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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electroporation of cells (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Physiologia plantarum 79 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: By measuring uptake of the membrane impermeable dye. phenosafranine, it can be shown that the plasma membrane of intact cells within cell aggregates can be reversibly permeabilized by electroporation. However, the plant cell wall is a barrier to DNA uptake by intact cells, although under certain circumstances expression of DNA, electroporated into intact cells, can be demonstrated. The level of expression is about 20–50 times lower than that obtained by electroporation of protoplasts, and depends on cell wall properties and pretreatments of cell aggregates. In contrast, efficient transformation of whole cells of bacteria and yeasts can be achieved by electroporation. Factors which influence DNA transfer into whole plant cells and the possibility of stable transformation are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-3054.1990.tb05881.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Plant regeneration from protoplasts of Solanum species with potential agricultural value (S. hjertingii, S. polyadenium, S. capsicibaccatum) (1991)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 9 (1991), S. 520-522 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Protoplasts have been isolated from three tuber-bearing Solanum species, S. hjertingii, S. polyadenium and S. capsicibaccatum, that are sexually incompatible with S. tuberosum, but possess potentially useful characters. For isolating protoplasts from leaves of in vitro shoot cultures of S. hjertingii and S. capsicibaccatum growth was improved by including silver thiosulfate in the medium. However, for S. polyadenium, leaves of pot-grown plants were the best source for protoplasts. Following protoplast division and culture, plants were regenerated from protoplasts of each of the species. The pattern of chromosome variation in regenerants was similar to that observed for other diploid and tetraploid Solanum species. The results indicate that it should be possible to introduce the potentially useful germplasm from these wild species into somatic hybrids with S. tuberosum by protoplast fusion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00232110
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of photoperiod on the levels of seven endogenous gibberellins in the long-day plant Agrostemma githago L. (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 149 (1980), S. 274-279 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Agrostemma ; Gibberellin ; Photoperiodism ; Stem elongation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The following seven gibberellins (GAs) have been identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in shoots and leaves of the long-day plant Agrostemma githago: GA53, GA44, GA19, GA17, GA20, GA1, and 3-epi-GA1. The levels of these compounds were measured, using selected ion monitoring, during photoperiodic induction. The levels of GA44, GA19, GA17, and GA20 all increased to a peak at eight long days (LD), followed by a decline, while the levels of GA1 and 3-epi-GA1 did not reach a peak until 12 LD. The level of GA53 remained steady over the first 10–12 LD. Later in the LD treatment the levels of GA53, GA44, GA19, and GA17 increased again. The rate of metabolism of all GAs except GA53 was higher after 12–16 LD than under short days. These data thus provide indirect evidence for an effect of photoperiodic induction on GA turnover in A. githago.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00384565
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Gibberellins and the photoperiodic control of stem elongation in the long-day plant Agrostemma githago L. (1980)
    Springer
    Planta 149 (1980), S. 269-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2048
    Keywords: Agrostemma ; Gibberellin ; Growth retardant ; Photoperiodism ; Stem elongation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Agrostemma githago is a long-day rosette plant in which transfer from short days (SD) to long days (LD) results in rapid stem elongation, following a lag phase of 7–8 d. Application of gibberellin A20 (GA20) stimulated stem elongation in plants under SD, while 2-isopropyl-4-dimethylamino-5-methylphenyl-1-piperidine-carboxylate methyl chloride (AMO-1618, an inhibitor of GA biosynthesis) inhibited stem elongation in plants exposed to LD. This inhibition of stem elongation by AMO-1618 was overcome by simultaneous application of GA20, indicating that GAs play a role in the photoperiodic control of stem elongation in this species. Endogenous GA-like substances were analyzed using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and the d-5 corn (Zea mays L.) assay. Three zones with GA-like activity were detected and designated, in order of decreasing polarity, as A, B, and C. A transient, 10-fold increase in the activity of zone B occurred after 8–10 LD, coincident with the transition from lag phase to the phase of rapid stem elongation. After 16 LD the activity in this zone had returned to a level similar to that under SD, even though the plants were elongating rapidly by this time. However, when AMO-1618 was applied to plants after 11 LD, there was a rapid reduction in the rate of stem elongation, indicating that continued GA biosynthesis was necessary following the transient increase in activity of zone B, if stem elongation was to continue under LD. It was concluded that control of stem elongation in A. githago involves more than a simple qualitative or quantitative change in the levels of endogenous GAs, and that photoperiodic induction alters both the sensitivity to GAs and the rate of turnover of endogenous GAs.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00384564
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Species-specific sequences in the genus Solanum: identification, characterization, and application to study somatic hybrids of S. brevidens and S. tuberosum (1990)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 80 (1990), S. 693-698 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Potato ; Solanum brevidens ; Somatic hybrids ; Species-specific probes ; Squash blots
