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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (65)
  • 2020-2024
  • 1980-1984  (38)
  • 1970-1974  (20)
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  • 1955-1959  (1)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 14 (1972), S. 915-938 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The integro-differential growth model of Eakman, Fredriekson, and Tsuehiya has been employed to fit cell size distribution data for Schizosaccharomyces pombe grown in a chemostat under severe product inhibition by ethanol. The distributions were obtained with a Coulter aperture and an electronic system patterned after that of Harvey and Marr. Four parameters - mean cell division size, cell division size standard deviation, daughter cell size standard deviation, and a growth rate coefficient - were calculated for models where the cell growth rate was inversely proportional to size, constant, and proportional to size. A fourth model, one where sigmoidal growth behavior was simulated by two linear growth segments, was also investigated. Linear and sigmoidal models fit the distribution data best. While the mean cell division size remained relatively constant at all growth rates, standard deviation of division size distribution increased with increasing holding times. Standard deviation of the daughter size distribution remained small at all dilution rates. Unlike previous findings with other organisms, the average cell size of Schizosaccharomyces pobme increased at low growth rates.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 2
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The temperature- and pressure-dependent equilibria for the addition of an extra N, N-dimethylforrnamide (DMF) or trimethylphosphate (TMP) ligand onto [Nd (DMF)8]3+- and [Nd(TMP)6]3+-species respectively have been measured by visible spectrophotometry. Complementary NMR. studies on other lanthanide ions show a gradual shift in preference for the lower coordination number across the lanthanide series.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Volumes of activation for the base hydrolysis of the dichromate anion have been measured at 298.2 K, using high-pressure stopped-flow spectrophotometry. The values of ΔV* (cm3 · mol-1), - 17.9 ± 0.6, - 19.2 ± 0.9, - 24.9 ± 0.9 and - 26.0 ± 0.7 for OH-, NH3, H2O and 2,6-lutidine, respectively, are consistent with an interchange mechanism with associative activation mode (Ia).
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 54 (1982), S. 1079-1079 
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Thermische Nachverbrennung ; Schadstoff-Beseitigung ; Strömungsrohr-Reaktor ; Essigsäureethylester ; Regression nach Marquardt ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 175 (1974), S. 2635-2655 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Die Temperaturabhängigkeit der Röntgenkleinwinkelstreuung, der absoluten Streukraft und der Dimensionen der Einheitszelle wurden für eine Reihe von 1,3,5-Trioxan - 1,3-Dioxolan Copolymeren gemessen. Der Vergleich dieser Werte mit den von Wilski an den gleichen Proben gemessenen spezifischen Volumina zeigte, daß die Struktur dieser Copolymeren in guter Näherung durch ein Zweiphasenmodell beschrieben werden kann.Die bei Temperaturerhöhung stattfindenden Änderungen der Streukraft, der Langperiode und des Kristallisationsgrades sind reversibel, so lange die ursprüngliche Temper-Temperatur nicht überschritten wird. Die Intensitätsänderungen der Röntgenkleinwinkelstreuung und das Anwachsen der Langperiode lassen sich nicht auf die thermische Ausdhnung zurückführen. Zur Deutung muß man die bekannte Erscheinung des partiellen Schmelzens heranziehen. Verschiedene Modelle für die beim partiellen Schmelzen stattfindenden Strukturänderungen werden diskutiert.
    Notes: The temperature dependences of the absolute small angle X-ray scattering powers and of the unit cell spacings of a series of 1,3,5-trioxane - 1,3-dioxolane copolymers were measured. From a comparison of these data and of the specific volume values measured by Wilski it is concluded that values of crystallinity calculated in a conventional manner provide meaningful parameters when discussing the microstructure of these materials.The measurements were made on annealed samples. At temperatures below the original annealing temperatures changes in small angle scattering power, long periods and crystallinities of the samples were observed. These changes were reversible with temperature and were too large to be explained by thermal expansion. It is concluded that the copolymers display the phenomenon known as partial melting. Possible structural explanations of this effect are examined.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York : Wiley-Blackwell
    Die Makromolekulare Chemie 175 (1974), S. 3207-3223 
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Description / Table of Contents: Das Verhalten der Viskositätszahl von Fraktionen niedrigen Molekulargewichtes ataktischer Polyacrylsäure bei 50% und 100% Neutralisation und verschiedenen Konzentrationen hinzugefügten Natriumchlorids wird untersucht. In salzfreier Lösung nimmt das 100%ig neutralisierte Polymere die Gestalt eines starren Stäbchens an. Die Ergebnisse bei NaCl-Konzentrationen über 0,02mol/l lassen sich durch ein undurchspültes statistisches Knäuel interpretieren.Die Werte von KΘ werden nach der Methode von Stockmayer-Fixman bestimmt. Dabei nimmt KΘ für Polyacrylsäure in Dioxan von der zu 50% neutralisierten Form in 0,5M Natriumchloridlösung zu der zu 100% neutralisierten Form in 1,5 M Natriumchloridlösung zu. Dies weist darauf hin, daß ein Effekt kurzreichender elektrischer Kräfte auch am Θ-Punkt weiterbesteht.
