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  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)  (47)
  • Oxford University Press  (28)
  • Nature Publishing Group  (26)
  • 2020-2024  (3)
  • 1985-1989  (98)
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  • 1
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    Site-specific integration of H-ras in transformed rat embryo cells (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-09-09
    Description: A karyotypic analysis was performed on seven independently derived clones of primary rat embryo cells transformed by the ras oncogene plus the cooperating oncogene myc. The transfected oncogenes were sometimes present in amplified copy number, with heterogeneity in the levels of amplification. Some chromosomal features, such as aberrantly banding regions and double-minute chromosomes, typical of cells carrying amplified genes, were also seen in three of the seven cell lines. Underlying this heterogeneity there was an unexpected finding. All seven lines showed a common integration site for ras on the q arm of rat chromosome 3 (3q12), though some lines also had other sites of integration. In four of the lines integration of ras was accompanied by deletion of the p arm of chromosome 3 or its possible translocation to chromosome 12.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉McKenna, W G -- Nakahara, K -- Muschel, R J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Sep 9;241(4871):1325-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia 19104.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3045971" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; Gene Amplification ; *Genes, ras ; Oncogenes ; Rats ; Recombination, Genetic ; Transformation, Genetic ; Translocation, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Limits on nuclear materials for arms reduction: complexities and uncerainties (1988)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1988-09-02
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sutcliffe, W G -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1988 Sep 2;241(4870):1166-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17740779" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Sodium-calcium exchange in heart: membrane currents and changes in [Ca2+]i (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-12-18
    Description: Recordings have been made of changes in intracellular calcium ion concentration ([Ca2+]i) that can be attributed to the operation of an electrogenic, voltage-dependent sodium-calcium (Na-Ca) exchanger in mammalian heart cells. Guinea pig ventricular myocytes under voltage clamp were perfused internally with fura-2, a fluorescent Ca2+-indicator, and changes in [Ca2+]i and membrane current that resulted from Na-Ca exchange were identified through the use of various organic channel blockers and impermeant ions. Depolarization of cells elicited slow increases in [Ca2+]i, with the maximum increase depending on internal [Na+], external [Ca2+], and membrane voltage. Repolarization was associated with net Ca2+ efflux and a decline in the inward current that developed instantaneously upon repolarization. The relation between [Ca2+]i and current was linear, and the slope was made steeper by hyperpolarization.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Barcenas-Ruiz, L -- Beuckelmann, D J -- Wier, W G -- HL29473/HL/NHLBI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Dec 18;238(4834):1720-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3686010" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Calcium/*metabolism ; Carrier Proteins/*physiology ; Cell Membrane/physiology ; Guinea Pigs ; Heart/*physiology ; In Vitro Techniques ; Kinetics ; Membrane Potentials ; Sodium-Calcium Exchanger ; Ventricular Function
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    Dissociation of antitumor potency from anthracycline cardiotoxicity in a doxorubicin analog (1985)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1985-06-28
    Description: The search for new congeners of the leading anticancer drug doxorubicin has led to an analog that is approximately 1000 times more potent, noncardiotoxic at therapeutic dose levels, and non-cross-resistant with doxorubicin. The new anthracycline, 3'-deamino-3'-(3-cyano-4-morpholinyl)doxorubicin (MRA-CN), is produced by incorporation of the 3' amino group of doxorubicin in a new cyanomorpholinyl ring. The marked increase in potency was observed against human ovarian and breast carcinomas in vitro; it was not accompanied by an increase in cardiotoxicity in fetal mouse heart cultures. Doxorubicin and MRA-CN both produced typical cardiac ultrastructural and biochemical changes, but at equimolar concentrations. In addition, MRA-CN was not cross-resistant with doxorubicin in a variant of the human sarcoma cell line MES-SA selected for resistance to doxorubicin. Thus antitumor efficacy was dissociated from both cardiotoxicity and cross-resistance by this modification of anthracycline structure.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sikic, B I -- Ehsan, M N -- Harker, W G -- Friend, N F -- Brown, B W -- Newman, R A -- Hacker, M P -- Acton, E M -- CA 24543/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 32250/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA 33303/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1985 Jun 28;228(4707):1544-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/4012308" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; *Antineoplastic Agents ; Breast Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Cell Line ; Chemical Phenomena ; Chemistry ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Doxorubicin/adverse effects/*analogs & derivatives/therapeutic use ; Female ; Heart/drug effects ; Humans ; Isoenzymes ; L-Lactate Dehydrogenase/analysis ; Mice ; Myocardium/enzymology ; Ovarian Neoplasms/drug therapy ; Pregnancy
