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  • 2020-2022  (2)
  • 2000-2004  (5)
  • 1975-1979  (10)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Damage production in semiconductor materials by a focused Ga+ ion beam (2000)
    [S.l.] : American Institute of Physics (AIP)
    Journal of Applied Physics 88 (2000), S. 5658-5661 
    Details
    ISSN: 1089-7550
    Source: AIP Digital Archive
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: The semiconductor materials Si, SiC, GaP, InP, GaAs, and InAs were irradiated at normal incidence and room temperature with a focused Ga+ ion beam in order to investigate the damage production at high current densities on the order of some A cm−2. The samples were irradiated with ion fluences between 2×1013 and 2×1015 Ga+ cm−2 at an ion energy of 50 keV. The critical ion fluences for amorphization were determined by Rutherford backscattering spectrometry and by Raman spectroscopy. It was found that for SiC, GaP, and InP the number of displacements per atom necessary for amorphization is about the same one as that required for irradiation at low current densities, but in the cases of Si, GaAs, and InAs the high and low current density results differ remarkably. The reason for the different behavior of these materials is discussed. © 2000 American Institute of Physics.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.1319168
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Über einen Ordnungsbegriff bei Einbettungsalgorithmen zur Lösung nichtlinearer Gleichungen (1976)
    Springer
    Computing 16 (1976), S. 187-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-5057
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract For solving the nonlinear systemF(x)=0 by using a continuation method a functionz implicitly defined byH(z, t)=0 has to be determined. In order to obtain approximationsz k toz(t k ) the algorithmz k+1:=z k −τ k p(z k ,t k , τ k ),t k+1:=t k +τ k , is used. The order of such a functionp is defined in this paper, and for certain classes of algorithms the corresponding orders are determined.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Zur Lösung des nichtlinearen GleichungssystemsF(x)=0 nach einem Einbettungsverfahren ist eine durchH(z, t)=0 implizit definierte Funktionz zu bestimmen. Um Näherungenz k fürz(t k ) zu erhalten, wird die Vorschriftz k+1:=z k −τ k p(z k ,t k , τ k ),t k+1:=t k +τ k , benutzt. In der vorliegenden Arbeit erfolgt die Definition der Ordnung einer solchen Funktionp, und für gewisse Klassen von Algorithmen werden die zugehörigen Ordnungen bestimmt.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02280878
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Colour receptors in the bee eye — Morphology and spectral sensitivity (1976)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 108 (1976), S. 11-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary 1. Colour coding in the retina of the honey bee,Apis mellifera, is examined by single unit recording and intracellular marking with the fluorescence dye Procion yellow. 2. The three receptor types (UV, blue, green receptors) are dominated by three rhodopsin — like pigments with absorbance maxima at 350 nm, 440 nm and 540 nm. This is in general agreement with the first discription of the bee's colour receptors by Autrum and v. Zwehl, 1964. 3. The UV-receptors were found to be those cells which form the long visual fibres. These penetrate the lamina with differing patterns of short arborisations and spines and project to the 1. or more often to the 2. medullary layer. 4. Most green receptors we have marked from the deep lamina axons which reach the internal (most proximal) lamina layer and end in several branches. The shallow lamina fibres come from blue or from green receptors. 5. The majority of cells have secondary sensitivities at wavelength regions where the other receptor types absorb maximally. We show with spectral adaptation experiments that this linkage is caused by a positive electrical coupling. We give arguments which exclude the artificial nature of the electrical coupling. 6. There is also evidence for negative electrical coupling between different colour receptors. We have recorded from several UV-receptors, which responded with a hyperpolarising potential to long wavelength stimulation. The narrower spectral sensitivity functions when compared with Dartnall resonance functions found in a smaller number of receptors are interpreted to reflect, too, negative electrical interactions between different colour receptors. 7. We propose a model of electrical interactions of densely packed colour receptors which postulates negative electrical coupling occurring within the retina and positive electrical coupling through the lamina cartridge. Further-more, we discuss our results on the basis of colour integration mechanisms within the lamina.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00625437
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromatic properties of interneurons in the optic lobes of the bee (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 113 (1977), S. 17-34 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary The chromatic properties of single units in the optic medulla and lobula of the worker bee were examined. This paper describes the spectral sensitivity, S (λ) and the receptive fields of “broad band” units, ie. those neurons which receive qualitatively similar inputs from 2 or 3 colour receptor types. The simplest broad band unit responds with sustained excitation or inhibition to light of all colours. Intracellular staining has identified the sustained excitatory unit as the Y8 cell of the proximal medulla. More complex broad band units may receive a variety of colour inputs which sum with different weighting factors or the colour inputs may have different temporal patterning. Receptive fields tend to be large (diameter greater than 60°). The simplest broad band units show homogenous receptive fields which are uniform for all colours. More complex receptive fields contain different areas where different colours evoke an optimal response. No centre-sourround spatial antagonism was found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00610451
