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  • 2020-2022  (19)
  • 1
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    Effect of different dietary protein to energy ratios (P/E) on growth performance and body composition of farmed Persian sturgeon (Acipenser persicus) (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/23634 | 18721 | 2018-07-13 17:42:15 | 23634 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-14
    Description: To improve Persian sturgeon nutrition and determine its nutritional requirements, a growth trial was conducted to measure optimum dietary protein to energy ratio in Persian sturgeon sub-yearlings. Four diets: H (P/E=21.33mg/kJ), N (P/E=20.24mg/kJ), L (P/E=19.22 mg/kJ) and M (P/E=18.26mg/kJ) were used in the experiment. Triplicate groups of fish were kept in 500L fiberglass tanks under homogenous culture conditions (dissolved oxygen, light and water flow rate) and fed with the experimental diets. Fish were fed to satiation four times per day during 130 one fourth ¬ days of experiment when the average water temperature and dissolved oxygen were 12.82 plus or minus 1.48 degree C and 9.55 plus or minus 0.18 mg/l respectively. Fish in all treatments grew fast and efficiently utilized the diets. Growth rate, FE, GR, SGR and PER increased with decreasing dietary protein to energy ratios. A higher growth was observed in the fishes fed with lower P/E ratios. Food intake and fatness coefficient increased with increasing dietary energy and decreasing P/E ratios. There were no significant differences in feeding efficiency (FE) and protein efficiency ratio (PER) in fish fed with diet N (high carbohydrate and low lipid content) and diet L (low carbohydrate and high lipid content). We conclude that the Persian sturgeon is able to use lipids and carbohydrates as non-protein sources of energy. The results of the present study demonstrated that the protein content and P/E ratio for optimum growth and efficient protein utilization in Persian sturgeon is 40% and 18.3-19.2 mg protein/kJ energy, respectively.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Growth rate ; Biochemical composition ; Diet ; Energy ; Protein deficiency ; Dietary deficiencies ; Fish Culture ; Feed composition ; Food absorption ; Acipenser persicus ; Brackish ; Caspian Sea ; Iran
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 129-140
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  • 2
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    Determining nutritional requirements in Beluga (H.huso) from larval stage to marketable size (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25107 | 18721 | 2018-08-24 06:13:27 | 25107 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Growth experiments were designed and conducted in several phases in order to determine the most suitable starter diet, to determine the effects of different levels of protein and energy and also to determine the effects of different ratios of carbohydrate to fat on growth and body composition in farmed Huso huso from the larval stage up to the marketing stage. Phase one Growth experiments were conducted in a random statistical design to compare growth trends in H. huso larvae (mean weight 105.02 ± 0,02 mg) without being adapted to formulated diets. Experiments were conducted in fibreglass tanks (500 litre capacity) under similar culture conditions. Four replicates were run for each experiment. Larvae were fed four types of formulated diets (Diet A=100 % formulated diet produced in the International sturgeon Research Institute, Diet B=formulated diet imported from Holland, Diet C= formulated diet imported from France, Diet D= a mixture of Diet A + 10% gammarus) 8 times a day to satiation for a period of 49 days. The results obtained were compared with those obtained for the control group that was fed live food (Daphnia and Artemia). Mean water temperature during the experimental period was 18.52 ± 0.48 °C and mean dissolved oxygen was 7.35 ± 0.18 mg/l. The first signs of food granules were observed in the guts of the larvae after 12 h of the first feeding. All experimental groups were adapted to granulated diets on day 3 to day 5. In the beginning of the experimental period the larvae showed a no normal distribution (P 0.05) in terms of weight and length. However significant differences were observed in the end of the experimental period among the different groups studied in terms of growth, specific growth rate and food efficiency (P 0.05). Growth in group B and D were significantly higher than that in other groups except for the control group (P 0.05). It may thus be concluded that the olfactory organs of larvae took to Diet B (may be due to its composition) and to the diet D (because of its odour, texture and suitable flavour) more readily than other diets. At the end of the experimental period, maximum survival (98%) belonged to the control group. Survival rate in Group B and Group D was 90 % and 86.5%, respectively (P 0.05). Minimum survival belonged to fish fed Diet A (29.7%) and Diet C (45.5%). With regard to the adaptability of larvae to formulated diets, survival rates and growth and development in larvae we may conclude that the effects of different formulated diets on growth in larvae can be conducted on larvae with a mean body weight between 100 to 120 mg. In this weight class the digestive system and olfactory organ are fully developed and play a vital role in searching for food particles.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Biology ; Iran ; Huso huso ; Protein to energy ratio ; Carbohydrate to fat ratio ; Body composition ; SGR
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 254
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  • 3
