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  • Springer  (366)
  • Springer Nature  (167)
  • Cell Press  (71)
  • American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
  • Taylor & Francis
  • 2020-2022  (319)
  • 1985-1989  (305)
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Year
  • 11
    ISSN: 1436-2449
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics , Physics
    Notes: Abstract We observed significant piezoelectric activity in cast films of poly(1-bicyclobutanecarbonitrile).
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    The European physical journal 28 (1985), S. 75-80 
    ISSN: 1434-6052
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The Unruh effect (heating by acceleration in vacuum) is discussed for the case of extended thermometers. An ambiguity in the temperature, corresponding to the well-known ambiguity in temperature of an extended body in thermal equilibrium in a gravitational field, is noted. The generality of the effect is related, following Sewell, to PCT symmetry. Application is made to the case of a spin-half particle in a confining and accelerating electromagnetic field.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 13
    ISSN: 1572-8099
    Keywords: Flame ; extinguishment ; extinction ; diffusion flames ; dry chemicals ; hydrocarbon-air
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Abstract An extensive experimental study has been made of the extinguishment of a smalln-heptane diffusion flame (14.7 cm diameter pan) by five common dry-chemical powders—potassium bicarbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium chloride, monoammonium phosphate, and Monnex. The fire extinguishing effectiveness (reciprocal of the observed minimum extinction concentration) of each dry-chemical substance, other than that due to chemical specificity, is fully explained on the basis of particle size and distribution. Literature correlations between effectiveness and particle surface area appear to be incidental and stem from the inherent relationship between particle size and surface area. An important finding of the study is a discontinuity in the extinguishing effectiveness of a powder as a function of particle size. This occurs for each substance at a unique particle diameter above which there is a dramatic five-to eight-fold decrease in effectiveness. For a given substance, all powders with particle sizes below the limiting value exhibit the same maximum effectiveness.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Fire technology 25 (1989), S. 195-212 
    ISSN: 1572-8099
    Keywords: physical ; thermal ; mechanisms ; flame ; fire ; extinguishment ; hydrocarbonair
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents an analysis of experimental flame and detonation extinguishment data published by a number of authors, including those in a companion paper. The maximum effectiveness observed for each of five common dry chemicals at small particle diameters is shown to be related to heat extraction from the flame by active endothermic sinks—heat capacity, fusion, vaporization, and decomposition. Larger particles are more stable in the flame and the reduced level of effectiveness observed is due principally to the only active sink—heat capacity. Evidence is presented to support two propositions: first, that the strong chemical inhibiting effects exhibited by many substances in flame velocity studies are effectively confined to low-concentration regimes; and second, that regardless of chemical effects, diffusion flames of the type studied are largely extinguished by thermal or heat extraction mechanisms at extinguishant concentrations that are quantitatively predicted by a simple heat balance and a predictable limit temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 15
    ISSN: 1572-879X
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A study has been made of ZSM5 zeolite deacidification (dealumination) by high temperature treatment in SiCl4 vapour, monitoring total acidity by Na+-exchange, and external surface acidity by methylene blue adsorption (exchange), with comparative measurements of theN Si/NAl ratio (nominally external surface) by XPS. Using H-ZSM5, the highest specificity for external surface deacidification was found at the lowest usable values of treatment temperature, time andp Sicl4. Using Na-ZSM5 in place of H-ZSM5 did not offer a useful improvement. A steaming/HCl-leaching method was shown not to be suitable for selective external surface deacidification. Values ofN Si/NAl by XPS were dependent on the method of sample preparation, with mechanical stress (pelleting, pressing) tending to give abnormally low values due to crystal or aggregate fracture: this effect became more serious with increasing severity of SiCl4 treatment. Even after correcting for XPS emission from subsurface layers, agreement between surfaceN Si/NAl values from XPS and acidity measurements was poor for samples with a low degree of bulk deacidification (mild SiCl4 treatments), and is ascribed to non-acidic surface Al.
