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  • American Institute of Physics (AIP)  (55)
  • International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)  (28)
  • 2020-2024
  • 1995-1999  (83)
  • 1930-1934
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Crystallization and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of a cobalt-substituted derivative of the iron-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase from Zymomonas mobilis (1996)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 52 (1996), S. 218-220 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: The iron-dependent alcohol dehydrogenase from Zymomonas mobilis has been crystallized in a form suitable for X-ray diffraction studies. The crystals grew in hanging drops by vapor diffusion, equilibrating with a solution comprising 25–27% methoxypolyethylene glycol 5000 and 1 mM Co2+ in a 0.2 M succinic acid/potassium hydroxide buffer at pH 5.5–5.7 at 281 K. Crystals are tetragonal, P4122 (or P4322), with unit-cell dimensions a = b = 125.7, c = 248.1 Å. Four molecules comprise the asymmetric unit, and a self-rotation function indicates twofold local symmetry perpendicular to the unique axis and 15° from a crystallographic twofold axis. Diffraction data to 3.0 Å have been collected.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0907444995009103
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of recombinant human lactoferrin expressed in Aspergillus awamori (1999)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 55 (1999), S. 403-407 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Human lactoferrin (hLf) has considerable potential as a therapeutic agent. Overexpression of hLf in the fungus Aspergillus awamori has resulted in the availability of very large quantities of this protein. Here, the three-dimensional structure of the recombinant hLf has been determined by X-ray crystallography at a resolution of 2.2 Å. The final model, comprising 5339 protein atoms (residues 1–691, 294 solvent molecules, two Fe3+and two CO_3^{2-} ions), gives an R factor of 0.181 (free R = 0.274) after refinement against 32231 reflections in the resolution range 10–2.2 Å. Superposition of the recombinant hLf structure onto the native milk hLf structure shows a very high level of correspondence; the main-chain atoms for the entire polypeptide can be superimposed with an r.m.s. deviation of only 0.3 Å and there are no significant differences in side-chain conformations or in the iron-binding sites. Dynamic properties, as measured by B-value distributions or iron-release kinetics, also agree closely. This shows that the structure of the protein is not affected by the mode of expression, the use of strain-improvement procedures or the changes in glycosylation due to the fungal system.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0907444998011226
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    X-ray photoemission and absorption spectroscopy of supported nanoscale iron clusters (1999)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 86 (1999), S. 2651-2654 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Fe particles with sizes in the range 1–5 nm, formed by a gas-aggregation method and deposited onto graphite and C60 supports, were studied by x-ray photoemission spectroscopy, x-ray absorption spectroscopy, and magnetic linear dichroism. Clusters deposited onto a C60 coated graphite substrate become embedded within the fullerene film, and have an increased resistance to oxidation compared to exposed clusters supported on a graphite surface. No evidence for hybridization between the electronic states of Fe and C60 is seen. The magnetic dichroism signal of the exposed clusters increases sharply with the film thickness because of the increased cluster interactions. © 1999 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.371105
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental constraints on transport from dimensionless parameter scaling studies : The 39th annual meeting of division of plasma physics of APS (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 5 (1998), S. 1695-1702 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The scalings of heat transport with safety factor (q), normalized collisionality (ν), plasma beta (β), and relative gyroradius (ρ*) have been measured on the DIII-D tokamak [Fusion Technol. 8, 441 (1985)]. The measured ρ*, β and ν scalings of heat transport indicate that E×B transport from drift wave turbulence is a plausible basis for anomalous transport. For high confinement (H) mode plasmas where the safety factor was varied at fixed magnetic shear, the effective (or one-fluid) thermal diffusivity was found to scale like χeff∝q2.3±0.64 , with the ion and electron fluids having the same q scaling to within the experimental errors except near the plasma edge. The scaling of the thermal confinement time with safety factor was in good agreement with this local transport dependence, τth∝q−2.42±0.31 ; however, when the magnetic shear was allowed to vary to keep q0 fixed during the (edge) safety factor scan, a weaker global dependence was observed, τth∝q95−1.43±0.23. This weaker dependence was mainly due to the change in the local value of q between the two types of scans. The combined ρ*, β , ν and q scalings of heat transport for H-mode plasmas on DIII-D reproduce the empirical confinement scaling using physical (dimensional) parameters with the exception of weaker power degradation. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872838
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The asymptotic motion of an accelerating, thick layer of inviscid liquid (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Fluids 10 (1998), S. 101-112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7666
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Most studies of a gravitationally unstable interface between a liquid and a gas by boundary integral techniques prescribe the motion of the liquid in the far field. The mean gas pressure at the interface is then irrelevant in its motion. On the other hand, when a pressure jump is applied to a liquid column in a vertical duct, its acceleration is determined by the pressure jump no matter how tall the column. Previous studies of accelerating liquid layers [G. R. Baker, R. L. McCrory, C. P. Verdon, and S. A. Orszag, "Rayleigh–Taylor instability of fluid layers," J. Fluid Mech. 178, 161 (1987)] show that the motion of the gravitationally unstable interface depends on the reciprocal of the mean layer thickness H. In this paper, we derive an asymptotic boundary integral method that captures the O(1/H) effects on the motion of the unstable interface with a correction that is exponentially small in H. The validity of the asymptotic approach is confirmed by comparison with numerical simulations of the liquid layer. The success of the approach relies on expansions of the kernels in the boundary integrals, indicating that the procedure for deriving the asymptotic equations is more general than just for vertical ducts or periodic geometry. In a subsequent paper, we use our approach to derive the equations for the formation of a bubble at a submerged orifice that is driven by an increase in gas pressure. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.869553