    Notes: The intrinsic viscosities of low molecular weight fractions of atactic poly(acrylic acid) at 50% and 100% neutralization and at several concentrations of added sodium chloride is studied. In salt-free solutions the 100% neutralized polymer assumes the rigid rod form. The results at concentrations of sodium chloride higher than 0,02 mol/l can be interpreted in terms of a non-draining random coil polymer.The values of KΘ are determined using the Stockmayer-Fixman method; there is an increase in KΘ on going from poly(acrylic acid) in dioxane through the 50% neutralized form in 0,5M sodium chloride solution to the 100% neutralized form in 1,5M sodium chloride solution, indicating the continued effect of short-range electrical forces at the Θ-point.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 0025-116X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
    Notes: Whereas the radiation-induced polymerization of crystalline barium methacrylate monohydrate has been well established there have been conflicting reports concerning barium methacrylate anhydrate. We have now shown that the yields of high molecular weight polymer are negligible if adequate precautions are taken to prevent polymerization occurring during the separation of polymer from residual monomer. However, monomer losses of up to 80% have been observed by titration of C=C bonds with bromine and confirmed by decreases in the appropriate infrared absorptions. X-ray diffraction studies showed that the crystalline lattice was largely destroyed during the reaction. ESR spectra indicate that initial trapped radicals are converted into propagating radicals with a different conformation than has been reported for the monohydrate.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 14 (1972), S. 75-92 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The bacterium Acetobacter suboyxdans and the yeast Saccharomyces carlsbergensis have been grown together on a synthetic medium in a chemostat. Mannitol, the only carbon source fed to the fermenter, is oxidized by the bacteria to fructose. The yeast, which cannot attack mannitol, breaks down the fructose nearly completely. Eight steady states and five transitory periods after changes in flow rate have been analyzed to study the kinetics of the mixed culture. Separate cell concentrations were determined by a modified Coulter counter apparatus. Both sugars were monitored. Both bacteria and yeast may be modeled using Monod's equation, the latter with some deviations. The yeast is unable to grow beyond the washout point of the bacteria, even though its maximum growth rate is much higher. The yield of both organisms decreases with increasing dilution rate, as does their average cell size. After step changes in dilution rate, repeated oscillations of both sugar and cell concentrations usually occur before steady-state conditions are reattained. They are generally in phase, with no definite sign of a lag. Oscillations of yeast and fructose concentrations are more pronounced. Periods average about 6 hr and are not correlated with fermentation conditions or equipment variables. Repeated oscillations are not found after step-downs in pure cultures of A. suboxydans, leading to the conclusion that the instability in mixed cultures may be caused by a feedback mechanism from the yeast to the bacteria.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 16 (1974), S. 1373-1392 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The response of two-species commensalistic systems in a chemostat has been investigated after perturbations in steady state conditions and after step changes in dilution rate. The system is inherently stable with not more than three overshoots and undershoots possible. More complicated commensalistic systems are less stable, with limit cycle response occurring after dilution rate changes when feedback inhibition and feedforward activation occurs. In general variation of feedback parameters is more effective in changing the behavior of the systems than variation of feedforward parameters. Limited agreement with the experimental data of Chao and Reilly was obtained.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 22 (1980), S. 1127-1142 
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: β-Xylosidase from a commercial Aspergillus niger preparation was purified by differential ammonium sulfate precipitation and either gel permeation or cation exchange chromatography, giving 16-fold purification in 32% yield for the first technique or 27-fold purification in 19% yield for the second. The second method in addition almost completely removed interfering β-glucosidase activity. Enzymes prepared by this method was immobilized to 10 different carriers, but only when it was bound to alumina with TiCl4 and to alkylamine porous silica with glutaraldehyde were substantial efficiencies and stabilities achieved. With alumina, the variation of activation procedure, amount of β-xylosidase offered, and activation solution composition yielded maximum activities of over 40 U/g with approximately 70% immobilization efficiency. Variation of binding pH and incubation time led to a maximum immobilized activity of 1.3 U/g with 78% immobilization efficiency on silica.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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