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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Modal analysis of wake fields and its application to elliptical pill-box cavity with finite aperture (1990)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 68 (1990), S. 4942-4951 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The potential of the wake-field produced by a bunch of relativistic charged particles passing through a pill-box cavity is expressed by using Floquet's theorem, and an obvious requirement that the energy gain over all acceleration cavity of many pill boxes must be proportional to the number of pill boxes, based on the previous modal approach (BWW theory). It is found that the wake-field is consisted of two classes of modes: the longitudinal modes which are independent of the aperture and the pill-box gap, the hybrid (pill-box) modes which are dependent of the pill-box gap. The wake field is predominated by the fundamental longitudinal mode whose wavelength is on the order of the effective diameter of the cavity, and its magnitude is inversely proportional to the cross sectional area of the cavity for practical cavities with small apertures. Both longitudinal and transverse wake fields due to the longitudinal modes in an elliptical pill box cavity are expressed analytically in a closed series form by solving exactly the longitudinal eigenmode equation in the elliptical cylindrical coordinates in terms of Mathieu functions. It is found that both longitudinal and transverse wake fields whose amplitudes per driving charge are greater than 100 MV/m/μC can be generated in an elliptical cavity.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.347079
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Effect of Surimi Addition to Fresh Pasta on Ultra-structure and Cooked Firmness (1990)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 55 (1990), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Transversal ultra-structure and firmness were examined on cooked spaghetti-shaped pasta prepared from durum semolina with 0% (control), 10%, 20%, and 30% Alaskan pollock surimi. The ultra-structure of the pasta exhibited two differences between inner and outer gross structures of the extruded product. In the inner portion, control and surimi-added pasta were not different. In the outer portion, surimi gel was observed as a network with small cavities uniformly distributed throughout the matrix formed by the gluten and/or gelatinized starch of durum semolina. Cooked firmness of the pasta decreased with addition of surimi.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1990.tb03969.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Setting Response of Alaska Pollock Surimi Compared with Beef Myofibrils (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 58 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Physicochemical properties of surimi after preincubation at 25–50°C and beef myofibrils at 25–60°C for up to 8 hr prior to cooking at 80°C for 20 min were evaluated by a torsion test and sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. Shear stress and true shear strain of surimi were more sensitive to pH changes than beef myofibrils. Maximum gel strength was found at = pH 7 for surimi and pH 6 for beef myofibrils. The myofibrils showed no setting effect at any preincubation temperatures examined, while surimi showed an optimum setting effect at 25°C. Incorporation of beef myofibrils into surimi resulted in decrease of shear stress and true shear strain values.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1993.tb04317.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sparse matrix sampling: a screening method for crystallization of proteins (1991)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Applied crystallography online 24 (1991), S. 409-411 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5767
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: A set of screening conditions for initial experiments in protein crystallization has been developed, tested, and is herein presented. These solution and precipitant conditions are empirically derived based on known or published crystallization conditions of various proteins in the past, so as to sample as large a range of buffer, pH, additive and precipitant variables as possible, using small amounts of proteins. The 50 crystallization conditions have been tested on 15 previously crystallized proteins, all of which were also crystallized in at least one form by this screen. This method is also shown to be highly successful in the crystallization of proteins which had not previously been crystallized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0021889891004430
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Model bias in macromolecular crystal structures (1992)
    [S.l.] : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 48 (1992), S. 851-858 
    Details
    ISSN: 1600-5724
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Reduction of model bias in macromolecular crystallography through various omit-map techniques has been investigated. The two cases studied were the p21 protein complexed with GDP at 2.25 Å resolution and the AN02 Fab fragment of an anti-dinitrophenyl-spin-label murine monoclonal antibody complexed with its hapten at 2.9 Å resolution. In the former case, the correct model was compared to a partially incorrect model consisting of an exchanged pair of β strands along with rearrangement of the connecting loops whereas, in the latter case, the correct placement of an active-site tryptophan side chain was compared to an incorrect rotamer conformation. Partial structures were created by omission of spherical regions around the incorrect region. Omit maps without refinement of the partial structure showed a large degree of model bias. Model bias could be reduced significantly by refinement of the partial structure. Simulated-annealing refinement of the partial structure showed the best results, followed by conjugate-gradient minimization with or without prior randomization of the partial structure. To avoid compensation for missing atoms during simulated-annealing refinement of the partial structure, a suitable `boundary' region was restrained to the starting coordinates. Model bias removal by iterative density modification was not successful in that it reduced density for both the correct and incorrect conformations.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0108767392006044
