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  • 2020-2023  (4)
  • 2015-2019  (1,232)
  • 1980-1984  (388)
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Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Museum Collections and Ethnographic Reconstruction: Examples from the Great Basin (1981)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences 376 (1981), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1749-6632
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1749-6632.1981.tb28168.x
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 2
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    Transforming Good Intentions into Social Impact: A Case on the Creation and Evolution of a Social Enterprise (2017)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-12-05
    Print ISSN: 0167-4544
    Electronic ISSN: 1573-0697
    Topics: Philosophy , Economics
    Published by Springer
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 3
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    Attenuation of Red Blood Cell Storage Lesions with Vitamin C (2017)
    Molecular Diversity Preservation International
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-07-12
    Electronic ISSN: 2076-3921
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Published by Molecular Diversity Preservation International
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 4
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    Cannabinoid and nicotine exposure during adolescence induces sex-specific effects on anxiety- and reward-related behaviors during adulthood (2019)
    Public Library of Science
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-01-31
    Electronic ISSN: 1932-6203
    Topics: Medicine , Natural Sciences in General
    Published by Public Library of Science
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    PAPER CURRENT
  • 5
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    Twenty-three unsolved problems in hydrology (UPH) – a community perspective (2019)
    In:  Hydrological Sciences Journal - Journal des Sciences Hydrologiques
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-02-12
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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  • 6
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    Global Observing Needs in the Deep Ocean (2019)
    In:  EPIC3Frontiers in Marine Science, 6, ISSN: 2296-7745
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-03
    Description: The deep ocean below 200 m water depth is the least observed, but largest habitat on our planet by volume and area. Over 150 years of exploration has revealed that this dynamic system provides critical climate regulation, houses a wealth of energy, mineral, and biological resources, and represents a vast repository of biological diversity. A long history of deep-ocean exploration and observation led to the initial concept for the Deep-Ocean Observing Strategy (DOOS), under the auspices of the Global Ocean Observing System (GOOS). Here we discuss the scientific need for globally integrated deep-ocean observing, its status, and the key scientific questions and societal mandates driving observing requirements over the next decade. We consider the Essential Ocean Variables (EOVs) needed to address deep-ocean challenges within the physical, biogeochemical, and biological/ecosystem sciences according to the Framework for Ocean Observing (FOO), and map these onto scientific questions. Opportunities for new and expanded synergies among deep-ocean stakeholders are discussed, including academic-industry partnerships with the oil and gas, mining, cable and fishing industries, the ocean exploration and mapping community, and biodiversity conservation initiatives. Future deep-ocean observing will benefit from the greater integration across traditional disciplines and sectors, achieved through demonstration projects and facilitated reuse and repurposing of existing deep-sea data efforts. We highlight examples of existing and emerging deep-sea methods and technologies, noting key challenges associated with data volume, preservation, standardization, and accessibility. Emerging technologies relevant to deep-ocean sustainability and the blue economy include novel genomics approaches, imaging technologies, and ultra-deep hydrographic measurements. Capacity building will be necessary to integrate capabilities into programs and projects at a global scale. Progress can be facilitated by Open Science and Findable, Accessible, Interoperable, Reusable (FAIR) data principles and converge on agreed to data standards, practices, vocabularies, and registries. We envision expansion of the deep-ocean observing community to embrace the participation of academia, industry, NGOs, national governments, international governmental organizations, and the public at large in order to unlock critical knowledge contained in the deep ocean over coming decades, and to realize the mutual benefits of thoughtful deep-ocean observing for all elements of a sustainable ocean.
    Repository Name: EPIC Alfred Wegener Institut
    Type: Article , peerRev
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  • 7
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    Mn oxide formation by phototrophs: spatial and temporal patterns, with evidence of an enzymatic superoxide-mediated pathway (2020)
    Nature Research
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2019. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Chaput, D. L., Fowler, A. J., Seo, O., Duhn, K., Hansel, C. M., & Santelli, C. M. Mn oxide formation by phototrophs: spatial and temporal patterns, with evidence of an enzymatic superoxide-mediated pathway. Scientific Reports, 9(1), (2019): 18244, doi: 10.1038/s41598-019-54403-8.
