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  • 2020-2024  (2)
  • 2005-2009  (6)
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  • 1
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    Variations of daytime and nighttime electron temperature and heat flux in the upper ionosphere, topside ionosphere and lower plasmasphere for low and high solar activity (2009)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-12-01
    Print ISSN: 1364-6826
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-1824
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 2
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    Altitude variation of the plasmapause signature in the main ionospheric trough (2009)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-11-01
    Print ISSN: 1364-6826
    Electronic ISSN: 1879-1824
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Published by Elsevier
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 3
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    Relating OGO-5 H(+) Plasmapause Transitions to Mid-Latitude Topside-Ionospheric Signatures (2009)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-19
    Description: Plasmapause transitions, as seen in the H + and He+ density gradients measured by the Orbiting Geophysical Observatory 5 (OGO 5) ion spectrometer [Sharp, IEE Trans. in Geosci. Elect., 1969], have been investigated in an attempt to relate them to their topside ionospheric signatures as seen in the Alouette-1 & 2 and ISIS-1 data. The satellite data were obtained from the National Space Science Data Center (NSSDC). A search of the OGO-5 data revealed 54 sharp plasmapause crossings as evaluated from the H+ density. The ionospheric footprints (at 1400 km altitude) of the magnetic-field lines through the locations of these plasmapause crossings were then used to search for topside ionospheric electron-density profiles from the NSSDC. No profiles corresponding to these projections were identified. A similar search of the topside-sounder 35-mm ionogram-film database, however, identified 17 cases of candidate "conjunctions" involving Alouette l & 2 and ISIS 1. We will present samples of the plasmapause OGO-5 ion transitions and the related topside ionospheric signatures and discuss the observations in relation to the recent similar study based on Explorer-45 and ISIS-2 data [Grebowsky et al., JASTP, 2009].
    Keywords: Meteorology and Climatology
    Type: American Geophysical Union 12228-10ST 2009 Fall AGU Conference; Dec 13, 2009 - Dec 19, 2009; San Francisco, CA; United States
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 4
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    Altitude Variation of the Plasmapause Signature in the Main Ionospheric Trough (2009)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The projection of the plasmapause magnetic-field lines to low altitudes, where the light-ion chemistry is dominated by O(+), tends to occur near the minimum electron density in the main (midlatitude) electron density trough at night. With increasing attitude in the trough, where H(+) emerges as the dominant iota on the low-latitude boundary, we have found cases where the plasmapause field lines are located on the sharp low-Latitude side of the trough as expected if this topside ionosphere H(+) distribution varies in step with the plasmapause gradient in the distant plasmasphere. These conclusions are based on near-equatorial crossings of the plasmapause (corresponding to the steep gradient in the dominant species H(+) by the Explorer-45 satellite as determined from electric-field measurements by Maynard and Cauffman in the early 1970s and ISIS-2 ionospheric topside-sounder measurements. The former data have now been converted to digital form and made available at http://nssdcftp.gsfc.nasa.gov. The latter provide samples of nearly coincident observations of ionospheric main trough crossings near the same magnetic-field lines of the Explorer 45-determined equatorial plasmapause. The ISIS-2 vertical electron density profiles are used to infer where the F-region transitions from an O(+) to a H(+) dominated plasma through the main trough boundaries.
    Keywords: Geophysics
    Type: Journal of Atmospheric and Solar-Terrestrial Physics; 71; 16; 1669-1676
    Format: application/pdf
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 5
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    Investigating Changes in the High-Latitude Topside Ionosphere During Large Magnetic Storms (2009)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-19
    Description: A search was conducted to locate periods of nearly simultaneous solar-wind and high latitude topside-ionospheric data during magnetic storms. The focus was on the 20-yr interval from 1965 to 1985 when both solar-wind and Alouette/ISIS topside-sounder data are potentially available. The search yielded 125 large magnetic storms (minimum Dst less than 100) and 280 moderate magnetic storms (minimum Dst between -60 and -100). Solar wind data were available for most, but not all, of these storms. A search of the available high-latitude topside electron-density Ne(h) profiles available from the National Space Science Data Center (NSSDC), both from manual inspection of 35-mm film ionograms in the 1960s and more recent auto-processing of ISIS-2 topside digital ionograms using the TOPIST software, during 9-day intervals associated with the 125 large magnetic storm minimum Dst times yielded the following results: 31 intervals had 10 or more manual-scaled profiles (21 intervals had more than 100 profiles and 5 of these had more than 1,000 profiles), and 34 intervals had 10 or more TOPIST profiles (2 intervals had more than 100 profiles). In addition, a search of the available Alouette-2, ISIS-1 and ISIS-2 digital ionograms during the above periods has yielded encouraging initial results in that many ISIS-1 ionograms were found for the early time intervals. Future work will include the search for 35-mm film ionograms during selected intervals. This presentation will illustrate the results of this investigation to date.
