and stored in 5 mL TMC polyfluoralkoxy vials until further analysis. Samples were analyzed with an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) following a digestion with nitric acid (HNO3) and HF.
    Keywords: ANT-XXXIII/3; carbon fixation; Drake Passage; Fe:C ratio; growth; ICP-MS; Inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry; In situ pump; iron; Iron, cellular quota; ISP; manganese; Manganese, cellular quota; photophysiology; Phytoplankton; Polarstern; PS112; PS112_26-1; Southern Ocean; Trace metal; Treatment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 48 data points
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  • 18
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    Photophysiolgical parameters of Phaeocystis antarctica after exposure to different Fe and Mn availabilities at the end of the experiment (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Chlorophyll a fluorescence measurements were performed using a Fast Repetition Rate fluorometer (FRRf) coupled to a FastAct Laboratory system (FastOcean PTX, both from Chelsea Technologies Group at the start and the end of the experiment. The excitation wavelengths of the fluorometer's LEDs were 450 nm, 530 nm and 624 nm and the light intensity was automatically adjusted between 0.66–1.2 x 1022 photons m-2 s-1. The parameters were determined after 10 min of dark acclimation.
    Keywords: ANT-XXXIII/3; carbon fixation; Connectivity between photosystem II; Connectivity between photosystem II, standard deviation; Drake Passage; Electron transport rate of photosystem II, per cell; Electron transport rate of photosystem II, standard deviation; Fe:C ratio; Functional absorption cross sections of photosystem II reaction centers; Functional photosystem II reaction centers; Functional photosystem II reaction centers, standard deviation; growth; In situ pump; iron; ISP; Light saturation point; Light saturation point, standard deviation; manganese; Maximum light utilization efficiency; Maximum light utilization efficiency, standard deviation; Photochemical quantum yield; Photochemical quantum yield, standard deviation; photophysiology; Phytoplankton; Polarstern; PS112; PS112_26-1; Southern Ocean; Time constant for electron transfer at Photosystem II; Time constant for electron transfer at Photosystem II, standard deviation; Trace metal; Treatment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 68 data points
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  • 19
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    Concentrations of total dissolved iron and dissolved manganese measured for the four different mediums used for the experiment without Phaeocystis antarctica cells (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: Total dissolved Fe (dFe) and Mn (dMn) concentrations were determined in the culture medium (without cells). To this end, 100 mL of seawater were filtered through HCl-cleaned polycarbonate filters (0.2 μm pore size, EMD Millipore, Darmstadt, Germany) using a TMC filtration system and the filtrate collected in a HCl-cleaned polyethylene bottle, which was stored triple bagged at 2 ̊C for analysis. Concentrations of total dFe and dMn were determined on a SeaFast system (Elemental Scientific, Omaha, NE, USA; (Hathorne et al., 2012; Rapp et al., 2017)) coupled to an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer (ICP-MS, Element2, Thermo Fisher Scientific, resolution of 2000).
    Keywords: ANT-XXXIII/3; carbon fixation; Comment; Drake Passage; Fe:C ratio; growth; ICP-MS, Elemental Scientific, seaFAST; In situ pump; iron; Iron, dissolved; ISP; manganese; Manganese, dissolved; photophysiology; Phytoplankton; Polarstern; PS112; PS112_26-1; Southern Ocean; Trace metal; Treatment
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 56 data points
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  • 20
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    Effect of iron and manganese supply on a natural phytoplankton community of the Weddell Sea and further consequence for carbon export (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-26
    Description: This study highlights the importance of manganese (Mn) next to iron (Fe) for the growth of specific Southern Ocean phytoplankton groups with important implications for carbon export in the Weddell Sea. A Fe-Mn bottle amendment experiment and an aggregation experiment were performed with a natural phytoplankton community during Polarstern expedition PS124 in 2021 in the Weddell Sea. At this location, seawater was pumped (using trace metals clean techniques) from 25 m depth to fill polycarbonate bottles. The Control treatment consist of the sampled seawater without any trace metals addition, while the other three treatments were enriched with either FeCl₃ alone (0.5 nM; +Fe treatment) or MnCl₂ alone (1 nM; +Mn treatment) or both trace metals together (+FeMn treatment). All treatments were done in triplicate 2.5 L PC bottles. After on average 7 days, samples for chlorophyll a content, particulate organic carbon and primary production were taken to detect FeMn co-limitation effect on species composition, primary production and carbon export. Results showed that when Fe and Mn were added together, primary production rates were highest due to an increased abundance of the prymnesiophyte Phaeocystis antarctica. This change within the phytoplankton community led to highly carbon-enriched aggregates and a four-fold increase in the carbon export potential compared to the doubling in the only Fe treatment. Our findings highlight that even small changes in plankton community composition can have significant effects on the carbon export potential of the Southern Ocean, a region of critical importance for anthropogenic carbon dioxide drawdown.
    Keywords: Aggregation; Carbon, organic, particulate, population yield; Carbon and hydrogen and nitrogen and sulfur and oxygen (CHNSO) elemental analyzer, EuroVector, EA3000; carbon export; Chlorophyll a; Event label; GPF 19-2_039, COSMUS; Incubation duration; In situ pump; iron; ISP; Laboratory experiment; Laboratory fluorometer, Turner, Trilogy; Liquid scintillation analyzer (LSA), Perkin Elmer, Tri-Carb 2900TR; manganese; OceanFloor_EUI; Phytoplankton; Polarstern; Primary production of carbon; Priority Programme 1158 Antarctic Research with Comparable Investigations in Arctic Sea Ice Areas; PS124; PS124_68-1; RV Polarstern; Size fraction; SPP1158; The Ocean Floor – Earth's Uncharted Interface; Treatment: nutrients; Type of study; Weddell Sea; Weddel Sea
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 99 data points
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