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Visual interneurons in the median protocerebrum of the bee (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 121 (1977), S. 65-77 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Visual interneurons in the median protocerebrum were electrophysiologically analysed. Over half of the units responded to more than one modality (light, scent, sugar water). As the intensity dependencies for these interneurons are rather complicated, their visual properties were characterized by measuring response/intensity functions (R/I-curves). No significant response differences were found for the different recording locations in the mushroom body region. The only apparent difference was that the interneurons' spontaneous discharge frequencies differed with recording site. The visual interneurons revealed different classes of R/I-dependencies: 1. R/I curves with positive slope and a wide response range; 2. R/I curves with intensity specific response bands (I-bands); 3. R/I curves with inhibition; 4. R/I curves with little intensity dependence; 5. R/I curves with colour specific response bands. The spectral sensitivities of most units were broad. In all but one case narrow banded spectral sensitivities had a UV maximum. In many units the spectral sensitivities for the three temporal components of the response (on, sustained and off) are different. The integration of these neurons in the process of colour coding is discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00614181
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chromatic properties of interneurons in the optic lobes of the bee (1977)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 113 (1977), S. 35-53 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Summary Narrow band or monochromatic neurons were recorded in the medulla and lobula of the bee optic lobe. The spectral sensitivities of UV, blue and green units were similar to, but narrower than those of the corresponding receptors. Colour opponent cells were recorded in the proximal medulla and were predominantly UV excited and inhibited by blue and green. Green and blue excited neurons which were inhibited by UV were rarely found. All opponent cells showed a maximum sensitivity change in the violet region. The receptive fields of these neurons were homogeneous, each point being excited by the one wavelength and being inhibited by the other. Polychromatic neurons, i.e. those that showed clearly colour dependent responses in several wavelength regions but which showed a dominant response in only one wavelength range were recorded mainly in the lobula. Only UV or green dominated polychromatic cells were found. Their receptive fields show complex colour dependent substructures which are not concentrically arranged. Two neurons showed definite inputs from more than one colour channel but remain narrow band. These neurons respond best in the region of overlap of two receptors, i.e. bluish-green and violet. Colour opponency appears to play a major role in colour integration as in vertebrates, although no evidence supporting the combination of colour with spatial opponency was found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00610452
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  • 7
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    Advances in broad bandwidth light sources for ultrahigh resolution optical coherence tomography (2004)
    Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004-03-18
    Print ISSN: 0031-9155
    Electronic ISSN: 1361-6560
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Published by Institute of Physics
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  • 8
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    Threshold reduction of stimulated Brillouin scattering (SBS) using fiber loop schemes (2001)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001-12-01
    Print ISSN: 0946-2171
    Electronic ISSN: 1432-0649
    Topics: Physics
    Published by Springer
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  • 9
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    Gradient gas sensor microarrays for on-line process control — a new dynamic classification model for fast and reliable air quality assessment (2000)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-08-01
    Print ISSN: 0925-4005
    Electronic ISSN: 1873-3077
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Electrical Engineering, Measurement and Control Technology
    Published by Elsevier
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  • 10
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    Damage production in semiconductor materials by a focused Ga+ ion beam (2000)
    American Institute of Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2000-11-15
    Print ISSN: 0021-8979
    Electronic ISSN: 1089-7550
    Topics: Physics
    Published by American Institute of Physics
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