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  • 11
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    LiteBIRD: An All-Sky Cosmic Microwave Background Probe of Inflation (2019)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-10-23
    Description: The LiteBIRD mission will map polarized fluctuations in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) to search for the signature of gravitational waves from inflation, potentially opening a window on the Universe a fraction of a second after the Big Bang. CMB measurements from space give access to the largest angular scales and the full frequency range to constrain Galactic foregrounds, and LiteBIRD has been designed to take best advantage of the unique window of space. LiteBIRD will have a powerful ability to separate Galactic foreground emission from the CMB due to its 15 frequency bands spaced between 40 and 402 GHz and sensitive 100-mK bolometers. LiteBIRD will provide stringent control of systematic errors due to the benign thermal environment at the second Lagrange point, L2, 20-K rapidly rotating half-wave plates on each telescope, and the ability to crosscheck its results by measuring both the reionization and recombination peaks in the B-mode power spectrum. LiteBIRD would be the next step in the series of CMB space missions, COBE, WMAP, and Planck, each of which has given landmark scientific discoveries.
    Keywords: Astrophysics
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN74209 , Bulletin of the American Astronomical Society (e-ISSN 0002-7537); 51; 7; 286
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  • 12
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    NuSTAR Observations of WISE J1036+0449, A Galaxy at Z Approx. 1 Obscured by Hot Dust (2017)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Hot dust-obscured galaxies (hot DOGs), selected from Wide-Field Infrared Survey Explorer's all-sky infrared survey, host some of the most powerful active galactic nuclei known and may represent an important stage in the evolution of galaxies. Most known hot DOGs are located at z 〉 1.5, due in part to a strong bias against identifying them at lower redshift related to the selection criteria. We present a new selection method that identifies 153 hot DOG candidates at z approx. 1, where they are significantly brighter and easier to study. We validate this approach by measuring a redshift z = 1.009 and finding a spectral energy distribution similar to that of higher-redshift hot DOGs for one of these objects, WISE J1036+0449 (L(BOL) approx. = 8 x 10(exp 46) erg/s). We find evidence of a broadened component in Mg II, which would imply a black hole mass of M(BH) approx. = 2 x 10(exp 8) Stellar Mass and an Eddington ratio of lambda(Edd) approx. = 2.7. WISE J1036+0449 is the first hot DOG detected by the Nuclear Spectroscopic Telescope Array, and observations show that the source is heavily obscured, with a column density of N(H) approx. = (2-15) x 10(exp 23)/sq cm. The source has an intrinsic 2-10 keV luminosity of approx. 6 x 10(exp 44) erg/s, a value significantly lower than that expected from the mid-infrared X-ray correlation. We also find that other hot DOGs observed by X-ray facilities show a similar deficiency of X-ray flux. We discuss the origin of the X-ray weakness and the absorption properties of hot DOGs. Hot DOGs at z 〈 or approx. 1 could be excellent laboratories to probe the characteristics of the accretion flow and of the X-ray emitting plasma at extreme values of the Eddington ratio.
    Keywords: Astrophysics
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN43991 , GSFC-E-DAA-TN43746 , The Astrophysical Journal (ISSN 0004-637X) (e-ISSN 1538-4357); 835; 1; 105
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  • 13
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    A Dark Energy Camera Search for an Optical Counterpart to the First Advanced LIGO Gravitational Wave Event GW150914 (2016)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: We report the results of a deep search for an optical counterpart to the gravitational wave (GW) event GW150914, the first trigger from the Advanced LIGO GW detectors. We used the Dark Energy Camera (DECam) to image a 102 deg(exp 2) area, corresponding to 38% of the initial trigger high-probability sky region and to 11% of the revised high-probability region. We observed in the i and z bands at 4-5, 7, and 24 days after the trigger. The median 5(sigma) point-source limiting magnitudes of our search images are i = 22.5 and z = 21.8 mag. We processed the images through a difference-imaging pipeline using templates from pre-existing Dark Energy Survey data and publicly available DECam data. Due to missing template observations and other losses, our effective search area subtends 40 deg(exp 2), corresponding to a 12% total probability in the initial map and 3% in the final map. In this area, we search for objects that decline significantly between days 4-5 and day 7, and are undetectable by day 24, finding none to typical magnitude limits of i = 21.5, 21.1, 20.1 for object colors (i-z)= 1, 0, -1, respectively. Our search demonstrates the feasibility of a dedicated search program with DECam and bodes well for future research in this emerging field.
