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  • 1
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    Evidence for substantial accumulation rate variability in Antarctica during the Holocene through synchronization of CO2 in the Taylor Dome , Dome C and DML ice cores (2004)
    In:  EPIC3Earth and planetary science letters, 224, pp. 45-54, ISSN: 0012-821X
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-17
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , isiRev
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Systematics of elasticity: Ab initio study in B1-type alkaline earth oxides (2001)
    College Park, Md. : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    The Journal of Chemical Physics 114 (2001), S. 10086-10093 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7690
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The elastic properties and their pressure dependence of four B1-type alkaline earth oxides, MgO, CaO, SrO, and BaO, are calculated using the ab initio full-potential linear muffin-tin-orbital (FP-LMTO) generalized gradient approximated (GGA) method to elucidate their systematics. The calculated results agree quite well with the comparable experimental data. The large pressure dependence of c11 and c44 of MgO observed over 25 GPa is not predicted as well as the previous local-density approximation (LDA) calculations. It is inferred that the high-pressure measurement of elastic constant is quite sensitive to nonhydrostaticity. The deviation from the Cauchy relation and the elastic anisotropy are investigated. It is found that the interatomic interaction in SrO is nearest to the two-body force and the many-body contribution is largest in MgO. The elastic anisotropy in SrO and BaO are almost the same and only MgO has a large positive anisotropy under low pressure. The normalized elastic constants cij′ are introduced for more detail analysis. It is found that while there is no substantial difference in c11′ and c12′ of the four oxides, only c44′ and its pressure dependence vary systematically. The difference in the Cauchy deviation and elastic anisotropy of alkaline earth oxides under pressure is characterized by c44. © 2001 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1371498
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cryopreservation of the sperm of the Japanese bitterling (2001)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of fish biology 58 (2001), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1095-8649
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Sperm of the Japanese bitterling Tanakia limbata that had been cryopreserved with 5 or 10% methanol plus 95 or 90% foetal bovine serum (FBS) showed higher percentage and longer duration of motility than those that had been cryopreserved with 90% FBS and 10% DMSO, glycerol, N,N-dimethylacetamide or N, N-dimethylformamide. Foetal bovine serum, used as extender, had some cryoprotective effects when spermatozoa were cooled either with 10% methanol or without methanol. Spermatozoa, cooled to −40° C and then immersed in liquid nitrogen, had greater post-thaw motility than those cooled to −20, −60, or −80° C. The post-thaw percentage of motile spermatozoa increased significantly (P 〈 0·001) with decreases in the freezing rate from 60 to 5°C min−1. These results indicate that 10% methanol plus 90% foetal bovine serum is a suitable diluent for cryopreservation of bitterling spermatozoa and that samples should be cooled to -40°C at a low freezing rate for effective storage.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1095-8649.2001.tb00521.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular simulation and multiscale homogenization analysis for microinhomogeneous clay materials (2003)
    Bradford : Emerald
    Engineering computations 20 (2003), S. 559-582 
    Details
    ISSN: 0264-4401
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Technology
    Notes: Materials commonly involve microstructure. Clay is a microinhomogeneous material with nanoscale microstructure. Key issues to understand the behavior of such a finely microinhomogeneous material are as follows: the microstructure is characterized in detail, the local distribution of material properties is identified by experiment or simulation, and the microscale characteristics are related to the macroscale behavior by a seamless manner. For characterizing a microstructure of bentonite, we introduce a conforcal laser scanning microscope (CLSM) together with SEM. By CLSM we can specify a 3D configuration under atmospheric condition. Properties of water-saturated bentonite are mainly controlled by hydrated montmorillonite, which is the major clay mineral of bentonite. Smectite minerals including montmorillonite are extremely fine and poorly crystallized, so it is difficult to determine the properties by experiment. We inquire into the physicochemical properties by a molecular dynamics simulation method. Then, we develop a multiscale homogenization method to extend the microscopic characteristics to the macroscopic behavior. We show numerical examples of a diffusion problem.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/02644400310502450
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Structure of Glassy Carbon (1971)
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 231 (1971), S. 175-176 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The lack of information about the starting materials and the carbonization process given by manufacturers precludes the elucidation of the structure of the material; it is necessary to study carbonization mechanisms in well-defined starting materials. We have previously shown that glassy carbon ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/231175a0
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    LacZ Gene Transfer to Cultured Bone Marrow Cells with Hydroxyapatite (2001)
    s.l. ; Stafa-Zurich, Switzerland
    Key engineering materials Vol. 218-220 (Nov. 2001), p. 223-226 
    Details
    ISSN: 1013-9826
    Source: Scientific.Net: Materials Science & Technology / Trans Tech Publications Archiv 1984-2008
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://www.tib-hannover.de/fulltexts/2011/0528/01/46/transtech_doi~10.4028%252Fwww.scientific.net%252FKEM.218-220.223.pdf
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The elasticity of the MgSiO 3 post-perovskite phase in the Earth's lowermost mantle (2004)
    [s.l.] : Macmillian Magazines Ltd.