    Description: Manganese (Mn) oxide minerals influence the availability of organic carbon, nutrients and metals in the environment. Oxidation of Mn(II) to Mn(III/IV) oxides is largely promoted by the direct and indirect activity of microorganisms. Studies of biogenic Mn(II) oxidation have focused on bacteria and fungi, with phototrophic organisms (phototrophs) being generally overlooked. Here, we isolated phototrophs from Mn removal beds in Pennsylvania, USA, including fourteen Chlorophyta (green algae), three Bacillariophyta (diatoms) and one cyanobacterium, all of which consistently formed Mn(III/IV) oxides. Isolates produced cell-specific oxides (coating some cells but not others), diffuse biofilm oxides, and internal diatom-specific Mn-rich nodules. Phototrophic Mn(II) oxidation had been previously attributed to abiotic oxidation mediated by photosynthesis-driven pH increases, but we found a decoupling of Mn oxide formation and pH alteration in several cases. Furthermore, cell-free filtrates of some isolates produced Mn oxides at specific time points, but this activity was not induced by Mn(II). Manganese oxide formation in cell-free filtrates occurred via reaction with the oxygen radical superoxide produced by soluble extracellular proteins. Given the known widespread ability of phototrophs to produce superoxide, the contribution of phototrophs to Mn(II) oxidation in the environment may be greater and more nuanced than previously thought.
    Description: This work was funded by a Smithsonian Scholarly Studies grant to CMS, by a Smithsonian Postdoctoral Fellowship to DLC, by the National Science Foundation, grant number CBET-1336496, to CMH and CMS, and by MnDRIVE Environment at the University of Minnesota to CMS. We thank Margaret Dunn and Cliff Denholm, Stream Restoration Inc., for assistance and access to field sites, Carolyn Zeiner (WHOI/Harvard) for useful discussions and advice regarding ROS experiments, as well as Jeff Post, Tim Rose and Tim Gooding (Smithsonian NMNH) for assistance with the SEM/EDS work. Portions of the laboratory work were conducted in and with the support of the L.A.B. facilities at the National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 8
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    Dynamics and functional diversity of the smallest phytoplankton on the Northeast US shelf (2020)
    National Academy of Sciences
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-10-26
    Description: Author Posting. © National Academy of Sciences, 2020. This article is posted here by permission of National Academy of Sciences for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 117(22), (2020): 12215-12221, doi: 10.1073/pnas.1918439117.
    Description: Picophytoplankton are the most abundant primary producers in the ocean. Knowledge of their community dynamics is key to understanding their role in marine food webs and global biogeochemical cycles. To this end, we analyzed a 16-y time series of observations of a phytoplankton community at a nearshore site on the Northeast US Shelf. We used a size-structured population model to estimate in situ division rates for the picoeukaryote assemblage and compared the dynamics with those of the picocyanobacteria Synechococcus at the same location. We found that the picoeukaryotes divide at roughly twice the rate of the more abundant Synechococcus and are subject to greater loss rates (likely from viral lysis and zooplankton grazing). We describe the dynamics of these groups across short and long timescales and conclude that, despite their taxonomic differences, their populations respond similarly to changes in the biotic and abiotic environment. Both groups appear to be temperature limited in the spring and light limited in the fall and to experience greater mortality during the day than at night. Compared with Synechococcus, the picoeukaryotes are subject to greater top-down control and contribute more to the region’s primary productivity than their standing stocks suggest.
    Description: We thank E. T. Crockford, E. E. Peacock, J. Fredericks, Z. Sandwith, the MVCO Operations Team, and divers of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution diving program. This work was supported by NSF Grants OCE-0119915 (to R.J.O. and H.M.S.) and OCE-1655686 (to M.G.N., R.J.O., A.R.S., and H.M.O.); NASA Grants NNX11AF07G (to H.M.S.) and NNX13AC98G (to H.M.S.); Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation Grant GGA#934 (to H.M.S.); and Simons Foundation Grant 561126 (to H.M.S.).
    Description: 2020-11-15
    Keywords: Picoeukaryotes ; Flow cytometry ; Matrix model ; Primary productivity
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 9
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    Recent introductions reveal differential susceptibility to parasitism across an evolutionary mosaic (2020)
    Wiley Open Access
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Tepolt, C. K., Darling, J. A., Blakeslee, A. M. H., Fowler, A. E., Torchin, M. E., Miller, A. W., & Ruiz, G. M. Recent introductions reveal differential susceptibility to parasitism across an evolutionary mosaic. Evolutionary Applications, 13(3), (2020): 545-558, doi:10.1111/eva.12865.
