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  • Articles  (490)
  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (366)
  • Mutation  (126)
  • 2020-2023
  • 2020-2020
  • 1995-1999  (455)
  • 1960-1964  (35)
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  • Articles  (490)
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  • 1
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    Fas ligand: a sensor for DNA damage critical in skin cancer etiology (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-08-07
    Description: DNA-damaged cells can either repair the DNA or be eliminated through a homeostatic control mechanism termed "cellular proofreading." Elimination of DNA-damaged cells after ultraviolet radiation (UVR) through sunburn cell (apoptotic keratinocyte) formation is thought to be pivotal for the removal of precancerous skin cells. Sunburn cell formation was found to be dependent on Fas ligand (FasL), a pro-apoptotic protein induced by DNA damage. Chronic exposure to UVR caused 14 of 20 (70 percent) FasL-deficient mice and 1 of 20 (5 percent) wild-type mice to accumulate p53 mutations in the epidermis. Thus, FasL-mediated apoptosis is important for skin homeostasis, suggesting that the dysregulation of Fas-FasL interactions may be central to the development of skin cancer.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hill, L L -- Ouhtit, A -- Loughlin, S M -- Kripke, M L -- Ananthaswamy, H N -- Owen-Schaub, L B -- CA45623/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- CA52457/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- F32 AI09351/AI/NIAID NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Aug 6;285(5429):898-900.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Immunology, University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10436160" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, CD95/genetics/physiology ; Apoptosis ; *DNA Damage ; Epidermis/*cytology/metabolism/radiation effects ; Fas Ligand Protein ; *Genes, p53 ; Keratinocytes/*cytology/metabolism/radiation effects ; Membrane Glycoproteins/genetics/*physiology ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Mutation ; Skin Neoplasms/*etiology/pathology ; Ultraviolet Rays ; Up-Regulation
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enzymatic process for mustard seed to produce oil, meal, and allyl isothiocyanatePresented at the 141st National Meeting of the American Chemical Society, Washington, D.C., March 30, 1962. (1963)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 5 (1963), S. 27-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Removal of the pungent factor, allyl isothiocyanate, will partly determine whether mustard seed can become a commerical source for oil and meal in the United States. In processing studies at the Northern Laboratory, the mustard glucoside was converted enzymatically and the pungent oil was removed. This process has now been extended to pilot-plant scale by using filtration-extraction equipment at the Southern Laboratory. After desolventization and further steam stripping, the extracted meal had a residual content of 2.9% crude fat and 0.004% allyl isothiocyanate.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260050106
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic computer solution for the MPN equation used in the determination of bacterial populations (1960)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Biochemical and Microbiological Technology and Engineering 2 (1960), S. 157-163 
    Details
    ISSN: 0368-1467
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The utility and the practical precision of the Most Probable Number method for determining bacterial populations is currently restricted by a lack of adequate tables of solved examples or alternatively by an easy and quick solution to individual problems. Where an electronic computer is available, these restrictions need not apply. A computer programme and example solution for tabulated data and individual problems are presented in this paper.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jbmte.390020205
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  • 4
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    Positional cloning of the gene for multiple endocrine neoplasia-type 1 (1997)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1997-04-18
