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  • 1995-1999  (67)
  • 1930-1934  (2)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 79 (1996), S. 6947-6950 
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The presence and evolution of traps in undoped semi-insulating (SI) InP obtained by high temperature annealing (900 °C for 90 h) in poor or rich phosphorus atmosphere has been studied by means of photoinduced current transient spectroscopy. Six traps named A1 to A6 having activation energies ranging from 0.2 to 0.6 eV have been detected in three samples submitted to the same annealing process. The samples differ in the Fe concentration of the starting material and the applied phosphorus pressure in the annealing process. A comparison of the corresponding photoinduced current transient spectroscopy spectra shows that among the observed traps, the 0.2 eV one can be related to a phosphorus deficiency, and the 0.3 eV and 0.4 eV traps could be due to an excess of phosphorus during annealing. Moreover, the trap corresponding to iron (0.6 eV) has been observed in all the studied samples. © 1996 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    s.l. : American Chemical Society
    Langmuir 11 (1995), S. 3369-3373 
    ISSN: 1520-5827
    Source: ACS Legacy Archives
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1365-2958
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: The hydrogenosomal malic enzyme (ME) was purified from the anaerobic fungus Neocallimastix frontalis. Using reverse genetics, the corresponding cDNA was isolated and characterized. The deduced amino acid sequence of the ME showed high similarity to ME from metazoa, plants and protists. Putative functional domains for malate and NAD+/NADP+ binding were identified. Phylogenetic analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence of the new ME suggests that it is homologous to reference bacterial and eukaryotic ME. Most interestingly, the cDNA codes for a protein which contains a 27-amino-acid N-terminus which is not present on the purified mature protein. This presequence shares features with known mitochondrial targeting signals, including an enrichment in Ala, Leu, Ser, and Arg, and the presence of an Arg at position –2 relative to amino acid 1 of the mature protein. This is the first report of a mitochondrial-like targeting signal on a hydrogenosomal enzyme from an anaerobic fungus and provides support for the hypothesis that hydrogenosomes in Neocallimastix frontalis might be modified mitochondria.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1546-170X
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: [Auszug] Neuronal growth factors hold promise for providing therapeutic benefits in various neurological disorders. As a means of ensuring adequate central nervous system delivery of growth factors and minimizing significant adverse side effects associated with systemic delivery methods, we have developed ...
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 383 (1996), S. 489-490 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR á€" Mechanical stresses in the form of touch, rain and wind are important environmental signals in plants, inducing various physiological responses1. Although it has recently been shown that calcium fluxes occur in response to touch and wind2, and several genes encoding ...
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1399-3054
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Mitogen-activated-protein (MAP) kinases are components of signal transduction pathways which respond to a variety of stimuli in different organisms. In quiescent mammalian cells, the reactivation of cell division induced by different mitogenic signals is mediated by the rapid phosphorylation and activation of MAP kinases. We have investigated whether a similar situation occurs in plants, arresting tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) cells in the G1 phase of the cell cycle by phosphate starvation, and then inducing them to re-enter the cell cycle by refeeding with phosphate. The transient activation of a kinase activity with the characteristics of a MAP kinase was observed during the first hour after refeeding, when the cells were still in G1. Using myelin basic protein (MBP) as substrate, an increase in this phosphorylating activity, with a molecular mass of approximately 45 kDa, was detected in cell extracts between 35 and 55 min after induction, in in-gel phosphorylation assays and after immunoprecipitation with anti-MAP kinase antibodies. The specificity of the antibodies against recombinant tobacco MAP kinases suggested that the MAP kinase p45ntf4 was responsible for the observed activity. These data provide experimental evidence for the activation in vivo of a plant MAP kinase, possibly mediating the reactivation of cell division in G1-arrested cells.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Keywords: n-butane oxidation ; maleic anhydride ; VPO catalysts ; promoters ; supported vanadia catalysts
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The oxidation of n-butane to maleic anhydride was investigated over model Nb‐, Si‐, Ti‐, V‐, and Zr‐promoted bulk VPO and supported vanadia catalysts. The promoters were concentrated in the surface region of the bulk VPO catalysts. For the supported vanadia catalysts, the vanadia phase was present as a two‐dimensional metal oxide overlayer on the different oxide supports (TiO2, ZrO2, Nb2O5, Al2O3, and SiO2). No correlation was found between the electronegativity of the promoter or oxide support cation and the catalytic properties of these two catalytic systems. The maleic anhydride selectivity correlated with the Lewis acidity of the promoter cations and oxide supports. Both promoted bulk VPO and supported vanadia catalysts containing surface niobia species were the most active and selective to maleic anhydride. These findings suggest that the activation of n-butane on both the bulk and supported vanadia catalysts probably requires both surface redox and acid sites, and that the acidity also plays an important role in controlling further kinetic steps of n-butane oxidation.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Cellular and molecular life sciences 55 (1999), S. 204-213 
    ISSN: 1420-9071
    Keywords: Key words. Signal transduction; MAP kinase; protein kinase; phosphorylation.
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract. Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways are modules involved in the transduction of extracellular signals to intracellular targets in all eukaryotes. Distinct MAPK pathways are regulated by different extracellular stimuli and are implicated in a wide variety of biological processes. In plants there is evidence for MAPKs playing a role in the signaling of abiotic stresses, pathogens and plant hormones. The large number and divergence of plant MAPKs indicates that this ancient mechanism of bioinformatics is extensively used in plants and may provide a new molecular handle on old questions.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 184 (1999), S. 403-412 
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Key words Emmetropization ; Myopia ; Dopamine ; 6-Hydroxy-dopamine ; Crystalline lens
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract We investigated the suitability of fishes as animal models to study the involvement of the retinal dopaminergic system in the visually guided control of eye growth (emmetropization). Advantages of such a model system are (i) that all dopaminergic cells in the retina can be destroyed without apparent damage to other neurons, (ii) simple optical design and short depth of field of the eye, and (iii) continuous growth throughout life. Depleting the retina of dopamine in Aequidens pulcher (Cichlidae) had no apparent effect on refractive state, since size and focal length of the eye were reduced by the same amount. Furthermore, imposed defocus was compensated at a normal rate in spite of the absence of retinal dopamine. In A. pulcher, the dopaminergic system of the retina thus appears not to have an essential role in emmetropization. Our results furthermore suggest that in eyes of more complicated optical design, manipulation of the retinal dopaminergic system may lead to unrelated effects indistinguishable from direct interference with emmetropization. A major disadvantage of the fish model was that refractive state of the eye could not be measured accurately in vivo with standard methods.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Experiments in fluids 22 (1997), S. 265-267 
    ISSN: 1432-1114
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract  The phase-averaging window size is shown to affect the measurement of phase-averaged turbulence quantities in unsteady turbulent flows. The flow turbulence is usually estimated on the assumption of quasi-constant flow velocity during the duration of the phase-averaging window. The calculated turbulence level then consists of two parts: one due to the turbulent velocity fluctuations and the other due to the changes in the mean flow velocity. This second part is shown to be directly proportional to the averaging window size. In order to determine the true turbulence the averaging window size has to be made as small as possible, especially if the unsteady flow exhibits large temporal gradients and the flow turbulence itself is small.
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