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  • 2020-2024  (6)
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  • 1
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    Chapter Review of the Central and South Atlantic Shelf and Deep-Sea Benthos: Science, Policy, and Management (2023)
    Taylor & Francis | Oceanography and Marine Biology | Oceanography and Marine Biology | CRC Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The Central and South Atlantic represents a vast ocean area and is home to a diverse range of ecosystems and species. Nevertheless, and similar to the rest of the global south, the area is comparatively understudied yet exposed to increasing levels of multisectoral pressures. To counteract this, the level of scientific exploration in the Central and South Atlantic has increased in recent years and will likely continue to do so within the context of the United Nations (UN) Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development. Here, we compile the literature to investigate the distribution of previous scientific exploration of offshore (30 m+) ecosystems in the Central and South Atlantic, both within and beyond national jurisdiction, allowing us to synthesise overall patterns of biodiversity. Furthermore, through the lens of sustainable management, we have reviewed the existing anthropogenic activities and associated management measures relevant to the region. Through this exercise, we have identified key knowledge gaps and undersampled regions that represent priority areas for future research and commented on how these may be best incorporated into, or enhanced through, future management measures such as those in discussion at the UN Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction negotiations. This review represents a comprehensive summary for scientists and managers alike looking to understand the key topographical, biological, and legislative features of the Central and South Atlantic.
    Keywords: Atlantic deep sea ; Benthic ecology ; Marine spatial planning ; Biodiversity patterns ; Gap analysis ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAJ Evolution ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
    Language: English
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    E-BOOK
  • 2
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    Trace metal levels in selected ferro-manganese crusts from the Pacific Ocean (2023)
    PANGAEA
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-28
    Description: Chemical assessment of trace metals concentrations in a selected set of manganese crusts and coatings from the Pacific Ocean. Composition has been determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometry.
    Keywords: ARIES; ARIES-010D; ARIES-012D; ARIES-019D; ARIES-020D; Arsenic; Atomic absorption spectrophotometry; Barium; Cadmium; Chromium; CNEXO-B5; Deposit type; DEPTH, sediment/rock; Dredge; DRG; Elevation of event; Event label; FFGR; Free-fall grab; Geochemistry; Identification; Latitude of event; Longitude of event; manganese micronodule; manganese nodule; Mn-74-02-16-FFG-037; Mn-74-02 IDOE DOMES; Moana Wave; MW7402; MW7402-16G37; NIXO_cruises; NOAA and MMS Marine Minerals Geochemical Database; NOAA-MMS; ocean; Pacific Ocean; Sample type; sediment; SOTW11WT-068D; SOTW-68D; SOUTHTOW; Substrate type; Thomas Washington
    Type: Dataset
    Format: text/tab-separated-values, 55 data points
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    DATA PANGAEA
  • 3
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    Review of the Central and South Atlantic Shelf and Deep-Sea Benthos: Science, Policy, and Management (2023)
    Taylor & Francis
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-21
    Description: The Central and South Atlantic represents a vast ocean area and is home to a diverse range of ecosystems and species. Nevertheless, and similar to the rest of the global south, the area is comparatively understudied yet exposed to increasing levels of multisectoral pressures. To counteract this, the level of scientific exploration in the Central and South Atlantic has increased in recent years and will likely continue to do so within the context of the United Nations (UN) Decade of Ocean Science for Sustainable Development. Here, we compile the literature to investigate the distribution of previous scientific exploration of offshore (30 m+) ecosystems in the Central and South Atlantic, both within and beyond national jurisdiction, allowing us to synthesise overall patterns of biodiversity. Furthermore, through the lens of sustainable management, we have reviewed the existing anthropogenic activities and associated management measures relevant to the region. Through this exercise, we have identified key knowledge gaps and undersampled regions that represent priority areas for future research and commented on how these may be best incorporated into, or enhanced through, future management measures such as those in discussion at the UN Biodiversity Beyond National Jurisdiction negotiations. This review represents a comprehensive summary for scientists and managers alike looking to understand the key topographical, biological, and legislative features of the Central and South Atlantic.