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  • 16
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Impedance measurements on 23 Ah Ni-Cd cells at various residual capacity levels are described. These have been made using non-inductive connections coupled directly to a potentiostat and a frequency response analyser. The capacitive reactance at 0.39 Hz provided the best residual capacity indicator.
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 16 (1986), S. 555-564 
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract The problem of estimating the residual usable energy of a lead-acid cell has been intensified by the introduction of fully sealed units. These rely on the recombination of gaseous oxygen produced during overcharge at the positive electrode with the active material at the negative electrode. This introduction has removed the possibility of electrolyte density measurements, third electrode measurements and restricted residual capacity assessments to the two cell terminals. A method for this process is described using a parameter based on a characteristic frequency. The parameter is also a useful measure of cell ageing.
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of applied electrochemistry 15 (1985), S. 399-404 
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Impedance measurements have been made on a mini electrode disposed between two large (identical) counter electrodes. A general mechanism is obtained for the electrode behaviour from the experimental data. The electrode reaction is two step and complex. Where comparison is possible agreement is obtained with earlier work.
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 48 (1988), S. 257-262 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: feeding stimulants ; soybean ; Mexican bean beetle ; Epilachna varivestis ; relative growth rate ; relative consumption rate ; feeding preference ; sulfur dioxide ; soluble carobhydrate ; soluble protein ; glutathione ; plant stress
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Résumé Les taux de consommation relative (RCR) et de croissance relative (RGR) sont significativement supérieurs chez les larves d'E. varivestis après fumigation des feuilles de soja par SO2. L'étude de la relation entre RCR et RGR a révélé que les insectes se sont développés davantage, avant tout parce qu'ils ont consommé plus, et non pas par modification de la valeur nutritive des tissus de l'hôte. La teneur en carbohydrates solubles des feuilles traitées au glutathion on ayant subi une fumigation était bien supérieure à celle des témoins; les concentrations de sucrose, fructose et glucose, principaux phagostimulants de cet insecte avaient augmenté de 40 à 50%; la teneur en protéine soluble était inchangée (cas de la fumigation) ou significativement réduite (cas des feuilles traitées au glutathion). Des expériences de choix avec des disques de papier filtre ont montré que les insectes pouvaient distinguer nettement des différences de concentration en sucres, du même ordre d'importance que celles provoquées par le polluant, et y répondre. Ainsi, la cause primaire par laquelle SO2 augmente les performances d'E. varivestis sur soja semble être l'augmentation de la concentration foliaire en sucres stimulateurs, ce qui serait, au moins en partie, la conséquence de l'interférence du polluant avec la charge du phloème et le transfert du sucre à partir des feuilles atteintes.
    Notes: Abstract Relative consumption rate (RCR) and relative growth rate (RGR) were significantly higher for larvae of the Mexican bean beetle fed leaves from plants fumigated with SO2. The insects grew faster primarily because they ate faster, rather than as a result of change in nutritional value of affected host tissue. Soluble carbohydrate content of fumigated or glutathione-treated leaves was much higher than that of corresponding control leaves, and concentrations of sucrose, fructose, and glucose, major feeding stimulants for this insect, were increased 40–50% by the treatments; soluble protein was unchanged (fumigated leaves) or significantly lower (glutathione-treated leaves) than controls. Feeding choice assays using filter-paper discs demonstrated that the beetles can discriminate clearly and respond to differences in sugar content of the magnitude produced by exposure to the pollutant. Thus, the primary mechanism by which SO2 increases performance of Mexican bean beetle on soybean appears to be increase in foliar concentration of stimulatory sugars, which, at least in part, would be a consequence of the pollutant interfering with phloem loading and translocation of sugar from affected leaves.
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  • 20
    ISSN: 1572-8838
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Notes: Abstract Gross errors in impedance measurements of high capacity electrical storage cells can be observed when using a commercial Frequency Response Analyser (FRA) coupled with an electrochemical interface. The magnitudes of these errors are discussed and an appropriate automatic calibration procedure is described which enables the correct impedance to be recorded at any frequency.
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