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High-resolution crystals and preliminary X-ray diffraction studies of a catalytic RNA (1994)
    Copenhagen : International Union of Crystallography (IUCr)
    Acta crystallographica 50 (1994), S. 290-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1399-0047
    Source: Crystallography Journals Online : IUCR Backfile Archive 1948-2001
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: High-resolution single crystals of a catalytic RNA molecule derived from the sequence of the satellite RNA of tobacco ringspot virus have been obtained. The unit-cell volumes of the RNA crystals vary depending on the crystallization conditions and temperature. The best crystal form, when flash frozen, has space group P1 with unit-cell dimensions a = 53.08, b = 71.81, c = 28.03 Å, α = 98.43, β = 104.32 and γ = 74.54°. This form diffracts to a resolution of 2.4 Å. A heavy-atom derivative search is in progress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/S0907444993013071
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polymerization of Beef Actomyosin Induced by Transglutaminase (1993)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Journal of food science 58 (1993), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1750-3841
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Polymerization of beef actomyosin was induced by addition of transglutaminase. The relative intensity analyzed by densitometry after sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis indicated that bands containing the polymerized myosin increased from 10.1 ± 2.2% to 20.7 ± 3.5% while the myosin monomer band decreased from 20.9 ± 3.4% to 13.0 ± 2.7% as the reaction time extended from 10 to 120 min at 35°C. Polymerization of actomyosin induced by transglutaminase resulted in gelation of the actomyosin that was visualized by confocal laser scanning microscopy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1993.tb04302.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The thermal conductivity of R22, R142b, R152a, and their mixtures in the liquid state (1993)
    Springer
    International journal of thermophysics 14 (1993), S. 937-950 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9567
    Keywords: mixtures ; R142b ; R152a ; refrigerants ; thermal conductivity ; transient hot-wire method
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract An experimental apparatus for measuring the thermal conductivity of liquids by the transient hot-wire method was constructed and tested with toluene as a standard liquid. Measurements were performed on R22, R142b, and R152a. The thermal conductivities of mixtures of R142b and R152a with R22 were also measured by varying the weight fraction of R22. Experiments were performed in the range from −50 to 50°C and from 2 to 20 MPa and the measured data are analyzed to obtain a correlation in terms of temperature, pressure, and composition of the mixture. While the thermal conductivity of R22 + R152a mixtures varies monotonously with composition, that of R22 + R142b mixtures turned out to go through an extremum value. The accuracy of our measurements is estimated to be within 2%.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00502116
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Al2O3-5 wt% Al composites by ICP sintering of synthesized precursor (1994)
    Springer
    Journal of materials science 29 (1994), S. 6604-6610 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-4803
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Abstract Microstructure developments during the milling of Al2O3-5wt% Al composite powder in an attritor and subsequent sintering of the precursor by inductively coupled argon plasma are presented. After 4 h of milling the precursor contained tubular ceramic-metal and uniform ceramic regions. With an increase in the milling period the ceramic-metal regions broke into smaller and almost globular regions, and the smaller regions became dispersed in the ceramic regions. After 8 h of milling the composite powder had a stable microstructure and contained 0.25–0.35 μm clusters. The sintered composite was 〉 99.7% dense and its microstructure consisted of ceramic-metal regions which were dispersed in the matrix of a ceramic region. The sizes of ceramic grains in ceramic-metal regions and the ceramic regions were 0.3–2.2 and 0.8–1.8 μm, respectively. Many ceramic grains in ceramic-metal regions were separated by 30–100 nm wide metal layers. The microstructure of the ceramic-metal region showed many features of interpenetrating phase composites. The Knoop and Vickers microhardnesses of the composites at 5–10 N loads were 410–450. Under 10 N loads in Knoop and Vickers microhardness tests the crack length was 11±3 and 3 ± 0.5 μm, respectively. The crack propogation mechanisms in the indented areas are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00354028
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The synthesis of a precursor of polybenzimidazole (PBI) and blends with polyamic acid (PAA) (1993)
    Bognor Regis [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Polymer Science Part A: Polymer Chemistry 31 (1993), S. 3167-3180 
    Details
    ISSN: 0887-624X
    Keywords: polybenzimidazole ; polyimide ; blends ; miscibility ; infrared spectroscopy ; poly(amic acid) ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The precursor of polybenzimidazole (PBI), poly(3,3′-diamino-4,4′-benzidine isophthalamide) (PDABI), was synthesized from poly(3,3′-dinitro-4,4′-benzidine isophthalamide) (PDNBI) by reduction. With increasing temperature, the NH2 moiety which was protected by SnCl5-1 could cyclize and form PBI. Blends with polyamic acid (LaRC-TPI) were prepared. Clear blend films were prepared at up to 400°C. The IR spectra displayed shifts in the NH stretching band, thereby providing evidence for specific interactions related to the miscibility of their cured blends. © 1993 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 26 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/pola.1993.080311301
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