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Digitale Medien

Influence of the level of oxygenation in sediment and water on copper bioavailability to marine bivalves: laboratory experiments and translocation experiments in the field (1998)

Hummel, Herman ; Magni, Paolo ; Amiard-Triquet, Claude ; [weitere]

Springer

Hydrobiologia 373-374 (1998), S. 297-310

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ISSN: 1573-5117

Schlagwort(e): bivalves ; oxygen ; condition ; copper ; bioavailability ; translocation ; sediment ; silt fraction

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie

Notizen: Abstract The effects of differences in the level of oxygenation of sediment or water on the condition and copper content of two bivalves, the Baltic clam Macoma balthica and the cockle Cerastoderma edule, were assessed. Specimens from four intertidal flats in the Netherlands and France were compared, translocated and exposed to different levels of oxygen in the laboratory. Cockles showed no significant differences in condition and copper content between animals from light (= more oxygenated) and dark (= less oxygenated) sediments. Baltic clams also showed no differences in condition, but the clams had a higher copper content (concentration as well as body burden) in dark than in light sediments. During the translocation experiments no significant changes occurred. In the laboratory experiments the level of oxygen had no effect on the condition or copper content of the Baltic clam. The only factor affecting the copper content of Baltic clams was the addition of copper to the water or sediment. The copper, organic carbon and silt fraction (〈 16 µm) was higher in dark sediments than in light sediments. The copper content in the sediment was positively related to the silt and organic carbon content. We argue that the relation between coloration (= degree of oxygenation) of sediments and the copper content of Baltic clams could be indirect: due to a higher silt fraction and/or organic content at some places on a tidal flat, these places are more hypoxic and therefore darker, whereas simultaneously these places have a higher copper concentration because of more copper-complexing sites (and surface), whereby the higher copper concentration in the sediment relates to a higher copper concentration in the clams.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1017015504106

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Digitale Medien

Sensitivity to stress in the bivalve Macoma balthica from the most northern (Arctic) to the most southern (French) populations: low sensitivity in Arctic populations because of genetic adaptations? (1997)

Hummel, Herman ; Bogaards, Roelof ; Bek, Tatiana ; [weitere]

Springer

Hydrobiologia 355 (1997), S. 127-138

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ISSN: 1573-5117

Schlagwort(e): Arctic ; adaptation ; copper ; distribution limit ; genetics ; geographic cline ; Macoma balthica ; stress sensitivity ; survival in air

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie

Notizen: Abstract The stress sensitivity, determined in copper exposureexperiments and in survival in air tests, and thegenetic structure, measured by means of isoenzymeelectrophoresis, were assessed in populations of theBaltic clam Macoma balthica (L.) from itssouthern to its northern distribution limit, in orderto test the hypotheses that near the distributionlimit the clams would be more stress sensitive andwould have a lower genetic variability. Thepopulations in west and north Europe show a stronggenetic resemblance. The populations in the sub-ArcticWhite Sea are genetically slightly different, and showa low stress sensitivity. The populations in theArctic Pechora Sea are genetically very distant fromthe other populations, and show the lowest stresssensitivity. Near the southern distribution limit, inagreement with the hypotheses, genetic variability islow and stress sensitivity high. On the other hand, incontrast to expectation, near the northerndistribution limit, in the populations of the PechoraSea, the genetic variability was higher, thus notreduced, and the stress sensitivity was low comparedto all other populations. Yet, it remains a questionif such is due to gradual physiologicalacclimatization (and ongoing differential selection)or to genetic adaptation.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1003009524563

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