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary To aid in the identification and analysis of somatic hybrids between potato (Solanum tuberosum, dihaploid line PDH 40) and the non tuber-bearing wild species S. brevidens, a series of species-specific repetitive DNA sequences have been isolated. This was accomplished by making libraries of HaeIII-digested total DNA of S. tuberosum and S. brevidens, by cloning fragments into the SmaI site of plasmid pUC18 and transforming them into E. coli (JM83). The S. brevidens library consisted of 1,000 recombinant clones, and that of S. tuberosum, 700. Nitrocellulose filters with recombinant clones were hybridised to nick-translated total DNA of S. brevidens and also S. tuberosum, and, following autoradiography, clones that hybridised strongly to the DNA of only one of the species were chosen. Two highly repeated S. brevidens clones (pSB1, 400 bp and pSB7,210 bp), one highcopy-number s. tuberosum clone (pST10, 200 bp) and one low-copy-number sequence of S. tuberosum (pST3, 1.5 kbp) were selected for further analysis by Southern hybridisation to digested total DNA. Clone pSB7 gave a ladder pattern on hybridisation to EcoR1-digested total DNA of S. brevidens, with signals at multiples of 200 bp DNA. Using these probes it was possible to verify the hybridity of putative hybrids of dihaploid S. tuberosum and S.brevidens, and to confirm by Southern analysis and by slot blots the parental genome dosage of hexaploid hybrids (two s. brevidens: one S. tuberosum, and vice-versa). The S. tuberosum-specific probe, pSTIO, hybridised with DNA of three other tuber-bearing wild species (S. hjertingii, S. capsicibaccatum and S. berthaultii). A squash-blot procedure was developed using the probes that would allow early identification of somatic hybrid callus. There are a number of useful applications of such species-specific probes in the identification and analysis of somatic hybrids.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00224231
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Production of asymmetric hybrids between Solanum tuberosum and irradiated S. brevidens (1993)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 85 (1993), S. 729-734 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Protoplast fusion ; Gamma irradiation ; Partial genome transfer ; Solanum tuberosum ; Solanum brevidens
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Asymmetric somatic hybrids were obtained by fusion of Solanum tuberosum (PDH40) protoplasts with 300- or 500-Gy irradiated protoplasts of S. brevidens. These radiation doses were sufficient to prevent the growth of the S. brevidens protoplasts. Putative hybrids were selected on the basis of phenotype from regenerated shoots and identified with a S. brevidens-specific probe. From these, 31 asymmetric hybrids were confirmed by morphological characteristics, isoenzyme patterns and RFLP analysis. The morphology of the asymmetric hybrids was intermediate between that of S. tuberosum and symmetric hybrids of both species (obtained without irradiation treatment). Chromosome counts from 17 asymmetric hybrids showed that the chromosome number of the hybrids ranged from 31 to 64. The asymmetric hybrids probably had one or two genome complements (i.e. either 24 or 48 chromosomes) from S. tuberosum and 7–22 chromosomes from S. brevidens. There was no clear correlation between the radiation dose and the degree of elimination of the S. brevidens genome.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00225012
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Analysis of the mitochondrial DNA of the somatic hybrids of Solanum brevidens and S. tuberosum using non-radioactive digoxigenin-labelled DNA probes (1993)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 85 (1993), S. 1017-1022 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Potato ; S. brevidens ; Mitchondrial DNA ; Somatic hybrids ; Non-radioactive labelling
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Mitochondrial (mt) DNAs of somatic hybrids obtained by electrical and chemical fusion of mesophyll protoplasts of S. brevidens and a dihaploid line of S. tuberosum PDH 40 were analysed by Southern hybridization using the digoxigenin-labelled mtDNA sequences nad5 or orf25. In the Southern analysis of the hybrid mtDNA probed with nad5, most of the 19 hybrids analyzed had an RFLP pattern similar, but not identical, to one of the parents, S. tuberosum, PDH40. Nineteen percent of the hybrids had most of the S. brevidens fragments. Five of the hybrids had an identical RFLP pattern to either one of the parents while another two hybrids had novel RFLP patterns. Similar results were obtained by Southern analysis with orf25. These results clearly show that mtDNA rearrangements had occurred at a high frequency in the somatic hybrids. There were no differences in the frequencies of rearrangements observed between the hybrids regenerated from chemical and electrical fusions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00215042
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transgenic yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus) (2000)
    Springer
    Plant cell reports 19 (2000), S. 634-637 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-203X
    Keywords: Key words Lupinus luteus ; Yellow lupin ; Agrobacterium tumefaciens ; bar gene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Transgenic yellow lupin (Lupinus luteus L.) plants have been generated by meristem co-cultivation with Agrobacterium tumefaciens. The binary plasmid pPZBNIa contains the bar gene under the control of a CaMV 35 S promoter. The transformation method involves inoculation of embryonic axis explants with A. tumefaciens, flooding the meristem with glufosinate, and initial culture on non-selective medium. Shoots were transferred to culture medium containing 20 mg/l glufosinate. Following subculture, shoots were grafted onto non-transgenic narrow-leafed lupin (L. angustifolius L.) seedling rootstocks, or rooted in vitro. The overall transformation efficiency, as determined at the T1 generation, was 0.05%–0.75%. The transgenic nature of plants grown to the T6 generation was confirmed by phosphinothricin acetyl transferase, PCR and Southern analyses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002990050785
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  • 9
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    The effect of photoperiod on the levels of seven endogenous gibberellins in the long-day plant Agrostemma githago L. (1980)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-08-01
    Print ISSN: 0032-0935
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-2048
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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  • 10
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    Gibberellins and the photoperiodic control of stem elongation in the long-day plant Agrostemma githago L. (1980)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 1980-08-01
    Print ISSN: 0032-0935
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-2048
    Topics: Biology
    Published by Springer
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