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Receptor-associated resistance to growth hormone-releasing factor in dwarf "little" mice (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-04-25
    Description: Anterior pituitaries from the dwarf mouse strain "little" did not release growth hormone or accumulate adenosine 3',5'-monophosphate (cyclic AMP) in response to human and rat growth hormone-releasing factor (GRF). Dibutyryl cyclic AMP, as well as the adenylate cyclase stimulators forskolin and cholera toxin, markedly stimulated growth hormone (GH) release. The basis of the GH deficiency in the little mouse may therefore be a defect in an early stage of GRF-stimulated GH release related either to receptor binding or to the function of the hormone-receptor complex.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Jansson, J O -- Downs, T R -- Beamer, W G -- Frohman, L A -- AM 17947/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- AM 30667/AM/NIADDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Apr 25;232(4749):511-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3008329" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Colforsin/pharmacology ; Cyclic AMP/analysis ; Dwarfism, Pituitary/*physiopathology ; Female ; Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone/metabolism/pharmacology/physiology/secretion ; Humans ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; Mice, Mutant Strains/*physiology ; Pituitary Gland, Anterior/analysis/drug effects/physiopathology/secretion ; Receptors, Cell Surface/metabolism/*physiology ; *Receptors, Neuropeptide ; *Receptors, Pituitary Hormone-Regulating Hormone
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Vertical nitrate fluxes in the oligotrophic ocean (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-11-14
    Description: The vertical flux of nitrate across the thermocline in the upper ocean imposes a rigorous constraint on the rate of export of organic carbon from the surface layer of the sea. This export is the primary means by which the oceans can serve as a sink for atmospheric carbon dioxide. For the oligotrophic open ocean regions, which make up more than 75% of the world's ocean, the rate of export is currently uncertain by an order of magnitude. For most of the year, the vertical flux of nitrate is that due to vertical turbulent transport of deep water rich in nitrate into the relatively impoverished surface layer. Direct measurements of rates of turbulent kinetic energy dissipation, coupled with highly resolved vertical profiles of nitrate and density in the oligotrophic eastern Atlantic showed that the rate of transport, averaged over 2 weeks, was 0.14 (0.002 to 0.89, 95% confidence interval) millimole of nitrate per square meter per day and was statistically no different from the integrated rate of nitrate uptake as measured by incorporation of (15)N-labeled nitrate. The stoichiometrically equivalent loss of carbon from the upper ocean, which is the relevant quantity for the carbon dioxide and climate question, is then fixed at 0.90 (0.01 to 5.70) millimole of carbon per square meter per day. These rates are much lower than recent estimates based on in situ changes in oxygen over annual scales; they are consistent with a biologically unproductive oligotrophic ocean.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Lewis, M R -- Hebert, D -- Harrison, W G -- Platt, T -- Oakey, N S -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Nov 14;234(4778):870-3.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17758109" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    HTLV-III/LAV-neutralizing antibodies to an E. coli-produced fragment of the virus envelope (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-12-12
    Description: Immunization with either an Escherichia coli recombinant segment of the human T-cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV-III/LAV) envelope protein (gp 120) or with deglycosylated gp 120 envelope protein produced antibodies that neutralize HTLV-III/LAV infection in vitro. Virus neutralization titers of these antisera were equivalent to those obtained with purified native gp120 as immunogen. This localizes at least one class of neutralizing epitopes to the carboxyl-terminal half of the molecule. In addition, native gp120 prevented HTLV-III/LAV--mediated cell fusion, whereas the recombinant gp120 fragment did not. This shows that although glycosylation is not required for induction of neutralizing antibodies, it may be important for interaction with CD4, the virus receptor. A segment of the HTLV-III/LAV envelope produced in E. coli may be an important ingredient of a vaccine for acquired immune deficiency syndrome.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Putney, S D -- Matthews, T J -- Robey, W G -- Lynn, D L -- Robert-Guroff, M -- Mueller, W T -- Langlois, A J -- Ghrayeb, J -- Petteway, S R Jr -- Weinhold, K J -- 1PO1-CA43447-01/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Dec 12;234(4782):1392-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2431482" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Antibodies, Viral/*immunology ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Epitopes/analysis ; Escherichia coli/*genetics ; HIV Antibodies ; Humans ; Immunization ; Molecular Weight ; Receptors, Virus/metabolism ; Recombinant Proteins/immunology ; Viral Envelope Proteins/genetics/*immunology
