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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (236)
  • Oxford University Press  (54)
  • 2020-2024  (2)
  • 1985-1989  (185)
  • 1980-1984  (103)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 0006-3525
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The ir-spectra in the N—H stretching region of Piv-Pro-NHMe and Boc-Pro-NHMe have been studied in carbon tetrachloride and chloroform solutions over a wide range of concentrations. Based on the concentration dependence of the N—H stretching bands, it has been shown that the characteristic N—H stretching band due to the C7 intramolecular hydrogen bond is around 3335 cm-1. Intermolecular hydrogen bonding also occurs to a small extent in these peptides, giving rise to a slight concentration dependence of the N—H stretching bands. The band around 3335 cm-1 need not necessarily be due to C7 hydrogen bonds alone as proposed by Tsuboi et al. or to intermolecular hydrogen bonding alone as proposed by Maxfield et al.; this conclusion is supported by studies on Boc-Leu-NHMe, which undergoes only intermolecular hydrogen bonding. We have shown that Z-Aib-Aib-OMe and Z-Aib-Ala-OMe form C7 intramolecular hydrogen bonds in addition to C5 intramolecular hydrogen bonds. The present studies also show that all the peptides studied exist in more than one conformation in solution.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 33 (1987), S. 2707-2714 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Grafting of the mixture of acrylamide and acrylic acid onto polyester and polypropylene fibers and mixture of acrylic acid and methacrylic acid onto polypropylene by the radiation method are reported. It is observed that when pure acrylamide was used for grafting, the grafting extent was small, whereas when the mixture was used, the amount of acrylamide content in the copolymer was found to be more than the feed ratios. The results are explained on the basis of chain transfer mechanism. With methacrylic acid and acrylic acid mixtures, the rate of grafting decreased with the increase in the concentration of acrylic acid in the feed ratio, and this has been explained on the basis of the formation of either a 3-dimensional network structure or a highly branched structure involving backbone polymer molecules with acrylic acid, which prevents the diffusion of the monomer from the solution phase to the swollen phase.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 36 (1988), S. 1517-1524 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Kinetic studies were carried out on the reaction between ethylenediamine and dimeric fatty acids in melt phase. The reaction was performed at 124, 130, 145, 160, 174, and 190°C and followed by determining the acid value of the product. The polyamidation reaction was found to be of overall second order with an activation energy of 18.2 kcal/g mol up to 90% conversion and of overall third order with an activation energy of 16.4 kcal/g mol above 90% conversion.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 39 (1988), S. 135-142 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Einfluß des Deltaferritgehalts auf die Korrosionsbeständigkeit von mit Stahl 316 plattierten MetallenAustenitische Plattierungen mit Stahl 316 wurden durch Schutzgas-Metall-Lichtbogenschweißen und Unterpulverschweißen mit Elektroden aus 316 L auf niedrig gekohltem Kesselblech (SA 515 Gr 60) hergestellt, wobei Stahl 309 L als Sperrschicht mittels Unterpulverschwei-ßen aufgebracht wurde. Der Wärmeeintrag beim Schweißen wurde variiert, um in der Plattierung unterschiedliche Ferritgehalte einzustellen. Die plattierten Proben wurden nach dem Schweißen wärmebehandelt (650°C, 50 und 200 h). Die oberste Plattierungsschicht wurde abgetragen und die Proben anschließend auf Anfälligkeit für interkristalline Korrosion untersucht (ASTM A-262-75, A, B, C und E, d.h. 10% Oxalsäure, elektrolytisch, Eisensulfat + 50% ige Schwefelsäure; 65%ige Salpetersäure; Kupfer/Kupfersulfat -16%ige Schwefelsäure); außerdem wurde auch ein ätzversuch bei kontrolliertem Potential durchgefüuhrt.Die Untersuchung hat gezeigt, daß der Ferritgehalt der Plattierung mit zunehmender Stromstärke abnimmt. Der Anteil des umgewandelten Ferrits nach der Wärmebehandlung nach dem Schweißen war in den Plattierungen mit niedrigem Wärmeeintrag und hohem Ferritgehalt etwas erhöht. Die Wärmebehandlung im Anschluß an das