ALBERT — All Library Books, journals and Electronic Records Telegrafenberg

1

Electronic Resource

Stipe Trimming at Harvest Increases Shelf Life of Fresh Mushrooms (Agaricus bisporus) (1992)

AJLOUNI, SAID O. ; BEELMAN, ROBERT B. ; THOMPSON, DONALD B. ; [et al.]

Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Journal of food science 57 (1992), S. 0

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ISSN: 1750-3841

Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology

Notes: Trimming the stipe of cultivated mushrooms, Agaricus bisporus, from 35 mm to 5 mm from the cap immediately after harvest resulted in improved shelf life as indicated by reduced browning and slower cap opening. This effect was evident after 3 days storage at 12°C, and became more pronounced after 6 days. Trimming the stipes had no significant effect on postharvest respiration rate or bacterial growth; thus, the shelf life improvement was due to other factors. Stipe trimming reduced the weight (yield) of saleable mushrooms by about 10%; thus, shelf life improvement would need to offset any economic loss to growers to make this practice commercially feasible.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2621.1992.tb06858.x

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2

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Computer program for the mass and heat balance calculations for the wet process phosphoric acid (hemi-hydrate) and its applications to Saudi phosphate rock (1993)

Al-Fariss, T. F. ; Razik, S. M. Abdul ; Ghasem, Nayef M. ; [et al.]

Springer

Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 35 (1993), S. 169-175

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ISSN: 1573-0867

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Abstract A computer program is developed for the wet phosphoric acid process using Saudi phosphate ore. The program concentrates on the heart of the process that is the acidulation crystallization step. The key parameters of the program are obtained from micropilot plant continuous experiments performed at our laboratory using different types of Saudi phosphate ores with different chemical, physical and minerological properties. The program is used to correlate the main operating and design parameters with the ore measurable characteristics.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00750635

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3

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Introduction and PCR detection of Desulfomonile tiedjei in soil slurry microcosms (1997)

Fantroussi, Saïd El ; Mahillon, Jacques ; Naveau, Henry ; [et al.]

Springer

Biodegradation 8 (1997), S. 125-133

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ISSN: 1572-9729

Keywords: Desulfomonile tiedjei ; soil ; PCR ; reductive dechlorination

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Abstract The aim of this work was to test the feasibility ofintroducing an anaerobic microbial reductivedechlorination activity into non sterile soil slurrymicrocosms by inoculation with the pure anaerobicbacterial strain Desulfomonile tiedjei, which iscapable of dechlorinating 3-chlorobenzoate tobenzoate. To show that the bacterium was establishedin the microcosms we followed the expression of thereductive dechlorination activity and a molecularprobe based on PCR amplification of the 16S rDNA genewas developed. However, the success of PCRamplification of the 16S rDNA gene depends on the DNAextraction and purification methodologies applied, asshown through the use of several protocols. In thisstudy we report a DNA extraction and purificationmethod which generates sufficient and very clean DNAsuitable for PCR amplification of the D. tiedjei16S rDNA gene. The threshold of detection was about5.103 bacteria per gram of soil slurry.Introduction of D. tiedjei in soil slurrymicrocosms proved successful since 3-chlorobenzoatedechlorination activity was established with thisbacterium in microcosms normally devoid of thisdechlorination capacity. Indeed, the addition of D. tiedjei to microcosms supplemented with acetateplus formate as cosubstrate, at their respectiveconcentrations of 5 and 6 mM, led to a totalbiotransformation of 2.5 mM of 3-chlorobenzoate within12 days. After complete 3-chlorobenzoatedechlorination, the 16S rDNA gene of this bacteriumwas specifically detected only in the inoculatedmicrocosms as shown by PCR amplification followed byrestriction mapping confirmation.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008262426800

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4

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Identification of quantitative trait loci for nitrogen use efficiency in maize (1999)

Agrama, H.A.S. ; Zakaria, A.G. ; Said, F.B. ; [et al.]

Springer

Molecular breeding 5 (1999), S. 187-195

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ISSN: 1572-9788

Keywords: gene mapping ; low nitrogen tolerance ; nitrogen use efficiency ; RFLP ; Zea mays L.

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Abstract Intensively managed crop systems are normally dependent on nitrogen input to maximize yield potential. Improvements in nitrogen- use efficiency (NUE) in crop plants may support the development of cropping systems that are more economically efficient and environment friendly. The objective of this study was to map and characterize quantitative trait loci (QTL) for NUE in a maize population. In preliminary experiments, inbred lines contrasting for NUE were identified and were used to generate populations of F2:3 families for genetic study. A total of 214 F2:3 families were evaluated in replicated trials under high nitrogen (280 kg/ha) and low nitrogen (30 kg/ha) conditions in 1996 and 1997. Analysis of ear-leaf area, plant height, grain yield, ears per plant, kernels number per ear, and kernel weight indicated significant genetic variation among F2:3 families. The heritability of these traits was found to be high (h2=0.57–0.81). The mapping population were genotyped using a set of 99 restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) markers. A linkage map of these markers was developed and used to identify QTL. Between two and six loci were found to be associated with each trait. The correspondence of several genomic regions with traits measured under nitrogen limited conditions suggests the presence of QTL associated with NUE. QTLs will help breeders to improve their maize ideotype of a low-nitrogen efficiency by identifying those constitutive and adaptive traits involved in the expression of traits significantly correlated with yield, such as ear leaf area and number of ears per plant.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009669507144

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5

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Classification of Erythrina provenances by rumen degradation characteristics of dry matter and nitrogen (1996)

Larbi, A. ; Kurdi, O. I. ; Said, A. N. ; [et al.]