    Keywords: Astrophysics
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN41996 , The Astrophysical Journal Letters (ISSN 2041-8205) (e-ISSN 2041-8213); 823; 2; L33
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  • 14
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    Space-Based Infrared Interferometry to Study Exoplanetary Atmospheres (2018)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The quest for other habitable worlds and the search for life among them are major goals of modern astronomy. One way to make progress towards these goals is to obtain high-quality spectra of a large number of exoplanets over a broad range of wavelengths. While concepts currently investigated in the United States are focused on visible/NIR wavelengths, where the planets are probed in reflected light, a compelling alternative to characterize planetary atmospheres is the mid-infrared waveband (5-20 um). Indeed, mid-infrared observations provide key information on the presence of an atmosphere, the surface conditions (e.g., temperature, pressure, habitability), and the atmospheric composition in important species such as H2O,CO2, O3, CH4, and N2O. This information is essential to investigate the potential habitability of exoplanets and to make progress towards the search for life in the Universe. Obtaining high-quality mid-infrared spectra of exoplanets from the ground is however extremely challenging due to the overwhelming brightness and turbulence of the Earth's atmosphere. In this paper, we present a concept of space-based midinfrared interferometer that can tackle this observing challenge and discuss the maintechnological developments required to launch such a sophisticated instrument.
    Keywords: Astrophysics
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN64836 , Experimental Astronomy (ISSN 0922-6435) (e-ISSN 1572-9508); 46; 3; 543-560
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  • 15
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    Spectroscopic Characterisation of Microlensing Events: Towards a New Interpretation of OGLE-2011-BLG-0417 (2016)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The microlensing event OGLE-2011-BLG-0417 is an exceptionally bright lens binary that was predicted to present radial velocity variation at the level of several km s1. Pioneer radial velocity follow-up observations with the UVES spectrograph at the ESOVLT of this system clearly ruled out the large radial velocity variation, leaving a discrepancy between the observation and the prediction. In this paper, we further characterise the microlensing system by analysing its spectral energy distribution (SED) derived using the UVES spectrum and new observations with the ARCoIRIS (CTIO) near-infrared spectrograph and the Keck adaptive optics instrumentNIRC2 in the J, H, and Ks-bands. We determine the mass and distance of the stars independently from the microlensing modelling. We find that the SED is compatible with a giant star in the Galactic bulge and a foreground star with a mass of 0.94 +/- 0.09 M solar mass at a distance of 1.07 +/- 0.24 kpc. We find that this foreground star is likely the lens. Its parameters are not compatible with the onespreviously reported in the literature (0.52 +/- 0.04 M solar mass at 0.95 +/- 0.06 kpc), based on the microlensing light curve. A thoughtful reanalysis of the microlensing event is mandatory to fully understand the reason of this new discrepancy. More importantly, this paper demonstrates that spectroscopic follow-up observations of microlensing events are possible and provide independent constraints on the parameters of the lens and source stars, hence breaking some degeneracies in the analysis. UV-to-NIR low-resolution spectrographs like X-shooter (ESOVLT) could substantially contribute to this follow-up efforts, with magnitude limits above all microlensing events detected so far.
    Keywords: Astrophysics
    Type: GSFC-E-DAA-TN41548 , Astronomy & Astrophysics (ISSN 0004-6361) (e-ISSN 1432-0746); 595; 8; L11
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  • 16
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    El desangramiento latinoamericano: un panorama político contemporáneo sobre la reorganización y la reconfiguración del estado neoliberal (2023)
    Corporación Universitaria Americana | Corporación Universitaria Americana
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-04
    Description: This book was born from a meeting in the city of Barranquilla (Colombia), on the occasion of the event of the American University Corporation (CIID) in 2016. It was an effervescent moment where each of the researchers present there reflected the open wound of Latin America. Through a conversation with the editors of the Corporación Universitaria Americana, the idea emerged to produce a theoretical material where the contemporary realities of various Latin American countries and their struggles to try to continue breathing an unhealthy atmosphere where profound political, social, economic and ideological transformations contaminated our countries.
    Description: Published
    Description: Este libro nace a partir de un encuentro en la ciudad de Barranquilla (Colombia), en ocasión del evento de la Corporación Universitaria Americana (CIID) en 2016. Era un momento efervescente donde cada uno de los investigadores e investigadoras allí presentes reflejaban la herida abierta de América Latina. Mediando una conversación con los editores de la Corporación Universitaria Americana surgió la idea de producir un material teórico donde se pudieran ver contempladas las realidades contemporáneas de diversos países latinoamericanos y sus luchas por intentar seguir respirando una atmósfera insalubre donde las profundas transformaciones políticas, sociales, económicas e ideológicas contaminaban a nuestros países.
    Keywords: Neoliberalism ; Latinoamérica ; Democracy ; Nicaragua ; Women ; Political participation ; Bolivia ; International relations ; Colombia ; Brasil ; Political crisis ; J
    Language: Spanish
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