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  • Articles  (61)
  • 2020-2024
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  • Computer Science  (61)
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  • Articles  (61)
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  • 1
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    Detailed images of asteroid 25143 Itokawa from Hayabusa (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-03
    Description: Rendezvous of the Japanese spacecraft Hayabusa with the near-Earth asteroid 25143 Itokawa took place during the interval September through November 2005. The onboard camera imaged the solid surface of this tiny asteroid (535 meters by 294 meters by 209 meters) with a spatial resolution of 70 centimeters per pixel, revealing diverse surface morphologies. Unlike previously explored asteroids, the surface of Itokawa reveals both rough and smooth terrains. Craters generally show unclear morphologies. Numerous boulders on Itokawa's surface suggest a rubble-pile structure.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Saito, J -- Miyamoto, H -- Nakamura, R -- Ishiguro, M -- Michikami, T -- Nakamura, A M -- Demura, H -- Sasaki, S -- Hirata, N -- Honda, C -- Yamamoto, A -- Yokota, Y -- Fuse, T -- Yoshida, F -- Tholen, D J -- Gaskell, R W -- Hashimoto, T -- Kubota, T -- Higuchi, Y -- Nakamura, T -- Smith, P -- Hiraoka, K -- Honda, T -- Kobayashi, S -- Furuya, M -- Matsumoto, N -- Nemoto, E -- Yukishita, A -- Kitazato, K -- Dermawan, B -- Sogame, A -- Terazono, J -- Shinohara, C -- Akiyama, H -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2006 Jun 2;312(5778):1341-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Hayabusa Project Team, Institute of Space and Astronautical Sciences (ISAS), Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), 3-1-1 Yoshinodai, Sagamihara, Kanagawa 229-8510, Japan. saitoj@planeta.sci.isas.jaxa.jp〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16741110" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Detailed Images of Asteroid 25143 Itokawa from Hayabusa (2006)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2006-06-02
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reflection and time-dependent computing: Experiences with the R2 architecture (1996)
    Springer
    Higher-order and symbolic computation 9 (1996), S. 243-277 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0557
    Keywords: Real-time computing ; computational reflection ; meta-level programming ; object-based concurrency
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we present an application of computational reflection in the programming oftime-dependent systems. A time-dependent system performs its tasks according to timing specifications specified within the system or imposed from outside the system. Reflective techniques can be applied to programming time-dependent systems because (1) some application programs require the introduction of a new language construct for specifying timing requirements and (2) different applications may require domain-specific scheduling algorithms. To allow a programmer to add or modify language constructs or scheduling algorithms, however, a clear reflective architecture and program interfaces must be provided. This paper proposes a concurrent object-based reflective architecture (R 2 architecture) for time-dependent computing. This architecture is based on anindividual reflection scheme and introduces new meta-level objects (real-time meta objects) that are responsible for time-dependent capabilities. An alarm-clock object and a scheduler object are introduced, and message protocols between them and real-time meta objects are defined. We implemented this architecture on ABCL/R2 and created the Sampled Sound Player program as an application. With this application we provided three different scheduler objects and measured the impact of different scheduling algorithms on sound playback. The measured results show that a scheduler with more complex computations at the meta level exhibited less scheduling overhead, thus was capable of better sound playback. The other example, Time-dependent Graceful Degradation Scheme, demonstrates the programming of functionality degradation triggered by failure to satisfy timing specifications.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01806114
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kinematic construction of the trajectory of sequential arm movements (1999)
    Springer
    Biological cybernetics 80 (1999), S. 157-169 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0770
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Computer Science , Physics
    Notes: Abstract. A kinematic construction rule determining the trajectory of human sequential movements is formulated using minimum-jerk and minimum-angular-jerk trajectories. The kinematic construction rule states that the observed trajectory of sequential movements coincides with a weighted average of the minimum-jerk trajectory and the segmented minimum-angular-jerk trajectory. This rule covers not only point-to-point movements but also simple sequential movements. Five kinds of experiments that measure the trajectories in planar, multijoint sequential arm movements were conducted. The measured trajectories coincide with the predictions made on the basis of the kinematic construction rule presented here. Moreover, predictions of previous models such as the minimum-jerk, the equilibrium-trajectory, and the minimum-torque-change models are shown to be incompatible with our observations of sequential movements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s004220050514
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Distributed computing architecture for effective management of multimedia streams on DPE (1996)
    Springer
    Multimedia tools and applications 2 (1996), S. 233-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7721
    Keywords: distributed processing environment ; TINA ; directory system ; VOD services
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract We study a networking architecture model that is built on a distributed processing environment (DPE) for multimedia services suitable for high speed transport networks such as ATM networks. In this architecture, the applications are deployed as units of software building blocks. Each building block provides a layered view for the effective management and control of the multimedia network resources and services according to the concept of telecommunications management network (TMN) and telecommunications information networking architecture (TINA). For the purpose of flexible service provision to users and effective service introduction by service providers, this architecture proposes the adoption of ad hoc service building blocks such as a video on demand building block and a CSCW building block that have interactions with a general purpose building block. This paper also proposes a naming structure for the management of user profiles and session profiles using a directory service system, and an effective control model for multimedia logical device objects using a stream process approach. The proposed model is implemented on a DPE platform that provides various transparencies, ANSAware.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00455020
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Virtual Society: Collaboration in 3D Spaces on the Internet (1997)
    Springer
