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Human surface electrogastrograms: AC and DC measurements (1984)

Myers, Thomas J. ; Bass, Paul ; Webster, John G. ; [et al.]

Springer

Annals of biomedical engineering 12 (1984), S. 319-333

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ISSN: 1573-9686

Keywords: Electrogastrogram ; Electrodes ; Biopotentials ; Models

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Medicine , Technology

Notes: Abstract Both ac and dc abdominal electrical recordings were made on fasted and fed human subjects using a spatial array of 18 cutaneous, biopotential electrodes. Controlled skin puncture minimized cutaneous potentials. Pregelling electrodes minimized drift. The recording sessions were between two and three hours in length. We determined the optimal location for ac recording of a 3 cpm wave at a location on the midline approximately 5 cm below the xiphoid process. Seven cpm waves were also observed in one individual at the same location. The dc values were fed into a Hewlett Packard 1000 computer which interpolated the intermediate values and plotted twodimensional contour plots which were examined visually. The right abdominal surface was typically 1.8 mV more negative than the left for prefeeding. The left abdominal surface was typically 4.6 mV more negative than the right for postfeeding. We propose an electrical model that explains these results during the fasted state.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02407776

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Ceric-initiated polymerization onto polyacrylonitrile with carbohydrate end groups. Graft versus block copolymer formation (1983)

Fanta, George F. ; Burr, Robert C. ; Doane, W. M.

New York : Wiley-Blackwell

Journal of Polymer Science: Polymer Chemistry Edition 21 (1983), S. 2095-2100

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ISSN: 0360-6376

Keywords: Physics ; Polymer and Materials Science

Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology

Notes: Starch-g-polyacrylonitrile (starch-g-PAN) copolymers were prepared by ceric ammonium nitrate initiation, and the major portion of the starch in these graft copolymers was then removed by acid hydrolysis to yield PAN with oligosaccharide end groups. Although these PAN-oligosaccharide samples reacted with methyl methacrylate in the presence of ceric ammonium nitrate, the resulting products were largely graft copolymers rather than the expected PAN-poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) block copolymers. The following evidence is presented for a PAN-g-PMMA structure: (i) PAN without oligosaccharide end groups also produced a copolymer with methyl methacrylate under our reaction conditions. (ii) Starch-g-PAN (51 or 37% add-on) was a less reactive substrate toward ceric-initiated polymerization than PAN with oligosaccharide end groups. (iii) Low-add-on (18%) starch-g-PAN reacted with methyl methacrylate to give a final graft copolymer in which a large percentage of PMMA was grafted to the PAN component rather than to starch.

Additional Material: 2 Tab.