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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2016-08-24
    Description: We report the potential field emission of highly conducting metallic perovskite lanthanum nickelate (LaNiO 3 ) from the nanostructured pyramidal and whisker shaped tips as electron emitters. Nano particles of lanthanum nickelate (LNO) were prepared by sol-gel route. Structural and morphological studies have been carried out. Field emission of LNO exhibited high emission current density, J  = 3.37 mA/cm 2 at a low threshold electric field, E th  = 16.91 V/ μ m, obeying Fowler–Nordheim tunneling. The DC electrical resistivity exhibited upturn at 11.6 K indicating localization of electron at low temperature. Magnetoresistance measurement at different temperatures confirmed strong localization in nanostructured LNO obeying Anderson localization effect at low temperature.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2015-12-17
    Description: A nanomechanical resonator based sensor works by detecting small changes in the natural frequency of the device in presence of external agents. In this study, we address the length and the temperature-dependent sensitivity of precompressed armchair Boron-Nitride nanotubes towards their use as sensors. The vibrational data, obtained using molecular dynamics simulations, are analyzed for frequency content through the fast Fourier transformation. As the temperature of the system rises, the vibrational spectrum becomes noisy, and the modal frequencies show a red-shift irrespective of the length of the nanotube, suggesting that the nanotube based sensors calibrated at a particular temperature may not function desirably at other temperatures. Temperature-induced noise becomes increasingly pronounced with the decrease in the length of the nanotube. For the shorter nanotube at higher temperatures, we observe multiple closely spaced peaks near the natural frequency, that create a masking effect and reduce the sensitivity of detection. However, longer nanotubes do not show these spurious frequencies, and are considerably more sensitive than the shorter ones.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2015-05-19
    Description: The conventional Nosé-Hoover type deterministic thermostat scheme for controlling temperature by configurational variables (Braga-Travis (BT) thermostat) is non-ergodic for systems with a few degrees of freedom. While for the original Nosé-Hoover kinetic thermostat ergodicity has been achieved by controlling the higher order moments of kinetic energy, the issues of nonergodicity of BT thermostat persists. In this paper, we introduce two new measures of configurational temperature (second and third order) based on the generalized temperature-curvature relationship and obtain a family of deterministic thermostatting schemes by selectively (and simultaneously) controlling the different orders of temperatures through pseudo-friction terms. The ergodic characteristics of the proposed thermostats are tested using a single harmonic oscillator through statistical (normality of joint distributions at different Poincare sections) as well as dynamical tests (difference of the minimum and maximum largest Lyapunov exponent). Our results indicate that simultaneously controlling the first and the second order configurational temperatures ( C 1,2 thermostat) is sufficient to make the dynamics ergodic. A 2000 particle Lennard-Jones system is subjected to (i) equilibrium and (ii) sudden temperature change under BT and C 1,2 thermostatting schemes. The C 1,2 thermostat is found to be more robust than the BT thermostat without increasing computational costs.
    Print ISSN: 0021-9606
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7690
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2016-03-18
    Description: Surfaces patterned with quasi-periodic array of sub-wavelength air holes have been studied for their effectiveness in suppressing air-substrate reflection in the wavelength range of 450–1350 nm. Superlattice structures formed by superposing two different quasiperiodic arrays with 450 nm deep holes showed reflectance of ∼2% (compared to 6% for unpatterned substrate) for all measured incidence angles up to 50° and also show very weak polarization dependence. Dense k-space of quasiperiodic array along with the graded index offered by tapered holes provide broadband, polarization independent, and omnidirectional antireflection property.
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2016-10-25
    Description: A combined experimental (mid- and far-infrared FTIR spectroscopy and THz time domain spectroscopy (TTDS) (0.3-1.6 THz)) and molecular dynamics (MD) simulation technique are used to understand the evolution of the structure and dynamics of water in its binary mixture with 1,2-dimethoxy ethane (DME) over the entire concentration range. The cooperative hydrogen bond dynamics of water obtained from Debye relaxation of TTDS data reveals a non-monotonous behaviour in which the collective dynamics is much faster in the low X w region (where X w is the mole fraction of water in the mixture), whereas in X w ∼ 0.8 region, the dynamics gets slower than that of pure water. The concentration dependence of the reorientation times of water, calculated from the MD simulations, also captures this non-monotonous character. The MD simulation trajectories reveal presence of large amplitude angular jumps, which dominate the orientational relaxation. We rationalize the non-monotonous, concentration dependent orientational dynamics by identifying two different physical mechanisms which operate at high and low water concentration regimes.
    Print ISSN: 0021-9606
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7690
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2015-09-02
    Description: The article presents a mapping of the residual strain along the axis of InAs/InSb heterostructured nanowires. Using confocal Raman measurements, we observe a gradual shift in the transverse optical phonon mode along the axis of these nanowires. We attribute the observed shift to a residual strain arising from the InAs/InSb lattice mismatch. We find that the strain is maximum at the interface and then monotonically relaxes towards the tip of the nanowires. We also analyze the crystal structure of the InSb segment through selected area electron diffraction measurements and electron diffraction tomography on individual nanowires.
    Print ISSN: 0003-6951
    Electronic ISSN: 1077-3118
    Topics: Physics
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