Schweißen führte zum Sprödbruch von Plattierungen mit hohem Ferritgehalt (〉 als 10%).Der Korrosionsangriff des Ferrits ist abhängig vom jeweiligen Medium: 65% ige Schwefelsäure treibt den Ferrit bevorzugt an, während in Eisensulfat-Schwefelsäure der Ferrit intakt bleibt, der Austenit hingegen angegriffen wird. Keine der untersuchten Proben war im unbehandelten Plattierungszustand oder nach Wärmebehandlung anfällig für interkristalline Korrosion in Kupfer/Kupfersulfat -16% Schwefelsäure. Proben mit niedrigem Ferritgehalt (3,55%), die nach dem Schweißen wärmebehandelt wurde, wiesen an der Grenzfläche zwischen zwei benachbarten Schichten Korngrenzenausscheidungen auf. Im allgemeinen hat sich der Ferrit als günstig für das Korrosions-verhalten von plattierten Metallen nach Wärmebehandlung erwiesen. Der Wärmeeintrag im untersuchten Bereich führte zu keiner wesentlichen Beeinflussung der Korrosionsgeschwindigkeit.
    Notes: Austenitic claddings of type 316 were obtained by SMAW (Shielded Metal Arc Welding) and SAW (Submerged Arc Welding) processes, using type 316 L electrodes on low carbon boiler steel (SA 515 Gr 60) with type 309 L as a barrier layer deposited by the SAW process. Welding heat input was changed in order to obtain different ferrite contents in the cladding. The clad samples were post-weld heat treated at 650°C for 50 and 200 h. The top layer of the cladding was removed and the specimens were then subjected to intergranular corrosion tests (ASTM A-262-75, practices A, B, C and E, viz. 10% oxalic acid electrolytic etch; ferric sulfate -50% sulfuric acid; 65% nitric acid and copper-copper sulfate -16% sulfuric acid tests) and controlled potential etching test.The study indicated that the ferrite content of the cladding decreases with increasing current. Ferrite transformed after PWHT (post weld heat treatment) was relatively more in claddings obtained with low heat input and containing high ferrite content in the as-clad condition. PWHT led to brittle fracture of high ferrite claddings (above 10 FN).The corrosion attack of ferrite was found to depend on environment. 65% nitric acid attacked ferrite preferentially, whereas in acid-ferric sulfate, ferrite was intact and austenite was attacked. No sample exhibited susceptibility to intergranular corrosion in the as-clad or PWHT conditions in the copper-copper sulfate -16% acid test. However, PWHT specimens with low ferrite contents (3.55 FN) exhibited grain boundary precipitation at the interface of two adjacent layers. In general, ferrite was found to be beneficial in controlling corrosion rates of clad metals after PWHT. Heat input, within the range studied, did not affect the corrosion rates significantly.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 38 (1989), S. 1287-1293 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Kinetic studies were carried out on the reaction between ethylenediamine and C21 cycloaliphatic dicarboxylic acid, prepared from dehydrated castor oil fatty acids and acrylic acid, in melt phase. The reaction was performed at six different temperatures ranging from 210 to 260°C and followed by determining the acid value of the product. The polyamidation reaction was found to follow an overall third order kinetics with an activation energy of 15.5 kcal/g mol.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 26 (1981), S. 1439-1451 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Polypropylene (PP) fibers have been irradiated with 60Co γ rays in the presence of carbon tetrachloride, in the absence of oxygen. Irradiations have been carried out between dose rates of 0.078 and 0.664 Mrad/hr, and the effects of absorbed dose and temperature on the C—Cl formation in the PP fibers have been investigated. G(C—Cl) values were higher at lower dose rate. G(HCl) values were found to be much higher than the G(C—Cl) values, and IR absorption studied indicated increasing unsaturation with increasing dose. The number average molecular weights (M̄n) were evaluated from intrinsic viscosity measurements in decalin at 408 K and the M̄n values decreased with increasing dose and temperature. G(scission) - G(crosslinking) values were calculated and it was found that the Gs - Gx values are higher at lower doses and higher dose rates. The thermal characteristics of the irradiated fibers were investigated by thermogravimetry (TG) analysis in air or argon and with differential scanning calorimetric (DSC) studies. The TG data indicated slightly less thermal stability for the modified fibers both in air as well as argon. The DSC data indicated very little change in the melting points of the samples, the melting points being around 444 ± 2 K.