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Density profile consistency and its relation to the transport of trapped versus passing electrons in tokamaks (1998)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 5 (1998), S. 2936-2941 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: A formal expression for the canonical steady-state density profile in a tokamak can be obtained from the Fokker–Planck-type diffusion equation derived from the Vlasov equation in the limit of anomalous diffusion due to strong turbulence. Here we derive an explicit expression for this canonical profile for a tokamak with arbitrary cross section and aspect ratio. The resulting profile is independent of the spatial dependence of the diffusion coefficient, but does depend on the relative diffusion of trapped versus passing particles. Under conditions where only the trapped particles transport due to interactions with the turbulence the profiles are considerably flatter than if both the trapped and passing transport the same. The steepness of the calculated profile depends on the ratio of the diffusion coefficients for passing and trapped particles. The calculated profiles are compared with measured profiles from the tokamak known as DIII-D [J. L. Luxon et al., Plasma Physics and Controlled Nuclear Fusion Research 1986 (International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, 1987), Vol. I, p. 159]. Density profiles for a typical International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER) [R. Aymar, Fusion Eng. Design 24, 977 (1984)] plasma are also derived. © 1998 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.873016
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Observation of the Langmuir decay instability driven by stimulated Raman scattering (1997)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 4 (1997), S. 3012-3020 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Thomson scattering was used to measure the Langmuir wave spectrum driven by stimulated Raman scattering. The Thomson scattering signals measured in the experiment showed Langmuir waves with components both parallel and antiparallel to the incident laser's wave vector, k0. The parallel component was attributed to stimulated Raman scattering. However, the Langmuir waves with components antiparallel to k0, which cannot be explained by stimulated Raman scattering, were attributed to the Langmuir decay instability (LDI). The relative amplitude of the two Langmuir wave features and their angular width supported the conclusion that the Langmuir waves traveling antiparallel to the incident laser's wave vector were driven by the Langmuir decay instability. © 1997 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.872436
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Meeting the challenge of detecting ion plasma waves (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 2 (1995), S. 2207-2215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Ion plasma waves—purely electrostatic ion waves with a wavelength of order of the electron Debye length and frequency of the order of the ion plasma frequency—have long been known in theory but have proven difficult to detect experimentally. The difficulties stemmed from the techniques used to produce the plasma and to drive and detect the waves. In the work reported here, these problems were overcome by using resonant laser scattering to detect ion plasma waves in a multiply ionized, laser-produced plasma. This nonetheless required careful experimental design to minimize frequency smearing of the scattered signal by plasma gradients. The plasma was extensively characterized, allowing comparison of the theoretical dispersion relation with the wave data. The agreement of these two provides conclusive proof of the detection of ion plasma waves. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871243
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of symmetry in indirect-drive laser fusion (1995)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Physics of Plasmas 2 (1995), S. 2488-2494 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7674
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Good radiation drive symmetry will be crucial for achieving ignition in laboratory inertial fusion experiments. The indirect-drive inertial confinement fusion (ICF) method utilizes the soft x-ray field in a radiation-containing cavity, or hohlraum, to help achieve a high degree of symmetry. Achievement of the conditions necessary for ignition and gain will require experimental fine tuning of the drive symmetry. In order to make tuning possible, a significant effort has been devoted to developing symmetry measurement techniques. These techniques have been applied to a series of experiments that give a graphic picture of the symmetry conditions in the complex hohlraum environment. These experiments have been compared with detailed, fully integrated theoretical modeling. The ultimate goal of this work is the detailed understanding of symmetry conditions and the methods for their control. Comparison with experiments provides crucial benchmarking for the modeling—a key element in planning for ignition. © 1995 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.871210
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Inverting chaos: Extracting system parameters from experimental data (1996)
    Woodbury, NY : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Chaos 6 (1996), S. 528-533 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7682
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Given a set of experimental or numerical chaotic data and a set of model differential equations with several parameters, is it possible to determine the numerical values for these parameters using a least-squares approach, and thereby to test the model against the data? We explore this question (a) with simulated data from model equations for the Rossler, Lorenz, and pendulum attractors, and (b) with experimental data produced by a physical chaotic pendulum. For the systems considered in this paper, the least-squares approach provides values of model parameters that agree well with values obtained in other ways, even in the presence of modest amounts of added noise. For experimental data, the "fitted'' and experimental attractors are found to have the same correlation dimension and the same positive Lyapunov exponent. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.166200
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