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    Effects of dietary lysine and methionine supplementation on growth, nutrient utilization and carcass compositions in beluga, Huso huso, fed soy protein-based diet (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/22103 | 18721 | 2018-02-08 03:27:52 | 22103 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-26
    Description: A feeding trial was conducted to examine the effects of dietary supplementation of lysine and methionine on growth, nutrient utilization and carcass compositions in beluga, Huso huso. Four experimental soy protein based diets D0 (without lysine or methionine supplementation), D1 (lysine supplementation alone), D2 (methionine supplementation alone) and D3 (both lysine and methionine supplementation) were fed to triplicate groups. 240 fish with an average weight of 144.6 ± 4.64 g were fed the experimental diets for 12wk. L-Lysine and DL-methionine were added to the diets containing 344 g kg-1 soybean meals at 22.02 and 12.94 g kg-1 of dry diet respectively. Significant higher weight gain, specific growth rate, protein efficiency ratio, condition factor, feed efficiency ratio, whole muscle protein and protein apparent digestibility were observed in fish fed soya protein-based diet supplemented with both lysine and methionine than that of fish of other dietary groups. There were no significant differences among fish fed diet supplemented with either methionine or lysine. Growth performances, feed utilization, carcass composition and apparent digestibility coefficients of protein, lipid and dry matter of fish fed control diet was significantly lower than those of fish fed diet supplemented both lysine and methionine and supplemented with either methionine or lysine. It can be concluded that beluga, fingerlings effectively utilize the supplemental amino acids (L-Lysine at 22.02 g kg-1 dry diet and DL-methionine at 12.94 g kg-1 dry diet) in the diets containing 344 g kg-1 soybean meals for better carcass proximate compositions, growth performance and feed efficiency and utilization.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Biology ; Chemistry ; Soy protein ; Nutrient utilization ; Apparent digestibility coefficients ; L-Lysine ; DLmethionine ; Beluga ; Huso huso ; diet ; growth ; compositions ; lysine ; Iran
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 119-134
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  • 4
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    Effects of different dietary levels of AFB1 on survival rate and growth factors of Beluga (Huso huso) (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/22361 | 18721 | 2018-03-27 22:46:13 | 22361 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-04
    Description: In the present study, the impacts of various concentrations of Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) on Beluga, Huso huso, under controlled conditions were investigated. Belugas (120±10g) were fed on diets containing 0, 25, 50, 75, and 100 ppb AFB1/kg of diet for 3 months. Results showed various levels of AFB1 do not significantly affect the specific growth ratio (SGR) (P〈0.05) of fish in different treatments. However, weight gain and food conversion ratio (FCR) were varied significantly (P〈0.05 between control and treatments with diets contaminated with 75 and 100 ppb AFB1/kg after 90 days). The increase AFB1 level of did not affect on the percent of survival rate (SR) and no mortality was observed in treatments (SR=100%) suggesting that various AFB1 levels under experimental conditions of the present study affect some growth factors, such as, weight gain and FCR but have no significant impact on SR and SGR. Histopathological studies showed that different level of AFB1 can cause broad range of change in liver tissue, including progressive fat deposition, hepatocyte degeneration and necrosis, particularly at concentration of 75 and 100 ppb AFB1/kg of diets after 60 days.
    Description: Article includes abstract in Farsi on last page.
    Keywords: Biology ; Fisheries ; Huso huso ; AFB1 ; FCR ; SGR ; SR ; Pathology ; Liver ; Beluga ; Iran
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 141-150
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  • 5
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    Determination of the best feeding ratio in Huso huso meat production cultured in fiber glass tanks (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24686 | 18721 | 2018-08-04 15:58:43 | 24686 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: A two-phase random growth test was conducted to evaluate the effects of feeding rate on growth performance, food conversion ratio (FCR), specific growth rate (SGR), feeding efficiency and price index of reared Huso huso fingerlings in fiberglass tanks (2x2x0.53 cm). Rearing conditions such as diet, dissolved oxygen, light, water flow, fish density and feeding frequency were kept similar for the tanks. In the first phase, 180 fingerlings with a mean weight 867.86±17.42g were fed for 100 days in four treatments and three replications at feeding rates 1, 2, 3 and 4 percent of their biomass. In the second phase, also four treatments and three replications were applied to 84 Huso huso with a mean weight 2096.1±35.6g. In this phase, the fish were fed for 125 days with 0.75, I .5, 2.5 and 3 percent of their biomass. During rearing period, water temperature was 25.52±1.78 and 14.82±0.48 degrees centigrade and dissolved oxygen was 7.6±0.3 and 7.89±0.18 mg/lit, for the two phases respectively. The fishes were fed four times daily with a diet containing 40% protein, 13% fat and 9.9% ash. All treatments induced fast growth in the fish, but feeding ratios were different in their effects on the growth (P〈0.05). Weight gain percentage, specific growth rate (SGR), food conversion ratio (FCR), feeding efficiency and price index