    Description: Multiple endocrine neoplasia-type 1 (MEN1) is an autosomal dominant familial cancer syndrome characterized by tumors in parathyroids, enteropancreatic endocrine tissues, and the anterior pituitary. DNA sequencing from a previously identified minimal interval on chromosome 11q13 identified several candidate genes, one of which contained 12 different frameshift, nonsense, missense, and in-frame deletion mutations in 14 probands from 15 families. The MEN1 gene contains 10 exons and encodes a ubiquitously expressed 2.8-kilobase transcript. The predicted 610-amino acid protein product, termed menin, exhibits no apparent similarities to any previously known proteins. The identification of MEN1 will enable improved understanding of the mechanism of endocrine tumorigenesis and should facilitate early diagnosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chandrasekharappa, S C -- Guru, S C -- Manickam, P -- Olufemi, S E -- Collins, F S -- Emmert-Buck, M R -- Debelenko, L V -- Zhuang, Z -- Lubensky, I A -- Liotta, L A -- Crabtree, J S -- Wang, Y -- Roe, B A -- Weisemann, J -- Boguski, M S -- Agarwal, S K -- Kester, M B -- Kim, Y S -- Heppner, C -- Dong, Q -- Spiegel, A M -- Burns, A L -- Marx, S J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1997 Apr 18;276(5311):404-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Gene Transfer, National Human Genome Research Institute (NHGRI), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9103196" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Chromosome Mapping ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11 ; *Cloning, Molecular ; DNA, Complementary/genetics ; Exons ; Frameshift Mutation ; *Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Humans ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1/*genetics ; Mutation ; Neoplasm Proteins/chemistry/*genetics ; *Proto-Oncogene Proteins
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Budding yeast Cdc20: a target of the spindle checkpoint (1998)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1998-03-07
    Description: The spindle checkpoint regulates the cell division cycle by keeping cells with defective spindles from leaving mitosis. In the two-hybrid system, three proteins that are components of the checkpoint, Mad1, Mad2, and Mad3, were shown to interact with Cdc20, a protein required for exit from mitosis. Mad2 and Mad3 coprecipitated with Cdc20 at all stages of the cell cycle. The binding of Mad2 depended on Mad1 and that of Mad3 on Mad1 and Mad2. Overexpression of Cdc20 allowed cells with a depolymerized spindle or damaged DNA to leave mitosis but did not overcome the arrest caused by unreplicated DNA. Mutants in Cdc20 that were resistant to the spindle checkpoint no longer bound Mad proteins, suggesting that Cdc20 is the target of the spindle checkpoint.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hwang, L H -- Lau, L F -- Smith, D L -- Mistrot, C A -- Hardwick, K G -- Hwang, E S -- Amon, A -- Murray, A W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1998 Feb 13;279(5353):1041-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Physiology, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0444, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9461437" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Anaphase ; Anaphase-Promoting Complex-Cyclosome ; Cadherins ; Calcium-Binding Proteins/metabolism ; *Carrier Proteins ; Cdc20 Proteins ; Cdh1 Proteins ; Cell Cycle Proteins/chemistry/genetics/*metabolism ; DNA Damage ; DNA Replication ; Fungal Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Ligases/metabolism ; Mad2 Proteins ; *Mitosis ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Nuclear Proteins/metabolism ; Phosphoproteins/metabolism ; *Repressor Proteins ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/*cytology/*metabolism ; *Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins ; Spindle Apparatus/*metabolism ; *Ubiquitin-Protein Ligase Complexes ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    Zeta phosphorylation without ZAP-70 activation induced by TCR antagonists or partial agonists (1995)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1995-01-27
    Description: Small changes in the peptide-major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecule ligands recognized by antigen-specific T cell receptors (TCRs) can convert fully activating complexes into partially activating or even inhibitory ones. This study examined early TCR-dependent signals induced by such partial agonists or antagonists. In contrast to typical agonist ligands, both an antagonist and several partial agonists stimulated a distinct pattern of zeta chain phosphorylation and failed to activate associated ZAP-70 kinase. These results identify a specific step in the early tyrosine phosphorylation cascade that is altered after TCR engagement with modified peptide-MHC molecule complexes. This finding may explain the different biological responses to TCR occupancy by these variant ligands.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Madrenas, J -- Wange, R L -- Wang, J L -- Isakov, N -- Samelson, L E -- Germain, R N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1995 Jan 27;267(5197):515-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Lymphocyte Biology Section, National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/7824949" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Clone Cells ; Cytochrome c Group/pharmacology ; Enzyme Activation ; Histocompatibility Antigens Class II/genetics/immunology/*pharmacology ; Interleukin-2/biosynthesis ; L Cells (Cell Line) ; Ligands ; Lymphocyte Activation ; Membrane Proteins/*metabolism ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Peptide Fragments/pharmacology ; Phosphorylation ; Protein-Tyrosine Kinases/*metabolism ; Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/agonists/antagonists & inhibitors/*metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer/*immunology ; Tyrosine/metabolism ; ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Isolation and partial characterization of conditional cell division cycle mutants inChlamydomonas (1995)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 186 (1995), S. 149-162 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Keywords: Algae ; Cytoskeleton ; Microtubules ; Microtubule organizing centres ; Mutation ; Temperature-sensitive