    Type: Book chapter , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    PAPER (OCEANREP)
  • 4
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    Seismicity and seismotectonics of the Albstadt Shear Zone in the northern Alpine foreland (2021)
    Copernicus Publications (EGU)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: The region around the town Albstadt, SW Germany, was struck by four damaging earthquakes with magnitudes greater than 5 during the last century. These earthquakes occurred along the Albstadt Shear Zone (ASZ), which is characterized by more or less continuous microseismicity. As there are no visible surface ruptures that may be connected to the fault zone, we study its characteristics by its seismicity distribution and faulting pattern. We use the earthquake data of the state earthquake service of Baden-Württemberg from 2011 to 2018 and complement it with additional phase picks beginning in 2016 at the AlpArray and StressTransfer seismic networks in the vicinity of the ASZ. This extended data set is used to determine new minimum 1-D seismic vp and vs velocity models and corresponding station delay times for earthquake relocation. Fault plane solutions are determined for selected events, and the principal stress directions are derived. The minimum 1-D seismic velocity models have a simple and stable layering with increasing velocity with depth in the upper crust. The corresponding station delay times can be explained well by the lateral depth variation of the crystalline basement. The relocated events align about north–south with most of the seismic activity between the towns of Tübingen and Albstadt, east of the 9∘ E meridian. The events can be separated into several subclusters that indicate a segmentation of the ASZ. The majority of the 25 determined fault plane solutions feature an NNE–SSW strike but NNW–SSE-striking fault planes are also observed. The main fault plane associated with the ASZ dips steeply, and the rake indicates mainly sinistral strike-slip, but we also find minor components of normal and reverse faulting. The determined direction of the maximum horizontal stress of 140–149∘ is in good agreement with prior studies. Down to ca. 7–8 km depth SHmax is bigger than SV; below this depth, SV is the main stress component. The direction of SHmax indicates that the stress field in the area of the ASZ is mainly generated by the regional plate driving forces and the Alpine topography.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    PAPER (OCEANREP)
  • 5
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    Using NIW Observations to Assess Mixed Layer Parameterizations: A Case Study in the Tropical Atlantic (2024)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union) | Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-30
    Description: Tropical sea surface temperature (SST) biases can cause atmospheric biases on global scales, hence SST needs to be represented well in climate models. A major source of uncertainties is the representation of turbulent mixing in the oceanic boundary layer, or mixed layer (ML). In the present study we focus on near-inertial wave (NIW) induced mixing. The performance of two mixing schemes, Turbulent Kinetic Energy and K-profile parameterization (KPP), is assessed at two sites (11.5°N, 23°W and 15°N, 38°W) in the tropical Atlantic. At 11.5°N, turbulence observations (eddy diffusivities, shear and stratification) are available for comparison. We find that the schemes differ in their representation of NIWs, but both under-represent the observed enhanced diffusivities below the observed ML. However, we find that the models do mix below the ML at 15°N when a storm passes nearby. The near-inertial oscillations remain below the ML for the following 10 days. Near-inertial kinetic energy (NIKE) biases in the models are not directly correlated with the wind speed, the MLD biases, or the stratification at the ML base. Instead, NIKE biases are sensitive to the vertical mixing scheme parameterization. NIKE biases are lowest when the KPP scheme is used. Key Points: - Observations of inertial oscillations are used to evaluate the performance of two vertical mixing schemes in two high-resolution models - Both the K-profile parameterization and the Turbulent Kinetic Energy closure underestimate the NIW-induced mixing - Near-inertial kinetic energy biases are sensitive to the vertical mixing parameterization
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    PAPER (OCEANREP)
  • 6
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    Probing the explanation of the muon (g-2) anomaly and thermal light dark matter with the semi-visible dark photon channel (2021)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-10-01
    Description: We report the results of a search for a new vector boson ($$ A'$$ A ′ ) decaying into two dark matter particles $$chi _1 chi _2$$ χ 1 χ 2 of different mass. The heavier $$chi _2$$ χ 2 particle subsequently decays to $$chi _1$$ χ 1 and an off-shell Dark Photon $$ A'^* ightarrow e^+e^-$$ A ′ ∗ → e + e - . For a sufficiently large mass splitting, this model can explain in terms of new physics the recently confirmed discrepancy observed in the muon anomalous magnetic moment at Fermilab. Remarkably, it also predicts the observed yield of thermal dark matter relic abundance. A detailed Monte-Carlo simulation was used to determine the signal yield and detection efficiency for this channel in the NA64 setup. The results were obtained re-analyzing the previous NA64 searches for an invisible decay $$A' ightarrow chi overline{chi }$$ A ′ → χ χ ¯ and axion-like or pseudo-scalar particles $$a ightarrow gamma gamma $$ a → γ γ . With this method, we exclude a significant portion of the parameter space justifying the muon g-2 anomaly and being compatible with the observed dark matter relic density for $$A'$$ A ′ masses from 2$$m_e$$ m e up to 390 MeV and mixing parameter $$varepsilon $$ ε between $$3imes 10^{-5}$$ 3 × 10 - 5 and $$2imes 10^{-2}$$ 2 × 10 - 2 .
    Print ISSN: 1434-6044
    Electronic ISSN: 1434-6052
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Springer
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    PAPER CURRENT
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