indicated that lower feeding ratios were more effective in causing fish growth (P〈0.05). So, increase in feeding ratio directly increased daily food consumption (D.F.C) and negatively affected the feeding efficiency, food conversion ratio, specific growth rate and price index (P〈0.05). The results showed that in phase one, when the fish were given food as much as two percent of their body weight, one unit of meat was produced by consuming 1.92 units of food. In the second phase, feeding fish with 0.75 percent of their body weight resulted in producing one unit of fish meat per 1.82 units of food consumed. Also, in the two phases, application of higher than 50% feeding ratio increased costs while no significant trend in fish growth was detected. It can be concluded that regarding the water temperature, the optimal feeding rate for fishes weighing 850 to 1900 grams and those weighing 2050 to 3300 grams are 2 % and 1 % of body weight, respectively.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Huso huso ; Food Conversion Ratio ; Growth Trend ; Iran
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 165-180
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  • 6
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    The role of daphnia fed with purified and enriched phytoplankton with PUFA in enhancing growth and survival of Acipenser persicus larvae (2021)
    Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute | Tehran, Iran
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/25464 | 18721 | 2018-09-26 09:35:11 | 25464 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: In this study, Daphnia longispina were fed with two freshwater green algae species, Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus dimorphus, enriched with Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus dimorphus were isolated and cultured for mass production. Three treatments with three replicates and a control group were considered to conduct this study. In order to investigate feeding, a total of 30 Acipenser persicus larvae with the initial mean weight of 68±3.6 mg were distributed into 12 plastic tanks of 60 L. Experimental fish larvae were fed daphnia collected from earthen ponds (as control group), daphnia enriched with Scenedesmus dimorphus (treatment 1), daphnia enriched with Chlorella vulgaris (treatment 2) and daphnia enriched with Chlorella vulgaris and Scenedesmus dimorphus (at the rates of 50%) (treatment 3). The microalgae density to enrich daphnia is estimated at 5×107 cells mL^-1. Fish larvae were fed at an amount of 30% body weight per day for four times. During the experimental period, water temperature, dissolved oxygen concentration and pH ranged between 18-24°C, 5.8-7.2 mg l^-1 and 5.6-8.2, respectively. Monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFA) were the highest (32.3 %) in D. longispina enriched with Chlorella vulgaris and the highest concentration of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) (19.8%) was observed in D. longispina enriched with Scenedesmus dimorphus. The highest (21.6%) and lowest (13.2%) concentrations of PUFA in fish larvae were recorded in treatment 3 and the control group, respectively. The results obtained from the body weight increase (BWI %) revealed that there were significant differences (P≤0.05) between treatment 3 (daphnia enriched with chlorella and scenedesmus) and other treatments. The highest (5.5±1.24% day^-1) and the lowest (4.6±1.13% day^-1) mean specific growth rates (SGR) were recorded in fish fed treatment 3 and the control group, respectively. The lowest (68%) and the highest (85%) survival rates were obtained in the control group and treatment 3, respectively.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Iran ; Daphnia ; Daphnia longispina ; Chlorella vulgaris ; Scenedesmus dimorphus ; Enrichment ; Microalgae ; Acipenser persicus ; survival ; Larvae ; Phytoplankton ; PUFA ; Growth
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 41
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  • 7
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    Proximate composition and fatty acids profiles of Artemia cysts and nauplii from different geographical regions of Iran (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/22724 | 18721 | 2018-05-17 18:48:06 | 22724 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Artemia has been widely used in aquaculture as a suitable live food. The presence of highly unsaturated fatty acids is a key factor that determines the nutritional value and marketing of Artemia for shrimp, marine larvae, sturgeon and ornamental fish industries. To determine the variation in nutritional content in cysts, decapsulated cysts and nauplii of Artemia from three different biotopes of Iran, were tested for their protein, lipid, energy, and fatty acid profiles, particularly essential fatty acids. The cysts collected from Urmia, Maharlou and Meighan lakes, were rinsed, processed, decapsulated, hatched and then analyzed for proximate and fatty acid composition using standard methods. Statistical comparisons of the results revealed significant differences not only in proximate composition but also in fatty acid contents (p〈0.05). The highest mean (±SD) level of protein (60.5±3.3%), lipid (18.60±1.1%) and energy contents (5448.3±10.4 Kcal/kg) were observed in Instar I nauplii hatched from Urmia Lake cysts, Instar I nauplii hatched from Maharlou Lake cyst and Instar I nauplii hatched from Urmia Lake decapsulated cyst, respectively. The highest content of DHA (0.78 mg/g DW) was observed in nauplii of cysts from Urmia Lake whereas it was around zero in other samples. The highest level of EPA (24.24 mg/g DW) was measured in nauplii from Maharlou Lake decapsulated cysts and the lowest (0.24 mg/g DW) was observed in Urmia lake cysts. The results revealed that the nauplii from decapsulated cysts of Maharlou Lake Artemia contained significantly higher levels of EPA and n-3 HUFA compared to others. Therefore, it is recommended to use it in aquatic larviculture.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Biology ; Chemistry ; Fisheries ; Artemia ; cyst ; Decapsulated cyst ; Nauplii ; Nutritional value ; Fatty Acid Profile ; Biology ; Physiology ; Iran
