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  • Chemical Engineering  (11)
  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (10)
  • 2020-2023
  • 1970-1974  (21)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some aspects of orientation in injection molded objects (1972)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 12 (1972), S. 358-363 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The birefringences of injection molded plates and the birefringence during steady, isothermal shear flow were compared for some amorphous polymers. The materials studied were a polystyrene, a “toughened” polystyrene and an acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene copolymer. The birefringence of the plates, notably the maximum value for the average over the thickness was found to be related to the shear stress at the cavity wall that had occurred during the mold filling process. This relationship was independent of temperature. To a good approximation, it was also the same as the relationship between the flow birefringence and the shear stress at the wall in isothermal channel flow. It thus appears that the anisotropy of injection molded objects is dominated by the shear stresses during the mold filling process regardless of the temperature and of the macroscopic rate of deformation.
    Additional Material: 12 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760120508
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Elastic properties of model two-phase continuous composites (1970)
    Stamford, Conn. [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Polymer Engineering and Science 10 (1970), S. 293-299 
    Details
    ISSN: 0032-3888
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Chemical Engineering
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: The dynamic elastic moduli were measured on macroscopic models simulating two-phase microstructures where the second phase was present as a continuous, isotropic network. Using open-pore polymer foams with higher-moduli, infiltrating matrices, the composite moduli were found to be linear with volume fraction of the network phase. Variations of network cell size or surface area indicated that the moduli increased with increasing interfacial area, but only when interphase wetting was present and matrix contraction upon solidification occurred. Metallic foams with a lower moduli matrix produced moduli that were compatible with existing bounding theories for composites.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pen.760100507
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A suspended-sludge-on-solid reactor: A new system for the activated sludge process (1971)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 911-917 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260130613
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Proteolytic components of alkaline proteases of Bacillus strains. Zymograms and electrophoretic isolation (1972)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 14 (1972), S. 685-714 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Characterization of proteolytic activity in preparations or fermentation broth is accomplished by methods based on a combination of disc electrophoresis and visualization of the activity. The methods permit a direct, comparison with reference preparations. All alkaline proteases studied, including the three subtilisins, were found to consist of several proteolytic components. The zymograms of the subtilisin type preparations show an irregular pattern. At least 14 different components may be observed, belonging to 6 types of mobility pattern, 3 of which could be assigned to the subtilisins. None of the components belongs to the group of metalloproteases. A quite regular pattern is shown by the zymogram of protease preparations produced by the alkalophilic Bacillus strains.A few of the components of the subtilisin preparations Maxatase and protease A were isolated by preparative disc electrophoresis and by disc electrofococusing, allowing a further characterization. Special attention was directed to the determination of properties specific for the application of subtilisins as additives in household detergents. Thermostability in sodium tripolyhosphate solution was found to range from about 10% for one of the minor components to 80% for the main component of Maxatase. Three types of curves representing the effect of pH on the activity were observed. The curve of the main component of Maxatase shows a characteristic shape with a maximum at pH 10.3: with other components lower pH optima were observed. Isoelectric points of the component were found to range from pH 7 to 10.
    Additional Material: 14 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260140502
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of sludge flocs on the aeration performance of suction-impellers (1971)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 13 (1971), S. 323-330 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The authors have investigated a special aspect of the transfer of oxygen: the aeration performance of small-scale suction-impellers in a suspension of activated sludge floes and a performance comparison with clear water. The principle of the impellers is, that in order to disperse air bubbles into the aforementioned liquids, all that we need do is a simple stirring. Due to the impellers the authors could not show a reduction of the oxygen transfer coefficient in the presence of sludge flocs. Former comparative studies of oxygen transfer, using a fixed orifice, did show a reduction in the presence of sludge flocs. Therefore, it seems probable that the effect of activated sludge flocs on the transfer coefficient is linked with the manner in which air is dispersed, i.e., depends on whether an orifice is fixed or moved. The experimental results allow presumption that by developing a high intensity of shear near the location where air bubbles are produced, we are able to minimize the effect of sludge flocs on the process of bubble formation.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260130213
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Rubella virus replication at controlled dissolved oxygen tension (1972)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 14 (1972), S. 493-497 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260140316
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immobilization of trypsin on partially oxidized cellulose (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 16 (1974), S. 997-1003 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260160712
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Immobilization of enzymes on magnetic particles (1974)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 16 (1974), S. 385-396 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Trypsin (EC 3.4.4.4) was immobilized in low yield on aminoalkylsilylated magnetite (Fe3O4). Better results were obtained when trypsin was immobilized by crosslinking with glutaraldehyde on magnetite. The preparation contained 36 mg protein/g magnetite and the enzyme retained 46% and 11% of esterase and proteolytic activity. Immobilized trypsin was more heat stable than trypsin. Invertase (β-D-fructofuranoside fructohydrolase, EC 3.2.1.26) was cross-linked on magnetite with glutaraldehyde in low yield due to the inactivation of the enzyme. However in the presence of 1% sucrose, the total activity recovered was 79% of the initial activity and the preparation contained 4.4 mg/g of active invertase. Immobilized invertase was less active than invertase when acting on oligosaccharides of the raffinose family. The immobilized enzymes could be easily recovered, from solutions or suspensions, magnetically.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260160308
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cell growth and extracellular enzyme synthesis in fermentations (1973)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 15 (1973), S. 419-439 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The synthesis of extracellular enzymes by microorganisms frequently occurs under genetic control. A simple two-parameter model is developed describing the degree of repression or induction in fermentation media.The case of substrate utilization by an extracellular enzyme was analyzed for a vegetable oil-lipase-yeast system. It is shown that fatty acids released by the lipase may accumulate in the early stage of growth and exert an influence on the limiting after which relatively little repression or induction takes place.Expressions are also derived for growth and extracellular enzyme synthesis in single-and multistage continuous cultures. When the cells grow on a directly available soluble substrate, the specific enzyme synthesis is maximal at low dilution rates in the case of repression and at high dilution rates in the case of induction. If the substrate is not directly available, a single continuous stirred tank reactor stage may not be sufficient for efficient substrate utilization; for fermentation processes where an insoluble has to be broken down before the cells can assimilate it, a plug flow type fermentor rather than a mixed chemostat may prove more satisfactory.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260150216
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxygen transfer into mycelial pellets (1973)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 15 (1973), S. 27-45 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The oxygen uptake rate in mycelial pellets of Aspergillus niger was studied experimentally and theoretically. The specific rate of respiration of mycelial pellets was found to decrease significantly with increasing pellet size. The distribution of respiratory activity in the mycelial pellets was evaluated and the specific rate of respiration of disrupted mycelia showed adaptation to the concentration of oxygen in the medium. The decrease of the specific rate of respiration of the mycelial pellets could be estimated according to diameter, mycelial density, oxygen diffusivity, and adaptation to the concentration of oxygen. Good agreement was found between the theoretical analysis and the experimental data.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260150104
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