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  • 8
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    Molecular basis for the auxin-independent phenotype of crown gall tumor tissues (1986)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1986-02-07
    Description: The transfer of specific Ti (tumor-inducing) plasmid sequences, the T-DNA, from Agrobacterium tumefaciens to a wide range of plants results in the formation of crown gall tumors. These tissues differ from most plant cells in that they can be grown in vitro in the absence of added phytohormones. Here, data are presented that offer an explanation for the auxin-independent phenotype of crown gall tissues. It is shown that crude cell-free extracts prepared from three bacterial species harboring pTiA6 gene 1 could convert L-tryptophan to indole-3-acetamide; control extracts lacking gene 1 could not carry out the reaction. Other reports indicate that the pTiA6 gene 2 product can convert indole-3-acetamide to indole-3-acetic acid, a naturally occurring auxin of plants. It is concluded that the auxin-independent phenotype of crown gall tissue involves the introduction of Ti plasmid sequences encoding a two-step pathway for auxin synthesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Thomashow, M F -- Hugly, S -- Buchholz, W G -- Thomashow, L S -- GM33731/GM/NIGMS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1986 Feb 7;231(4738):616-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/3511528" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: DNA, Recombinant/metabolism ; Escherichia coli/genetics ; Indoleacetic Acids/*physiology ; Phenotype ; Plant Growth Regulators/*physiology ; *Plant Tumors ; Plants, Toxic ; Plasmids ; Rhizobium/genetics ; Tobacco
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Thunderstorms: an important mechanism in the transport of air pollutants (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-01-23
    Description: Acid deposition and photochemical smog are urban air pollution problems, and they remain localized as long as the sulfur, nitrogen, and hydrocarbon pollutants are confined to the lower troposphere (below about 1-kilometer altitude) where they are short-lived. If, however, the contaminants are rapidly transported to the upper troposphere, then their atmospheric residence times grow and their range of influence expands dramatically. Although this vertical transport ameliorates some of the effects of acid rain by diluting atmospheric acids, it exacerbates global tropospheric ozone production by redistributing the necessary nitrogen catalysts. Results of recent computer simulations suggest that thunderstorms are one means of rapid vertical transport. To test this hypothesis, several research aircraft near a midwestern thunderstrom measured carbon monoxide, hydrocarbons, ozone, and reactive nitrogen compounds. Their concentrations were much greater in the outflow region of the storm, up to 11 kilometers in altitude, than in surrounding air. Trace gas measurements can thus be used to track the motion of air in and around a cloud. Thunderstorms may transform local air pollution problems into regional or global atmospheric chemistry problems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dickerson, R R -- Huffman, G J -- Luke, W T -- Nunnermacker, L J -- Pickering, K E -- Leslie, A C -- Lindsey, C G -- Slinn, W G -- Kelly, T J -- Daum, P H -- Delany, A C -- Greenberg, J P -- Zimmerman, P R -- Boatman, J F -- Ray, J D -- Stedman, D H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Jan 23;235(4787):460-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17810340" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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  • 10
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    Three-Dimensional X-ray Microtomography (1987)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1987-09-18
    Description: The new technique of x-ray microtomography nondestructively generates three-dimensional maps of the x-ray attenuation coefficient inside small samples with approximately 1 percent accuracy and with resolution approaching 1 micrometer. Spatially resolved elemental maps can be produced with synchrotron x-ray sources by scanning samples at energies just above and below characteristic atomic absorption edges. The system consists of a high-resolution imaging x-ray detector and high-speed algorithms for tomographic image reconstruction. The design and operation of the microtomography device are described, and tomographic images that illustrate its performance with both synchrotron and laboratory x-ray sources are presented.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Flannery, B P -- Deckman, H W -- Roberge, W G -- D'Amico, K L -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1987 Sep 18;237(4821):1439-44.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17816787" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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