Springer

Agroforestry systems 33 (1996), S. 153-163

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ISSN: 1572-9680

Keywords: forage quality ; inter-/intra-species variation ; tree fodder

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Abstract Some species of the genus Erythrina have considerable potential as forage, but information on their nutritional value is scanty. The objective of the study was to define groups of Erythrina provenances based on rumen degradation parameters for dry matter and nitrogen which would be useful in the selection of provenances for detailed nutritional or tree improvement studies. Degradation parameters (i.e. soluble fraction (a), slowly degradable fraction (b), rate of degradation (c) and extent of degradation (a + b) were estimated for twenty Erythrina provenances belonging to seven species (E. abyssinica, E. bentipoeme, E. brucei, E. burana, E. melanacantha, E. poeppigiana and E. variegata)). The data were subjected to principal component and cluster analyses for grouping, and the 20 provenances were placed into four distinct cluster groups. Provenances of E. brucei and E. abyssinica belonged to three clusters, whereas provenances of E. burana and E. variegata were confined to one cluster. Using extent of dry matter and nitrogen degradation values of 71 and 86% respectively, as a forage quality index, members of clusters 1 and 2 (i.e. E. abyssinica, ILCA 10606; E. brucei, ILCA 10579, 10625, 10628, 10637, 10643; E. burana 10575, 10641, 12157; E. melanacantha ILCA 10574 and E. variegata ILCA 14991 and 14994), appeared to be superior in quality to their counterparts in clusters 3 and 4. The results suggested existence of intra and inter-species variation in rumen degradation characteristics for dry matter and nitrogen within the genus Erythrina.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00213647

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6

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Colocation of downy mildew (Plasmopara halstedii) resistance genes in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) (1996)

Roeckel-Drevet, Patricia ; Gagne, Geneviève ; Mouzeyar, Said ; [et al.]

Springer

Euphytica 91 (1996), S. 225-228

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ISSN: 1573-5060

Keywords: bulked segregant analysis ; Helianthus annuus ; linkage ; Plasmopara halstedii ; resistance genes ; RFLP ; sunflower ; downy mildew

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Summary The Pl6 locus in the inbred sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) line HA335 giving resistance to French races of downy mildew (Plasmopara halstedii (Farl.) Berl. & de Toni. was localized by molecular techniques. A bulked segregant analysis was made on the F2 progeny from a cross between this line and H52, a downy mildew susceptible line. The resistance gene in HA335 was found to have the same linked RFLP marker loci as those determined for Pl1 (resistance to race 1 in the line RHA266) on linkage group 1 of the consensus RFLP map of the cultivated sunflower. Pl1 and Pl6 thus appear either to be allelic or closely linked. The implications for sunflower breeding are discussed.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00021074

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7

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Accumulation of Defense Related Transcripts in Sunflower Hypocotyls (Helianthus annuus L.) Infected with Plasmopara halstedii (1999)

Mazeyrat, Florence ; Mouzeyar, Said ; Courbou, Isabelle ; [et al.]

Springer

European journal of plant pathology 105 (1999), S. 333-340

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ISSN: 1573-8469

Keywords: chitinase ; defense gene ; Helianthus annuus ; PAL ; Plasmopara halstedii ; ubiquitin

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Abstract A cDNA clone encoding a sunflower chitinase was obtained using degenerated primers in PCR amplifications and RACE procedures. This clone, a phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) clone and ubiquitin clone were used to analyse the resistance of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) to downy mildew. The differential regulation of amounts of PAL (involved in the general pathway of phenylpropanoid synthesis), chitinase (a pathogenesis-related protein) and ubiquitin (involved in proteolytic pathways) mRNA was studied in hypocotyls during the early stages after an aerial infection of sunflower inbred line RHA274 with zoospores from either race 1 (incompatible, host resistant) or race B (compatible, host susceptible) of Plasmopara halstedii. Northern analyses showed that transcript levels of PAL, chitinase and ubiquitin were rapidly and strongly increased after infection in incompatible interactions but not in the compatible ones, suggesting that regulation of these mRNAs is an important component of the resistance mechanisms in sunflower.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008770008117

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8

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Microscopical studies of the effect of metalaxyl on the interaction between sunflower,Helianthus annuus L. and downy mildew,Plasmopara halstedii (1995)

Mouzeyar, Saïd ; Vear, Felicity ; Labrouhe, Denis Tourvieille

Springer

European journal of plant pathology 101 (1995), S. 399-404

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ISSN: 1573-8469

Keywords: Helianthus annuus ; hypersensitivity ; metalaxyl ; Plasmopara halstedii

Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition

Notes: Abstract The mode of action of the fungicide metalaxyl againstPlasmopara halstedii, the causal agent of sunflower downy mildew, was studied following its application before, during and after artificial contamination of seedlings. The development of the fungus within the treated seedlings was examined microscopically and compared to that occuring in untreated genetically susceptible or resistant genotypes. Hypersensitive-like reactions and necrotic zones leading to the inhibition of fungus growth within the hypocotyl were observed for the three modes of application. This suggests that sunflower defence mechanisms activated by genetical resistance are also involved in the control of downy mildew by metalaxyl.

Type of Medium: Electronic Resource

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01874853

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