    Keywords: Meteorology and Climatology
    Type: 12228-10-ST 2009 Fall AGU Conference; Dec 13, 2009 - Dec 19, 2009; San Francisco, CA; United States
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 6
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    High-Altitude High-Latitude Electron-Density and Magnetic-Field Enhancements Observed during Magnetic Storms - Including the Storm of 17 April 2002 (2009)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-19
    Description: In addition to the spectacular remote measurements from the Imager for Magnetopause-to-Aurora Global Exploration (IMAGE) satellite [Burch, Space Sci. Rev., 2003], the Radio Plasma Imager (RPI) on IMAGE had the capability of making accurate magnetospheric local electron-density and magnetic-field determinations in addition to obtaining remote electron-density profiles [Reinisch et al., GRL, 2001; Benson et al., JGR, 2003]. These determinations were made using interleaved passive and active modes of operation of the RPI; the former were used to produce dynamic spectra and the latter to produce plasmagrams during active sounding. The plasmagrams of particular interest in this investigation were produced during the apogee (8 RE) portion of the IMAGE orbit when the RPI often operated in a high-resolution mode (300 Hz frequency steps) designed for accurate frequency measurements of sounder-stimulated plasma resonances. Here we present examples from 2001 and 2002, when the IMAGE apogee was at high latitudes, of large increase the electron density and magnetic-field intensity (relative to quiet control conditions) during magnetic storms. During the 17 April 2002 storm, the electron density increased by about a factor of 4 and the magnetic-field intensity increased by nearly a factor of 2. During the much larger storm of 31 March 2001, the RPI data presented in Osherovich et al. [2007] indicates that the electron density increased by about a factor of 10.
    Keywords: Meteorology and Climatology
    Type: 12228-10-ST 2009 Fall AGU Conference; Dec 13, 2009 - Dec 19, 2009; San Francisco, CA; United States
    Format: text
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    NASA TECHNICAL REPORTS
  • 7
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    Mid- and High-Latitude Electron Temperature Dependence on Solar Activity in the Topside Ionosphere through the Swarm B Satellite Observations and the International Reference Ionosphere Model (2024)
    MDPI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-17
    Description: This study focuses on the open question of the electron temperature (Te) variation with solar activity in the topside ionosphere at mid- and high latitudes. It takes advantage of in situ observations taken over a decade (2014–2023) from Langmuir probes on board the low-Earth-orbit Swarm B satellite and spanning an altitude range of 500–530 km. The study also includes a comparison with Te values modeled using the International Reference Ionosphere (IRI) model and with Millstone Hill (42.6° N. 71.5° W) incoherent scatter radar observations. The largest Te variation with solar activity was found at high latitudes in the winter season, where Te shows a marked decreasing trend with solar activity in the polar cusp and auroral regions and, more importantly, at sub-auroral latitudes in the nightside sector. Differently, in the summer season, Te increases with solar activity in the polar cusp and auroral regions, while for equinoxes, variations are smaller and less clear. Mid-latitudes generally show negligible Te variations with solar activity, which are mostly within the natural dispersion of Te observations. The comparison between measured and modeled values highlighted that future implementations of the IRI model would benefit from an improved description of the Te dependence on solar activity, especially at high latitudes.
    Description: Published
    Description: 490
    Description: OSA3: Climatologia e meteorologia spaziale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: 01.02. Ionosphere
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 8
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    Investigating the Main Features of the Correlation Between Electron Density and Temperature in the Topside Ionosphere Through Swarm Satellites Data (2024)
    Wiley-Agu
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-19
    Description: Electron density (Ne) and electron temperature (Te) observations collected by Langmuir Probes on board the European Space Agency (ESA) Swarm B satellite are used to characterize their correlation in the topside ionosphere at an altitude of about 500 km. Spearman correlation coefficient values (RSpearman) are calculated on joint probability distributions between Ne and Te for selected conditions. The large data set of Swarm B observations at 2-Hz rate, covering the years 2014–2022, allowed investigating the correlation properties of the topside ionospheric plasma on a global scale, for different diurnal and seasonal conditions, with both a coverage and a detail never reached before. Results are given as maps of RSpearman as a function of the Quasi-Dipole (QD) magnetic latitude and magnetic local time (MLT) coordinates. The characterization of the correlation at high latitudes, along with the description of the diurnal trend at all latitudes, are the new findings of this study. The main correlation features point out a negative correlation at the morning overshoot, during daytime at mid latitudes, and during nighttime at the ionospheric trough and subauroral latitudes. Conversely, a positive correlation dominates the nighttime hours at mid and low latitudes and, to a minor extent, the low latitudes from 09 MLT onwards. A seasonal dependence of the correlation is noticeable only at very high latitudes where the general pattern of the negative correlation does not hold around ±75° QD latitude in the summer season. Results from Swarm B have been statistically compared and discussed with observations from the Arecibo, Jicamarca, and Millstone Hill incoherent scatter radars.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2023JA032201
    Description: OSA3: Climatologia e meteorologia spaziale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: ionosphere ; 01.02. Ionosphere
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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