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  • 2020-2024  (2)
  • 1985-1989  (3)
  • 1
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    Institut und Museum für Geologie und Paläontologie der Universität Tübingen
    In:  Tübinger Geowissenschaftliche Abhandlungen A, 5 . Institut und Museum für Geologie und Paläontologie der Universität Tübingen, Tübingen, V, 135 pp.
    Publication Date: 2017-11-06
    Description: Der Einfluß lateralen Stresses auf die mechanische Diagenese von marinen Sedimenten kann mithilfe sedimentphysikalischer Daten quantifiziert werden. Beispielhaft wurde dies anhand von Daten aus dem Deep Sea Drilling Project (DSDP) und Ocean Drilling Project (ODP) für den Akkretionskeil des Barbados Ridge Complex durchgeführt. Die Untersuchung erfolgte in drei Schritten. (1) In einer statistischen Untersuchung der umfangreichen sedimentologischen und sedimentphysikalischen Datenbank des DSDP wurden tief enabhängige Funktionen der mechanischen Diagenese für eine Reihe von lithologischen Standardtypen definiert. Diese, als Referenzgröße zur Quantifizierung der tektonischen KonsoHdation in einem rezenten Akkretionskeil benötigten Funktionen, wurden in erster Linie für pelitische und psammitische Sedimente mit geringen Karbonatgehalten entwickelt. Zwei verschiedene Verfahren zur Auswahl von entsprechenden Datensätzen werden beschrieben und die Ergebnisse der statistischen Untersuchung mit den in der Literatur beschriebenen Funktionen verglichen. (2) Die entwickelten Typfunktionen wurden bei der Durchführung eines palinspastischen Rekonstruktionsverfahrens benutzt, mit dem die Entwicklung sedimentphysikalischer Parameter während der initialen Deformationsphase in rezenten Akkretionssystemen modelliert werden konnte. Diese Untersuchung basierte im wesentlichen auf sedimentphysikalischen Daten der DSDP- und ODP-Legs 78A und J 10 (Barbados Ridge Komplex, Kleine Antillen). Durch palinspastische Entzerrung der imbrikierten Schuppung und stratigraphische Rekonstruktion akkretierter "thrust slices" im untersuchten Bereich, entsprechender Relozierung der zugehörigen sedimentphysikalischen Daten und dekompaktive Anpassung an die rekonstruierte Position konnte ein synthetisches prä-akkretionäres Profil der ursprünglichen Porosität rechnerisch modelliert werden. (3) Der Vergleich dieses synthetischen Porositäts-Tiefen-Profils mit charakteristischen Referenzprofilen aus undeformierten Sequenzen unmittelbar vor der Deformationsf ront zeigt eine systematische, lithologisch bestimmte Divergenz. Durch Überarbeitung des Rekonstruktionsverfahrens mithilfe von Stress-PorositätsBeziehungen konnte der relative und absolute Einfluß der lateralen Stresskomponente auf die Konsolidation hemipelagischer Sedimente in diesem Teil des konvergenten Plattenrandes quantifiziert werden.
    Type: Report , NonPeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Alfa Publishers
    In:  In: Pre-Variscan and Variscan events in the alpine mediterranean belts : dregional contributions. , ed. by Flügel, H. W. and Sassi, F. P. Alfa Publishers, Bratislava, pp. 209-226.
    Publication Date: 2016-02-16
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
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  • 3
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    Enke
    In:  Geologische Rundschau, 78 (1). pp. 197-205.
    Publication Date: 2020-07-30
    Description: Based on sediment physical property data from DSDP/ ODP Legs 78A and 110 (Barbados Ridge Complex), a simple palinspastic reconstruction scheme was employed to study porosity changes during accretion. Undoing the compactional effects caused by imbricate stacking of wedge slices, a synthetic pre-accretion porosity depth profile was developed, which bears strong resemblence to a characteristic profile from a reference drillhole in front of the Barbados accretionary complex. Differences between synthetic and reference profile are interpreted in terms of a semiquantitative estimate of the relative impact of the horizontal stress component on gravitational compaction in accretionary wedge environments. An exponential relationship between depth and porosity divergence for distinct lithologic units is evident. The defined relationship facilitates the analysis of deformational behavior of accreted sediments in general.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: North African greening phases, during which large rivers ran through the Sahara Desert, occurred repeatedly during the Quaternary and are regarded as key periods for the development of past human populations. However, the timing and mechanisms responsible for the reactivation of the presently dormant fluvial systems remain highly uncertain. Here we present hydroclimate changes over the past 160,000 years, reconstructed from analyses of the provenance of terrestrial sediments in a marine sediment record from the Gulf of Sirte (offshore Libya). By combining high-resolution proxy data with transient Earth system model simulations, we are able to identify the various drivers that led to the observed shifts in hydroclimate and landscapes. We show that river runoff occurred during warm interglacial phases of Marine Isotope Stages 1 and 5 due to precession-forced enhancements in the summer and autumn rainfall over the entire watershed, which fed presently dry river systems and intermittent coastal streams. In contrast, shorter-lasting and less-intense humid events during glacial Marine Isotope Stages 3 and 4 were related to autumn and winter precipitation over the Libyan coastal regions driven by Mediterranean storms. Our results reveal large shifts in hydroclimate environments during the last glacial cycle, which probably exerted a strong evolutionary and structural control on past human populations, potentially pacing their dispersal across northern Africa.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Groundwater discharge into the sea occurs along many coastlines around the world in different geological settings and constitutes an important component of global water and matter budget. Estimates of how much water flows into the sea worldwide vary widely and are largely based on onshore studies and hydrological or hydrogeological modeling. In this study, we propose an approach to quantify a deep submarine groundwater outflow from the seafloor by using autonomously measured ocean surface data, i.e., 222Rn as groundwater tracer, in combination with numerical modeling of plume transport. The model and field data suggest that groundwater outflows from a water depth of ∼100 m can reach the sea surface implying that several cubic meters per second of freshwater are discharged into the sea. We postulate an extreme rainfall event 6 months earlier as the likely trigger for the groundwater discharge. This study shows that measurements at the sea surface, which are much easier to conduct than discharge measurements at the seafloor, can be used not only to localize submarine groundwater discharges but, in combination with plume modeling, also to estimate the magnitude of the release flow rate.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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