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  • Springer  (482)
  • Oxford University Press  (116)
  • 2020-2024  (142)
  • 1940-1944  (456)
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  • 1
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    Erratum to: Search for squarks and gluinos in final states with one isolated lepton, jets, and missing transverse momentum at $$sqrt{s}=13$$ TeV with the ATLAS detector (2021)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-10-01
    Description: A correction to this paper has been published: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-021-09344-w
    Print ISSN: 1434-6044
    Electronic ISSN: 1434-6052
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 2
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    Search for squarks and gluinos in final states with one isolated lepton, jets, and missing transverse momentum at $$sqrt{s}=13$$ TeV with the ATLAS detector (2021)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-01
    Description: The results of a search for gluino and squark pair production with the pairs decaying via the lightest charginos into a final state consisting of two W bosons, the lightest neutralinos ($$ilde{chi }^0_1$$ χ ~ 1 0 ), and quarks, are presented: the signal is characterised by the presence of a single charged lepton ($$e^{pm }$$ e ± or $$mu ^{pm }$$ μ ± ) from a W boson decay, jets, and missing transverse momentum. The analysis is performed using 139 fb$$^{-1}$$ - 1 of proton–proton collision data taken at a centre-of-mass energy $$sqrt{s}=13$$ s = 13   delivered by the Large Hadron Collider and recorded by the ATLAS experiment. No statistically significant excess of events above the Standard Model expectation is found. Limits are set on the direct production of squarks and gluinos in simplified models. Masses of gluino (squark) up to 2.2  (1.4 ) are excluded at 95% confidence level for a light $$ilde{chi }^0_1$$ χ ~ 1 0 .
    Print ISSN: 1434-6044
    Electronic ISSN: 1434-6052
    Topics: Physics
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  • 3
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    Dark Energy Survey Year 3 Results: Deep Field optical + near-infrared images and catalogue (2021)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-10-27
    Description: We describe the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Deep Fields, a set of images and associated multi-wavelength catalogue (ugrizJHKs) built from Dark Energy Camera (DECam) and Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy (VISTA) data. The DES Deep Fields comprise 11 fields (10 DES supernova fields plus COSMOS), with a total area of ∼30 square degrees in ugriz bands and reaching a maximum i-band depth of 26.75 (AB, 10σ, 2″). We present a catalogue for the DES 3-year cosmology analysis of those four fields with full 8-band coverage, totalling 5.88 sq. deg. after masking. Numbering 2.8million objects (1.6million post masking), our catalogue is drawn from images coadded to consistent depths of r = 25.7, i = 25, z = 24.3 mag. We use a new model-fitting code, built upon established methods, to deblend sources and ensure consistent colours across the u-band to Ks-band wavelength range. We further detail the tight control we maintain over the point-spread function modelling required for the model fitting, astrometry and consistency of photometry between the four fields. The catalogue allows us to perform a careful star-galaxy separation and produces excellent photometric redshift performance (NMAD = 0.023 at i 〈 23). The Deep-Fields catalogue will be made available as part of the cosmology data products release, following the completion of the DES 3-year weak lensing and galaxy clustering cosmology work.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society.
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  • 4
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    Dark energy survey year 3 results: Galaxy sample for BAO measurement (2021)
    Oxford University Press
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    Publication Date: 2021-10-27
    Description: In this paper we present and validate the galaxy sample used for the analysis of the Baryon Acoustic Oscillation signal (BAO) in the Dark Energy Survey (DES) Y3 data. The definition is based on a colour and redshift-dependent magnitude cut optimized to select galaxies at redshifts higher than 0.5, while ensuring a high quality determination. The sample covers ∼ 4100 square degrees to a depth of i = 22.3 (AB) at 10σ. It contains 7,031,993 galaxies in the redshift range from z= 0.6 to 1.1, with a mean effective redshift of 0.835. Redshifts are estimated with the machine learning algorithm DNF, and are validated using the VIPERS PDR2 sample. We find a mean redshift bias of zbias ∼  0.01 and a mean uncertainty, in units of 1 + z, of σ68 ∼  0.03. We evaluate the galaxy population of the sample, showing it is mostly built upon Elliptical to Sbc types. Furthermore, we find a low level of stellar contamination of $lesssim 4{{ m per cent}}$. We present the method used to mitigate the effect of spurious clustering coming from observing conditions and other large-scale systematics. We apply it to the BAO sampleand calculate weights that are used to get a robust estimate of the galaxy clustering signal. This paper is one of a series dedicated to the analysis of the BAO signal in DES Y3. In the companion papers we present the galaxy mock catalogues used to calibrate the analysis and the angular diameter distance constraints obtained through the fitting to the BAO scale.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society.