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 761-775
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  • 8
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    The study of skin lesions in beluga (Huso huso) fed with different dietary levels of Aflatoxin B1 (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/23783 | 18721 | 2018-07-27 13:48:55 | 23783 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: In this study, 180 Beluga (Huso huso) weighing 120110g each with a stocking density of 12 fish per tank were adapted with synthetic diet and then fed with different levels of AFBI (0, 25, 50,75 & 100pplpikg of diets) under controlled conditions (T=1 8±2°C, DO=7.3ppm). The fish were fed 3% of their body weight four times a day for three months. Prevalence of skin lesions evaluated through clinical observations monthly. With regard to toxin concentration and time of exposure to AFBi in experimental fish, different degree of skin lesions (simple hemorrhage to progressive wounds) were observed in different parts of body especially in vent, caudal peduncle, fins, and head. "Yellow sores" on head and trunk regions were considerable and led to deterioration of appearance. Prevalence of skin lesion in different treatments was 8•m53.3%. After feeding with toxic diets was stopped, 16.w24% healing was obsenTed in the fish.
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Health ; Huso huso ; AFB1 ; Oral Administration ; Skin lesions ; Lesion Healing ; Iran
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 43-52
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  • 9
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    Rearing Huso huso in earthen ponds and fiberglass tanks (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24271 | 18721 | 2018-08-03 13:38:49 | 24271 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: Juvenile Huso huso with average weight of 28.76 plus or minus 0.35 were reared in fiberglass tanks and earthen ponds for 29 weeks in order to evaluate potential of rearing of the fish for meat production purposes. Fish in fiberglass tanks showed weight increase up to 584.17 grams in 200 days and produced 6 kg of biomass per metric square. Survival ratio, food conversion ratio and specific growth rate were measured as 98.4%, 2.21 and 1.41 (% per day) for the fish respectively. During the experiment period, H.huso reared in the earthen ponds reached a weight of 708 grams and produced 1.5 kg of biomass per metric square. The survival rate, food conversion ratio and specific growth rate for the fish cultured in the earthen ponds were 85.7%, and 1.32 and 1.69 (% per day). Based on the results, the fiberglass tanks provided better growth condition in the beginning of the experiment. However, in later stages of rearing the trend was reversed and fish reared in earthen ponds showed more suitable condition although no statistically significant differences between treatments were found (p〉0.05).
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Huso huso ; Food conversion ratio ; Iran
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 119-132
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  • 10
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    Determination of the best stocking density for rearing Huso huso (2021)
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/24733 | 18721 | 2018-08-04 16:55:54 | 24733 | Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-15
    Description: Effects of stocking density on growth, food conversion ratio, specific growth rate, percentage of body weight increase in Huso huso were studied in two phases. Juveniles below one year old with an average weight of 92.09±1.72 grams and stocking densities of 1.6, 2.8 and 4 kg/m^2 in 3 replicates for 100 days were reared as the phase one group. One year old Huso huso with an average weight of 918.13±21.87 grams and stocking densities of 1.5, 2.5, 3.5 and 4.5 kg/m^2 reared for 120 days in 2000 liter fiberglass tanks were the second phase. Results revealed negative impact of density on growth, percentage of body weight, and specific growth rate and food conversion ratio in both phases. In the first phase, lower stocking density (1.6 kg/m^2) showed significant increase in growth rate (P〈0.05) as compared to 2.8 and 4 kg/m^2 stocking densities resulting in 42.3% and 61 % growth rate respectively. Fish kept at 4 kg/m2 density showed malformed caudal fins and injured body due to higher tensions and contacts. In the second phase, the growth rate of fish decreased with increase in stocking density where fish with lower density (1.5 kg/m^2) showed 7.2%, 15.6%, and 19.8% higher weight gain as compared to fish reared at 2.5, 3.5 and 4 kg/m^2 stocking density. Analyses showed that with increase in stocking density, feeding area per fish decreases and tension between fish increases that leads to lower feeding efficiency. Based on the results, the recommended optimum stocking density for Huso huso individuals up to 90 grams is 1.5-2 kg/m^2 and for fish individuals over 900 grams each the density should be kept at 2.5-3 kg/m^2.
    Keywords: Aquaculture ; Biology ; Husu huso ; Stocking Density ; Food Conversion Ratio ; Growth ; Iran
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: article , TRUE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 129-138
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