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 29 (1984), S. 1843-1856 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Graft-copolymerization reactions of binary mixtures of vinyl monomers (acrylamide-acrylic acid and acrylonitrile-acrylic acid) with polyester fibers have been studied by chemical initiation technique using benzoyl peroxide as an initiator. The total graft add-on was determined gravimetrically, while the modified Kjeldahl's method for N-estimation was employed to determine acrylamide and acrylonitrile grafts in their mixtures with acrylic acid grafts. Synergism of very high order was noticed during the graft-copolymerization reactions. In the case of the acrylamide-acrylic acid system a very high order of synergism (129.15%) was noticed at equimolar proportions of the monomers in the grafting bath. Both acrylamide and acrylic acid showed synergistic influence over each other during graft-copolymerization reactions. In the case of the acrylonitrile-acrylic acid system, however, the presence of acrylonitrile reduced the graft yield of the acrylic acid component showing a negative synergism; but acrylic acid enhanced the acrylonitrile graft yield to a considerable extent. The results have been explained in terms of reactivity ratios of the monomers. The conductivity results of the monomer mixtures also supported the experimental results.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 33 (1987), S. 2761-2767 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Electrical conductivity of polypropylene fibers grafted with methacrylic acid, vinyl acetate, and acrylonitrile for the samples conditioned at various relative humidities is reported. Electrical conductivity increases with the increase in graft in all three grafted polymers. The increase in conductivity of polypropylene fibers grafted with methacrylic acid is two orders of magnitude higher than control, while the increase in other cases in small. The results are explained on the basis of chemical structure of the grafted fibers. Increase in electrical conductivity with respect to methacrylic acid graft could be due to charge migration and electronic conductivity. In the case of the other two monomer-grafted PPs, increase could be predominantly due to electronic conduction.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 33 (1987), S. 2753-2760 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Electrokinetic properties of methacrylic acid- and acrylonitrile-grafted polypropylene fibers measured in the presence of cationic dyes are reported. The zeta potential of polypropylene fibers decreases, and the surface charge density along with surface conductivity increases as the concentration of the dyes in the streaming solution increases. The zeta potential at pH 7 decreases as the amount of graft increases in case of both acrylonitrile- and methacrylic acid grafted fibers. Both surface charge density and surface conductivity increase with the increase in dye concentration for both acrylonitrile- and methacrylic acid-grafted fibers. The results are explained on the basis of the cationic dye adsorption on the grafted fiber in the case of methacrylic acid graft. In the case of acrylonitrile-grafted fibers, this could be due to the strong attraction of cationic dye to the nitrile group of the grafted fibers.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Applied Polymer Science 33 (1987), S. 2743-2751 
    ISSN: 0021-8995
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Radiation-initiated grafting of methacrylic acid, acrylonitrile, and vinyl acetate on polypropylene fibers and the moisture content and dyeing characteristics of the grafted fibers have been reported. The extent of grafting with methacrylic acid is quite large when compared to acrylonitrile and vinyl acetate. The grafted fibers show an increase in moisture content with increase in the amount of graft. In general, the dyeability with disperse dyes increases due to grafting. In the case of cationic dyes, the polypropylene fibers grafted with methacrylic acid and acrylonitrile alone could be dyed.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
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