    Description: Parasitism can represent a potent agent of selection, and introduced parasites have the potential to substantially alter their new hosts' ecology and evolution. While significant impacts have been reported for parasites that switch to new host species, the effects of macroparasite introduction into naïve populations of host species with which they have evolved remain poorly understood. Here, we investigate how the estuarine white‐fingered mud crab (Rhithropanopeus harrisii ) has adapted to parasitism by an introduced rhizocephalan parasite (Loxothylacus panopaei ) that castrates its host. While the host crab is native to much of the East and Gulf Coasts of North America, its parasite is native only to the southern end of this range. Fifty years ago, the parasite invaded the mid‐Atlantic, gradually expanding through previously naïve host populations. Thus, different populations of the same host species have experienced different degrees of historical interaction (and thus potential evolutionary response time) with the parasite: long term, short term, and naïve. In nine estuaries across this range, we examined whether and how parasite prevalence and host susceptibility to parasitism differs depending on the length of the host's history with the parasite. In field surveys, we found that the parasite was significantly more prevalent in its introduced range (i.e., short‐term interaction) than in its native range (long‐term interaction), a result that was also supported by a meta‐analysis of prevalence data covering the 50 years since its introduction. In controlled laboratory experiments, host susceptibility to parasitism was significantly higher in naïve hosts than in hosts from the parasite's native range, suggesting that host resistance to parasitism is under selection. These results suggest that differences in host–parasite historical interaction can alter the consequences of parasite introductions in host populations. As anthropogenically driven range shifts continue, disruptions of host–parasite evolutionary relationships may become an increasingly important driver of ecological and evolutionary change.
    Description: This project was supported by a Smithsonian Biodiversity Genomics Fellowship to CKT.
    Keywords: adaptation in invasion ; biological introductions ; host–parasite evolution ; Loxothylacus panopaei ; mud crabs ; parasite biogeography ; Rhithropanopeus harrisii ; rhizocephalans
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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  • 10
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    Current research, pressing issues, and lingering questions in marine invasion science: lessons from the Tenth International Conference on Marine Bioinvasions (ICMB-X) (2020)
    Regional Euro-Asian Biological Invasions Centre
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: © The Author(s), 2020. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License. The definitive version was published in Fowler, A. E., Blakeslee, A. M. H., Bortolus, A., Dias, J., Tepolt, C. K., & Schwindt, E. Current research, pressing issues, and lingering questions in marine invasion science: lessons from the Tenth International Conference on Marine Bioinvasions (ICMB-X). Aquatic Invasions, 15(1), (2020): 1-10, doi:10.3391/ai.2020.15.1.01.
    Description: Research on marine bioinvasions is an inherently international collaboration. Species range boundaries have become more fluid in recent decades as a result of enhanced human globalization, leading to species translocations across international boundaries through high profile vectors (e.g., shipping, hull fouling, aquaculture, etc.) (Ruiz et al. 2000; Seebens et al. 2013). Global trade and anthropogenic activities that promote invasive species spread continue to increase, rising by an average of 70% since 1970, with no sign of saturation (Pagad et al. 2015; Seebens et al. 2017). Even though these numbers are primarily based on terrestrial systems, recent work has demonstrated that marine ecosystems are as severely impacted by invasive species as by other human activities including overfishing, pollution (including plastics), climate change, and ocean acidification (Diaz et al. 2019). Species introductions to seas, coasts, and estuaries are therefore a global threat to human and non-human populations alike. As such, scientists and managers are increasingly focused on prevention and management, risk analysis and prioritization, and innovative technologies to detect novel species.
    Description: The ICMB-X was supported by CONICET, MINCyT, SCTeIP Chubut, Consejo Federal de Inversiones, Biodiversity Heritage Library, Administración Portuaria de Puerto Madryn (APPM), Office of Naval Research Global, Aluar Aluminio Argentino, Madryn Bureau, Ente Mixto Puerto Madryn, Municipalidad de Puerto Madryn, and FAO-GEF-SAyDS.
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Article
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