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  • Models, Neurological  (2)
  • 2020-2023
  • 2020-2022
  • 2005-2009  (2)
  • 1985-1989
  • 1940-1944
  • 1
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    Preventing the return of fear in humans using reconsolidation update mechanisms (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-12-17
    Description: Recent research on changing fears has examined targeting reconsolidation. During reconsolidation, stored information is rendered labile after being retrieved. Pharmacological manipulations at this stage result in an inability to retrieve the memories at later times, suggesting that they are erased or persistently inhibited. Unfortunately, the use of these pharmacological manipulations in humans can be problematic. Here we introduce a non-invasive technique to target the reconsolidation of fear memories in humans. We provide evidence that old fear memories can be updated with non-fearful information provided during the reconsolidation window. As a consequence, fear responses are no longer expressed, an effect that lasted at least a year and was selective only to reactivated memories without affecting others. These findings demonstrate the adaptive role of reconsolidation as a window of opportunity to rewrite emotional memories, and suggest a non-invasive technique that can be used safely in humans to prevent the return of fear.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3640262/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3640262/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schiller, Daniela -- Monfils, Marie-H -- Raio, Candace M -- Johnson, David C -- Ledoux, Joseph E -- Phelps, Elizabeth A -- K05 MH067048/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- P50 MH058911/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH038774/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R01 MH046516/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R21 MH072279/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- R37 MH038774/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- Canadian Institutes of Health Research/Canada -- England -- Nature. 2010 Jan 7;463(7277):49-53. doi: 10.1038/nature08637. Epub 2009 Dec 9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20010606" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Conditioning, Classical/*physiology ; Cues ; Electrodes ; Electroshock ; Extinction, Psychological/*physiology ; Fear/*physiology/*psychology ; Humans ; Memory/*physiology ; Models, Neurological ; Models, Psychological ; Neuronal Plasticity/*physiology ; Photic Stimulation ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 2
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    Synaptic integration in tuft dendrites of layer 5 pyramidal neurons: a new unifying principle (2009)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-08-08
    Description: Tuft dendrites are the main target for feedback inputs innervating neocortical layer 5 pyramidal neurons, but their properties remain obscure. We report the existence of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) spikes in the fine distal tuft dendrites that otherwise did not support the initiation of calcium spikes. Both direct measurements and computer simulations showed that NMDA spikes are the dominant mechanism by which distal synaptic input leads to firing of the neuron and provide the substrate for complex parallel processing of top-down input arriving at the tuft. These data lead to a new unifying view of integration in pyramidal neurons in which all fine dendrites, basal and tuft, integrate inputs locally through the recruitment of NMDA receptor channels relative to the fixed apical calcium and axosomatic sodium integration points.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Larkum, Matthew E -- Nevian, Thomas -- Sandler, Maya -- Polsky, Alon -- Schiller, Jackie -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2009 Aug 7;325(5941):756-60. doi: 10.1126/science.1171958.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology, University of Berne, Buhlplatz 5, 3012 Berne, Switzerland. matthew.larkum@gmail.com〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19661433" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Action Potentials ; Animals ; Axons/physiology ; Calcium Signaling ; Computer Simulation ; Dendrites/*physiology ; Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials ; In Vitro Techniques ; Models, Neurological ; N-Methylaspartate/metabolism ; Neocortex/cytology/*physiology ; Patch-Clamp Techniques ; Pyramidal Cells/*physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate/metabolism ; Sodium/metabolism ; Synapses/*physiology ; Synaptic Potentials
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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