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  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION  (9)
  • 2020-2022
  • 1975-1979  (9)
  • 1960-1964
  • 1955-1959
  • 1
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    Solar wind induction in Mercury - Constraints on the formation of a magnetosphere (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: A model is outlined in which the origin of Mercury's magnetic field is attributed to electromagnetic induction from the interplanetary magnetic field. Both transverse magnetic (TM) and transverse electric (TE) induction are considered. It is found that neither mode can produce a totally detached magnetopause, so the highly nonlinear dynamics of magnetopausal flux deflection is investigated as a potential inhibitor of the decaying tendency of linear induction. No mechanism is discovered which can account for the large distance of the magnetopause, its temporal stability, and the orientation of the magnetic field. It is shown that the stochastic trapped-field TE model comes close to fulfilling these requirements, but cannot explain the Mariner 10 observations of Mercury's field. Noting the potential difficulties of the convective magnetic dynamo model, it is concluded that the source of Mercury's field is still poorly understood.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Icarus; 28; Aug. 197
    Format: text
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  • 2
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    Three synthetic lunar glasses (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: Glasses have been synthesized that have the approximate compositions of lunar rocks 61156, 68415, and 77135, respectively. The glasses have been analyzed by conventional analytical and electron microprobe techniques and have been found to be highly homogeneous. They have been used successfully as electron microprobe standards and for experimental studies of crystallization and solar-wind implantation. Small amounts of these materials can be provided to investigators who would find them useful.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Meteoritics; 11; June 30
    Format: text
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  • 3
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    Origin of lunar light plains (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: In order to determine the origin of Cayley-type lunar light plains, their physical properties, distribution, and relative ages are examined from Apollo orbital and Lunar Orbiter photographs. The distribution and apparent age of the plains deposits and data on highly feldspathic breccias indicate that these superficial materials are neither locally derived nor part of the Imbrium ejecta. The existence of a planar facies of continuous ejecta at Orientale and in the ejecta blankets of small craters is demonstrated. The data and interpretation presented support the hypothesis that the surface and near-surface materials of some light plains, including those at the Apollo 16 site, are at least partly composed of ejecta from the Orientale basin and that the materials of many rugged areas, such as the Descartes highlands, are overlain by similar material. The possibility that some Cayley-type plains may have a different origin is not excluded.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: U.S. Geological Survey; vol. 3
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  • 4
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    The petrogenesis of 77115 and its xenocrysts - Description and preliminary interpretation (1975)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: 77115, a fragment-laden feldspathic pigeonite basalt, is one of four hand specimen-size samples collected from a boulder about 2.5 m across at Station 7, Taurus-Littrow. 77115 crystallized rapidly from a melt at or near the lunar surface and contains a population of xenoliths and xenocrysts which must have come from two or more separate sources. Broad reaction rims present in many of the xenocrysts suggest that cooling of the melt may have been very slow initially and rapid in the latter stage to produce the very fine-grained matrix. If the requirement for two cooling rates can be established, this will favor an endogenous igneous origin rather than an impact origin for the melt. Another interpretation is that the matrix crystallized first, followed by subsolidus reaction between xenocrysts and matrix to form the rims. The Apollo 17 feldspathic pigeonite basalts are postulated to be the dominant rock types of the early lunar crust.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar Science Conference; Mar 17, 1975 - Mar 21, 1975; Houston, TX
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  • 5
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    The petrology of 77215, a noritic impact ejecta breccia (1976)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: Sample 77215 from the Apollo 17 Station 7 boulder is classified as a low-temperature, low-shock, non-regolith, impact ejecta breccia consisting mostly of norite lithic and mineral clasts. It is suggested that the norites in the sample crystallized and cooled relatively slowly at a depth greater than 8 km; orthopyroxene and anorthite crystallized contemporaneously, while the mesostasis was the last to crystallize after extensive differentiation and fractionation.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar Science Conference; Mar 15, 1976 - Mar 19, 1976; Houston, TX
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  • 6
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    Basis for interpretation regarding the ages of the Serenitatis, Imbrium and Orientale events (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
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    Publication Date: 2019-06-27
    Description: One of the most important objectives of lunar study is to relate the lunar sample data to important lunar events. This paper utilizes as the basis of interpretation consideration of the following: (1) photogeologic data, (2) the choice of a cratering model, (3) estimates of temperature of impact ejecta and shock-induced heating, (4) petrologic data of lunar breccias and their thermal and shock history, and (5) meaningful age measurements. Both the author's interpretations and alternative views are discussed. The age of the Serenitatis event is not yet known. The interpreted age of the Imbrium event is between 3.90 and 3.84 Ga. The age of the Orientale event is 3.84 Ga.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
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  • 7
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    Impact cratering phenomenon for the Ries multiring structure based on constraints of geological, geophysical, and petrological studies and the nature of the impacting body (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: In the present paper, an attempt is made to delineate, on the basis of field and laboratory data, the phenomenon of formation of the Ries multiring basin - the best preserved very large terrestrial impact structure. The model proposed conforms to constraints imposed by geological, geophysical, and petrological studies and by the nature of the postulated impacting body. It is also based on the impact features of a stony meteorite measuring 3 km in diameter at an impact velocity of 15 km/sec. The schematic reconstruction shows that critical to the production of a shallow crater is shallow impact penetration (shallow depth of burst). This and the nonballistic ejection of excavated material appear to be genetically related, i.e., if extensive nonballistic transport is recognized, then the associated crater must be a shallow structure and vice versa. This also means the shallow configuration of a crater may not have anything to do with postcratering readjustment.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Symposium on Planetary Cratering Mechanics; Sep 13, 1976 - Sep 17, 1976; Flagstaff, AZ
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  • 8
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    Apollo 16 white boulder consortium samples 67455 and 67475 - Petrologic investigation (1977)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: The paper describes Apollo 16 samples 67455 and 67475 from a white boulder which seems to be an ejecta block that represents a major lithology of the ejecta stratigraphic section penetrated by the North Ray cratering event. The characteristics of 67455, a polymict white feldspathic impact ejecta breccia, might possibly indicate that this and other samples from near the North Ray Crater rim come from a different source area or at least a different part of the same source area than do other Apollo 16 light matrix breccias. Sample 67475 is an impact melt probably produced by the same event that produced 67455. The transport of this assemblage and the relation of the white boulder to ejecta from the Nectaris event are considered.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar Science Conference; Mar 14, 1977 - Mar 18, 1977; Houston, TX
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  • 9
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    The Apollo 17 station 7 boulder - Summary of study by the International Consortium (1978)
    In:  Other Sources
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-07-13
    Description: A systematic interdisciplinary study of the Apollo 17 station 7 boulder, from the foot of the North Massif at Taurus-Littrow, is described. The astronauts observed four lithologies: a large white clast represented by 77215, cut by dark dikelets (77075) and enclosed in blue-gray breccia (77115); the assemblage of these three rock types is in turn surrounded by green-gray breccia (77135). The history of the station 7 boulder, as construed from the results of the consortium study, is presented.
    Keywords: LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
    Type: Lunar and Planetary Science Conference; Mar 13, 1978 - Mar 17, 1978; Houston, TX
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