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  • 5
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    Galaxy-galaxy lensing with the DES-CMASS catalogue: measurement and constraints on the galaxy-matter cross-correlation (2021)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-10-28
    Description: The DMASS sample is a photometric sample from the DES Year 1 data set designed to replicate the properties of the CMASS sample from BOSS, in support of a joint analysis of DES and BOSS beyond the small overlapping area. In this paper, we present the measurement of galaxy-galaxy lensing using the DMASS sample as gravitational lenses in the DES Y1 imaging data. We test a number of potential systematics that can bias the galaxy-galaxy lensing signal, including those from shear estimation, photometric redshifts, and observing conditions. After careful systematic tests, we obtain a highly significant detection of the galaxy-galaxy lensing signal, with total S/N = 25.7. With the measured signal, we assess the feasibility of using DMASS as gravitational lenses equivalent to CMASS, by estimating the galaxy-matter cross-correlation coefficient rcc. By jointly fitting the galaxy-galaxy lensing measurement with the galaxy clustering measurement from CMASS, we obtain $r_{ m cc}=1.09^{+0.12}_{-0.11}$ for the scale cut of 4h−1 Mpc and $r_{ m cc}=1.06^{+0.13}_{-0.12}$ for 12h−1 Mpc in fixed cosmology. By adding the angular galaxy clustering of DMASS, we obtain rcc = 1.06 ± 0.10 for the scale cut of 4h−1 Mpc and rcc = 1.03 ± 0.11 for 12h−1 Mpc. The resulting values of rcc indicate that the lensing signal of DMASS is statistically consistent with the one that would have been measured if CMASS had populated the DES region within the given statistical uncertainty. The measurement of galaxy-galaxy lensing presented in this paper will serve as part of the data vector for the forthcoming cosmology analysis in preparation.
    Print ISSN: 0035-8711
    Electronic ISSN: 1365-2966
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of The Royal Astronomical Society.
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  • 6
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    Probing the explanation of the muon (g-2) anomaly and thermal light dark matter with the semi-visible dark photon channel (2021)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-10-01
    Description: We report the results of a search for a new vector boson ($$ A'$$ A ′ ) decaying into two dark matter particles $$chi _1 chi _2$$ χ 1 χ 2 of different mass. The heavier $$chi _2$$ χ 2 particle subsequently decays to $$chi _1$$ χ 1 and an off-shell Dark Photon $$ A'^* ightarrow e^+e^-$$ A ′ ∗ → e + e - . For a sufficiently large mass splitting, this model can explain in terms of new physics the recently confirmed discrepancy observed in the muon anomalous magnetic moment at Fermilab. Remarkably, it also predicts the observed yield of thermal dark matter relic abundance. A detailed Monte-Carlo simulation was used to determine the signal yield and detection efficiency for this channel in the NA64 setup. The results were obtained re-analyzing the previous NA64 searches for an invisible decay $$A' ightarrow chi overline{chi }$$ A ′ → χ χ ¯ and axion-like or pseudo-scalar particles $$a ightarrow gamma gamma $$ a → γ γ . With this method, we exclude a significant portion of the parameter space justifying the muon g-2 anomaly and being compatible with the observed dark matter relic density for $$A'$$ A ′ masses from 2$$m_e$$ m e up to 390 MeV and mixing parameter $$varepsilon $$ ε between $$3imes 10^{-5}$$ 3 × 10 - 5 and $$2imes 10^{-2}$$ 2 × 10 - 2 .
    Print ISSN: 1434-6044
    Electronic ISSN: 1434-6052
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 7
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    Building Better Interfaces for Remote Autonomous Systems (2021)
    Springer Nature | Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: This 'Open Access' SpringerBrief provides foundational knowledge for designing autonomous, asynchronous systems and explains aspects of users relevant to designing for these systems, introduces principles for user-centered design, and prepares readers for more advanced and specific readings. It provides context and the implications for design choices made during the design and development of the complex systems that are part of operation centers. As such, each chapter includes principles to summarize the design implication that engineers can use to inform their own design of interfaces for operation centers and similar systems. It includes example materials for the design of a fictitious system, which are referenced in the book and can be duplicated and extended for real systems. The design materials include a system overview, the system architecture, an example scenario, a stakeholder analysis, a task analysis, a description of the system and interface technology, and contextualized design guidelines. The guidelines can be specified because the user, the task, and the technology are well specified as an example. Building Better Interfaces for Remote Autonomous Systems is for working system engineers who are designing interfaces used in high throughput, high stake, operation centers (op centers) or control rooms, such as network operation centers (NOCs). Intended users will have a technical undergraduate degree (e.g., computer science) with little or no training in design, human sciences, or with human-centered iterative design methods and practices. Background research for the book was supplemented by interaction with the intended audience through a related project with L3Harris Technologies (formerly Harris Corporation).