    Nature 430 (2004), S. 442-445 
    Details
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] MgSiO3 perovskite has been assumed to be the dominant component of the Earth's lower mantle, although this phase alone cannot explain the discontinuity in seismic velocities observed 200–300 km above the core–mantle boundary (the D″ discontinuity) or the ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nature02702
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fabrication of surface relief gratings on transparent dielectric materials by two-beam holographic method using infrared femtosecond laser pulses (2000)
    Springer
    Applied physics 71 (2000), S. 119-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: PACS: 42.62-b; 42.40.Eq; 77.84-s
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract. Fabrication of surface relief-type gratings in transparent dielectrics, which are hard to machine, has been achieved by a holographic technique using two infrared femtosecond (fs) pulses from a mode-locked Ti:sapphire laser. The present method can be applied for a variety of transparent dielectrics, Al2O3 (sapphire), TiO2, ZrO2, LiNbO3, SiC, ZnO, CdF2, MgO, CaF2 crystals, and SiO2 glass. It is found that the grating formation is due primarily to laser ablation processes. Planar surface relief gratings can be fabricated by colliding two fs laser pulses on the surface of substrates which move at a constant speed, synchronized with the laser repetition rate.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003400000335
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new glassy carbon fibre (1970)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 5 (1970), S. 262-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract It is shown that phenol-hexamine polymers may be extruded from the melt to produce fibres which may be carbonised to form fine high-strength glassy carbon fibres with a tensile strength of up to 2 GNm−2 (300 000 Ib in−2) after 900° C heat-treatment. The fibres have a specific modulus of ∼5 Mm compared with ∼14 Mm for carbonised polyacrylonitrile fibres and ∼3 Mm for silica glass fibres. Both strength and modulus increase rapidly with decrease in diameter. The fibres are subjected to no special surface treatment after extrusion but electron microscopy indicates the presence of a thin textured sheath surrounding a true glassy carbon core in the final fibre. The fibres have the advantages of glassy carbon (inertness to chemical attack, resistance to abrasion) and give promise of a new range of cheap high-strength carbon fibres derived from coal tar fractions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00551003
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mechanical properties of glassy carbon fibres derived from phenolic resin (1972)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 7 (1972), S. 1099-1112 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Mechanical properties of glassy carbon fibres produced from a phenolic resin were determined by static tensile testing. These specimens are of special interest because they consist of an isotropic core surrounded by a sheath of oriented material of varying relative thickness. The chemistry of pyrolysis of the resin is summarized and the changes in mechanical properties of the fibres are discussed in terms of the pyrolysis mechanisms. The results are compared with hardness measurements made on discs produced from the same starting material. Scanning electron microscope studies revealed that the fibres have various types of flaws both in the surface and in the core. The effect of these flaws on the fibre strength is discussed by applying Griffith crack theory.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00550191
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