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary We have isolated a number of temperature conditional cell division cycle mutants of the unicellular plantChlamydomonas reinhardtii that are defective in single nuclear genes. Cells grow and divide normally at the permissive temperature (21 °C), but arrest in division at the restrictive temperature (33 °C). We have characterized these mutants using DNA probes and immunofluorescence techniques to localize cytoskeletal and microtubule organizing centre proteins. We describe here 3 broad classes of cell cycle mutation which result in cell cycle arrest with: unreplicated DNA (G1 arrest), duplicated DNA (G2 arrest) and multiple nuclei due to defective cytokinesis (cytokinesis arrest). The continuation of nuclear division in mutants blocked in cytokinesis provides support of an earlier hypothesis that stage specific events in theChlamydomonas cell cycle are arranged in separate dependent sequences. The mutants isolated in the present study provide insights into the role of cytoskeletal proteins in the coordination of plant cell division and the means to investigate the molecular mechanisms whereby division by multiple fission is controlled in the unicellular plantChlamydomonas.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01281325
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An activity coefficient model for proteins (1997)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 55 (1997), S. 940-940 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: No abstract.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Extracellular guanosine 5′-monophosphate and guanosine 5′-diphosphate in Bacillus subtilis Broths (1964)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 6 (1964), S. 361-365 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: The ability of Bacillus subtilis to accumulate guanosine 5′-monophosphate (5′-GMP) extracellularly was demonstrated by isolation of 85% pure 5′-GMP from the broth. In addition, a compound with the properties of guanosine 5′ diphosphate was obtained from the same broth.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260060310
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Operational patterns affecting lactic acid production in ultrafiltration cell recycle bioreactor (1995)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 45 (1995), S. 320-327 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: cell recycle reactor ; ultrafiltration tubular membranes ; high lactic acid productivities ; best operational conditions ; different dilution rates ; start-up strategy ; membrane permeability ; long-term fermentations ; Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Lactic acid production with cell recycling on an ultrafiltration tubular membrane reactor was studied; higher lactic acid concentrations as well as productivities were obtained under long-term fermentations compared with other high cell density systems. Different operational conditions, namely dilution rates and start-up modes, were assessed. Performances were very different at the three different dilution rates tested (D = 0.20 h-1, D = 0.40 h-1, or D = 0.58 h-1). The different behaviours are discussed and factors responsible for them are presented. The best way to operate for lactic acid production is chosen, the dilution rate of D = 0.40 h-1 being the one providing the best overall performance. On the other hand, results show that of the two start-up modes tested, continuous start (membrane open) permits higher permeabilities throughout the operational runs than batch start (membrane closed). Operational stability was found to be directly associated with membranes that work at “steady state,” the membrane permeability being kept around 15 L/m2 h. Optimized cell bleed can improve time of operation if such membrane permeability can be maintained for a longer time. A comparison of results with those obtained in other lactic acid production systems is presented; such comparison shows that this tubular ultrafiltration membrane cell recycle reactor presents three important advantages: (1) concomitant lactic acid concentrations and productivities; (2) long periods of operation at reasonable permeabilities; and (3) good mechanical stability permitting the use of steam sterilization. © 1995 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260450406
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