    Computer supported cooperative work 6 (1997), S. 227-250 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7551
    Keywords: Distributed virtual environment ; Internet ; collaboration ; consistency ; VRML
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract The Virtual Society (VS) project is a long term research initiativethat is investigating the evolution of the futureelectronic society. Our vision for this electronic societyis a shared 3D virtual world where users, from homes and offices, canexplore, interact and work. Our first implementation of aninfrastructure to support our investigation is known asCommunityPlace and has been developed to support large-scale shared 3D spaces onthe Internet using the Virtual Reality Modeling Language (VRML). Obviously, such an ambitious project cutsacross many different domains. In this paper we outline thegoals of the Virtual Society project, discuss the architecture andimplementation of CommunityPlace with particular emphasis on Internetrelated technologies such as VRML and present our views on the role ofVRML and the Internet to support large-scale shared 3D spaces.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008672915465
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A new IABP-triggering method using an endocardial ECG (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of clinical monitoring and computing 10 (1994), S. 67-68 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2614
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01651468
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Continuous monitoring of ventilatory mechanics during one-lung ventilation (1996)
    Springer
    Journal of clinical monitoring and computing 12 (1996), S. 161-164 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-2614
    Keywords: Lung: ventilation, one-lung ; Spirometry: flow-ratevolume, pressure-volume, peak inspiratory pressure, dynamic compliance
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Objective. The Ultima SV respiratory monitor can be used to monitor the intraoperative effects of the lateral decubitus position and one-lung ventilation on ventilatory mechanics.Methods. Eight patients with esophageal cancer who required one-lung ventilation for esophagectomy and reconstruction were enrolled in the study. We monitored pressure-volume or flow-rate-volume loops continuously throughout the operation. Respiratory parameters were evaluated closely during five conditions of ventilation: two-lung ventilation in the supine position, two-lung ventilation in the lateral decubitus position, dependent one-lung ventilation in the lateral decubitus position, nondependent one-lung ventilation in the lateral decubitus position, and dependent one-lung ventilation in the lateral decubitus position with the chest opened. Respiratory rate was controlled at 10 breaths/min, and tidal volume was kept constant (10 ml/kg) during surgery.Results. Peak inspiratory pressure increased to 29.0 ± 9.0 (mean ± SD) cm H2O in the dependent one-lung in the lateral decubitus position with the chest opened (p 〈 0.01). Dynamic compliance decreased to 29.4 ± 4.9 ml/cm H2O in the dependent one-lung in the lateral decubitus position with the chest opened (p 〈 0.01). The changing configuration of the loops also offered additional and instantaneous information during one-lung ventilation.Conclusions. One-lung ventilation caused several changes in the whole respiratory system (lung, thorax, and endotracheal tube). Continuous monitoring of flow-rate-volume or pressure-volume loops with in-line spirometry provided comprehensive information regarding parameters in one-lung ventilation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02078137
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Hierarchical program specification and verification — a many-sorted logical approach (1980)
    Springer
    Acta informatica 14 (1980), S. 135-155 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0525
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Summary The notion of abstractions in programming is characterized by the distinction between specification and implementation. As far as the specification structures are concerned, hierarchical program development with abstraction mechanisms is naturally regarded as a process of theory extensions in a many-sorted logic. To support such program development, a language called t is proposed with which one can structuredly build up theories and write their program implementation. There, the implementation is regarded as another level of theory extension, and the relation between the specification and the implementation of an abstraction is characterized in terms of a homomorphism between the two theories. On this formalism, a mechanizable proof method is introduced for validation of implementations of both data and procedural abstraction. Finally, a new data type concept is introduced to generalize the so-called type-parametrization mechanism. A justification of this concept within the first order logic is provided as well as its applications to program structuring and verification.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00288541
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  • 10
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    Combinational risk factors of metabolic syndrome identified by fuzzy neural network analysis of health-check data (2012)
    BioMed Central
    Details
    Publication Date: 2012-08-02
    Description: Background: Lifestyle-related diseases represented by metabolic syndrome develop as results of complex interaction. By using health check-up data from two large studies collected during a long-term follow-up, we searched for risk factors associated with the development of metabolic syndrome. Methods: In our original study, we selected 77 case subjects who developed metabolic syndrome during the follow-up and 152 healthy control subjects who were free of lifestyle-related risk components from among 1803 Japanese male employees. In a replication study, we selected 2196 case subjects and 2196 control subjects from among 31343 other Japanese male employees. By means of a bioinformatics approach using a fuzzy neural network (FNN), we searched any significant combinations that are associated with MetS. To ensure that the risk combination selected by FNN analysis was statistically reliable, we performed logistic regression analysis including adjustment. Results: We selected a combination of an elevated level of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase (gamma-GTP, GGTP) and an elevated white blood cell (WBC) count as the most significant combination of risk factors for the development of metabolic syndrome. The FNN also identified the same tendency in a replication study. The clinical characteristics of gamma-GTP level and WBC count were statistically significant even after adjustment, confirming that the results obtained from the fuzzy neural network are reasonable. Correlation ratio showed that an elevated level of gamma-GTP is associated with habitual drinking of alcohol and a high WBC count is associated with habitual smoking. Conclusions: This result obtained by fuzzy neural network analysis of health check-up data from large long-term studies can be useful in providing a personalized novel diagnostic and therapeutic method involving the gamma-GTP level and the WBC count.
    Electronic ISSN: 1472-6947
    Topics: Computer Science , Medicine
    Published by BioMed Central
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