    Keywords: User Interfaces and Human Computer Interaction ; Software Engineering ; Autonomous Systems ; User-Centered Design ; Operation Centres ; Interface Technology ; Human-Centered Design ; Open Access ; User interface design & usability ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science::UYZ Human–computer interaction::UYZG User interface design and usability ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UM Computer programming / software engineering::UMZ Software Engineering
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    Political Settlements and Development (2022)
    Oxford University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-09-06
    Description: Few concepts have captured the imagination of the conflict and development communities in recent years as powerfully as the idea of a ‘political settlement’. At its most ambitious, ‘political settlements analysis’ (PSA) promises to explain why conflicts occur and states collapse, the conditions for their successful rehabilitation, different developmental pathways from peace, and how to better fit development policy to country context. Yet despite the meteoric rise of the term and its tremendous promise, not all is well in the world of PSA. Rival definitions of the concept abound; there are disagreements about its scope and the way it should be used; a growing schism between conflict specialists and economists; basic concepts are ambiguous; and little progress has been made on measurement. This book consequently has three main aims. The first is to argue for a revised definition of a political settlement, capable of unifying its diverse strands. The second is to put the concept on a more solid theoretical and scientific footing, providing a method for measuring and categorizing political settlements, using both qualitative case studies and a large-n statistical analysis to illustrate its potential. And the third is to examine the implications of the findings for mainstream social science analysis and for policymakers.
    Keywords: Government Policy, Provision and Effects of Welfare Programmes, Economic Development, Development Planning and Policy, Rent-Seeking, Lobbying, Elections, Legislatures, and Voting Behavior, Bureaucracy, Administrative Processes in Public Organizations, Corruption, Conflict, Conflict Resolution, Alliances, Revolutions, Positive Analysis of Policy Formulation and Implementation, Political Economy ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCP Political economy ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCM Development economics & emerging economies ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCS Economic systems & structures
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    On the path to AI (2021)
    Springer Nature | Springer
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    Publication Date: 2021-02-10
    Description: This open access book explores machine learning and its impact on how we make sense of the world. It does so by bringing together two ‘revolutions’ in a surprising analogy: the revolution of machine learning, which has placed computing on the path to artificial intelligence, and the revolution in thinking about the law that was spurred by Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr in the last two decades of the 19th century. Holmes reconceived law as prophecy based on experience, prefiguring the buzzwords of the machine learning age—prediction based on datasets. On the path to AI introduces readers to the key concepts of machine learning, discusses the potential applications and limitations of predictions generated by machines using data, and informs current debates amongst scholars, lawyers and policy makers on how it should be used and regulated wisely. Technologists will also find useful lessons learned from the last 120 years of legal grappling with accountability, explainability, and biased data.
    Keywords: Science and Technology Studies ; Human Geography ; IT Law, Media Law, Intellectual Property ; Artificial Intelligence ; AI ; Machine learning ; artificial intelligence ; 'big data' ; probability theory ; history of ideas ; legal interpretation ; Transhumanism ; Futurism ; Oliver Wendell Holmes Jr ; Wendell Holmes Jr. ; legal philosophy ; machine bias ; algorithmic bias ; Open Access ; Sociology ; Human geography ; Entertainment & media law ; Artificial intelligence ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHB Sociology ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography::RGC Human geography ; bic Book Industry Communication::L Law::LN Laws of Specific jurisdictions::LNJ Entertainment & media law ; bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UY Computer science::UYQ Artificial intelligence
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    Effective Theories in Physics (2022)
    Springer Nature | Springer
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: This open access book… There is significant interest in the Philosophy of Science community to understand the role that "effective theories" have in the work of forefront science. The ideas of effective theories have been implicit in science for a long time, but have only been articulated well in the last few decades. Since Wilson's renormalization group revolution in the early 1970's, the science community has come to more fully understand its power, and by the mid-1990's it had gained its apotheosis. It is still one of the most powerful concepts in science, which has direct impact in how one thinks about and formulates theories of nature. It is this power that this Brief sets out to emphasize through historical analysis and current examples. This is an open access book.
    Keywords: Effectiv field theory ; Effective action ; Effective theories ; Naturalness and fine-tuning in theoretical physics ; Phenomenology ; Renormalization group ; Symmetries in Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHU Mathematical physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues::PDX History of science ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues::PDA Philosophy of science
    Language: English
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