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  • 1
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    Laboratory investigations (1988)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: Laboratory studies related to cometary grains and the nuclei of comets can be broken down into three areas which relate to understanding the spectral properties, the formation mechanisms, and the evolution of grains and nuclei: (1) Spectral studies to be used in the interpretation of cometary spectra; (2) Sample preparation experiments which may shed light on the physical nature and history of cometary grains and nuclei by exploring the effects on grain emissivities resulting from the ways in which the samples are created; and (3) Grain processing experiments which should provide insight on the interaction of cometary grains with the environment in the immediate vicinity of the cometary nucleus as the comet travels from the Oort cloud through perihelion, and perhaps even suggestions regarding the relationship between interstellar grains and cometary matter. A summary is presented with a different view of lab experiments than is found in the literature, concentrating on measurement techniques and sample preparations especially relevant to cometary dust.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: NASA, Washington, Infrared Observations of Comets Halley and Wilson and Properties of the Grains; p 91-104
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  • 2
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    Observational constraints on interstellar dust models (1989)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2013-08-31
    Description: No single model has been able to account for all of the observed spectroscopic properties of interstellar or circumstellar dust. The reason for this is that, despite the agreement that the grains are composed of silicaceous/metal oxide and carbonaceous material, there is strong disagreement as to their exact structure and composition. This led Draine and Lee (1984) to use interstellar extinction data to define an interstellar graphitic material; new observational findings have made even that identification uncertain. But the great advantage of their approach is that they used observations at all of the wavelengths available to define the material. Here, the authors attempt a variation of that approach. They examine recent UV and IR data and attempt to put constraints on the possible types of interstellar grain composition, and to connect these constraints with grain models. A summary of some of the important constraints imposed by the observations is given.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: NASA, Ames Research Center, Interstellar Dust: Contributed Papers; p 391-393
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  • 3
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    Discovery of new 2 micron sources in Rho Ophiuchi (1989)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2011-08-19
    Description: A 144-sq-arcmin region of the Rho Oph star-forming cloud core was surveyed at 2.2 microns, complete to mK = 14. A total of 61 sources are detected, 26 of which have been previously reported, accounting for a total of 35 new sources with mK = 12-14. There is no turnover in the 2-micron luminosity function of the Rho Oph cloud core to a limiting sensitivity of mK = 14. Two of the newly discovered sources are binary companions to previously cataloged objects.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astrophysical Journal, Part 2 - Letters (ISSN 0004-637X); 346; L93-L96
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  • 4
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    Some 5-13 micrometer airborne observations of Comet Wilson 1986l: Preliminary results (1988)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Comet Wilson was observed from the Kuiper Airborne Observatory approximately 23.6 and 25.7 Apr. 1987, UT (approx. 3 to 5 days after perihelion) using the NASA-Ames Faint Object Grating Spectrometer. Spectrophotometric data were observed with a 21 inch aperture between 5 and 13 micrometer and with a spectral resolution of 50 to 100. Spectra of the inner coma and nucleus reveal a fairly smooth continuum with little evidence of silicate emission. The 5 to 8 micrometer color temperature of the comet was 300 + or - 15 K, approx. 15 percent higher than the equilibrium blackbody temperature. All three spectra of the nucleus show a new emission feature at approx. 12.25 micrometer approx. two channels (.22 micrometer) wide. Visual and photographic observations made during the time of these observations showed a broad faint, possible two component tail. No outburst activity was observed.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: NASA, Washington, Infrared Observations of Comets Halley and Wilson and Properties of the Grains; p 165
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  • 5
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    Comet Halley's colorful outbursts (1988)
    In:  CASI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Two preperihelion outbursts by Comet Halley were observed, each showing different brightness changes at 2.3, 3.6, 4.6 and 10.3 micrometers. Neither event was observed from beginning to end. The first observation on 8 Nov. 1985 lasted on the order of a day and was accompanied by a tail-like appendage recorded photographically. During the outburst the IR colors changed dramatically, showing no significant change at 10.3 micrometers but showing progressively more change at shorter wavelengths over a time scale of a few hours. The second outburst measurement extended over several days (10 to 13 Jan. 1986) during which time the intensities at the four wavelengths increased by roughly the same amount. Although the outbursts were of different duration, the IR measurements suggest that the first event involved volatile ice particles that evaporated, while the second was associated with long lived nonvolatile dust grains.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: NASA, Washington, Infrared Observations of Comets Halley and Wilson and Properties of the Grains; p 161-164
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  • 6
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    The guide star catalog (1987)
    In:  CASI
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-28
    Description: Part 1 of the catalog presents an astronomical overview of the Guide Star Catalog, together with its history, the properties of its current implementation, and the prospects for enhancement. Part 2 presents the algorithms used in photometric and astrometric calibration of the catalog, as well as the analyses of the related errors. Part 3 presents the current structure and content, as well as future enhancements in this area. An overview of the forthcoming publications is given, both with regard to scientific papers and electronic media.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: NASA-CR-183253 , NAS 1.26:183253 , PPS-187
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  • 7
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    IRAS colors of normal stars (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: Using stars from the Bright Star Catalog, supplemented by cool dwarf stars from the Gliese catalog, that were detected by IRAS, the authors define empirically the median intrinsic visual-to-infrared color indices for 'normal' stars as a function of IRAS wavelength, spectral type and luminosity class. Anomalously red stars are discussed. Two otherwise undistinguished F giant stars are found with significant excesses at 12 microns. Be stars differ markedly from nonemission B stars in their V-(12) indices due to contamination of the former by free-free emission. Both B and Be stars show large dispersions in V-(25) colors that are associated with the heating of local, but strictly interstellar, dust clouds by some of the non-emission B stars. The derived sequences of stellar colors are closely approximated by either simple blackbody predictions or by model-atmosphere calculations.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Astronomical Journal (ISSN 0004-6256); 93; 1199-121
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  • 8
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    Interplanetary magnetic field enhancements - Further evidence for an association with asteroid 2201 Oljato (1987)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: In 1980 and 1983 the asteroid 2201 Oljato passed inside the orbit of Venus, respectively 65 and 21 days prior to the passage of Venus, apparently causing disturbances in the interplanetary magnetic field, possibly through the interaction of its debris trail with the solar wind. In July 1986 the asteroid passed through the inner solar system 25 days after Venus and it is expected to find similar disturbances if the debris trail extended in front of the asteroid. The expected disturbances were observed. All data from the longitude range of the disturbances have been examined for all Venus years as well as from a control period over the same solar longitudes but at different ecliptic longitudes. No enhancements in the rate of occurrence of events were seen in the control periods during 1980, 1983 and 1986, and the rate was uniformly low at all other times. The new data reaffirm the association of solar wind disturbances with the asteroidal passage and imply a debris trail that extends perhaps 1 AU both in front of and behind the asteroid.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Geophysical Research Letters (ISSN 0094-8276); 14; 491-494
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  • 9
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    Pioneer Venus observations during Comet Halley's inferior conjunction (1985)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-12
    Description: On Feb. 4, 1986, Halley passed through inferior conjunction with Venus but was at high latitudes. Not all data for this time period have been received. However, the data that are available suggest that at most only weak effects associated with Halley were seen at Pioneer Venus. The data during this time, however, are useful for correlating with the behavior of the plasma tail.
    Keywords: ASTRONOMY
    Type: Advances in Space Research (ISSN 0273-1177); 5; 12 1
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