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  • 2020-2024  (17)
  • 2000-2004
  • 2022  (17)
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  • 1
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    Fair Use (2022)
    Mohr Siebeck | Mohr Siebeck GmbH & Co. KG
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-19
    Description: Zum Ausgleich des Interessenkonfliktes zwischen Urheberrechtsinhaber und Werknutzer haben sich im internationalen Vergleich zwei grundlegend unterschiedliche Regelungstechniken entwickelt. Das eine Modell - dessen prominentester und wirtschaftlich bedeutendster Vertreter die Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika sind, versucht den Interessenausgleich dadurch zu erreichen, dass einem umfassend gewährten Urheberrecht eine ebenso offene Schrankengeneralklausel gegenübergestellt wird. Der zweite, traditionell in den kontinentaleuropäischen Rechtsordnungen vorzufindende und auch in das deutsche Urheberrechtsgesetz übernommene Typus sieht dagegen einen abschließenden Katalog von Einzelausnahmen vor. Achim Förster widmet sich den Rechtssetzungsmöglichkeiten bei der Ausgestaltung urheberrechtlicher Schranken und stellt hierzu die Fair Use -Doktrin des US-amerikanischen Copyright Act (17 U.S.C. § 107) dem Schrankenkatalog des deutschen Urheberrechtsgesetzes (§§ 44a ff. UrhG) gegenüber. Er vergleicht Herkunft, Funktion und konkrete Handhabung der Schrankensysteme und untersucht deren Verwurzelung im Verfassungsrecht und in der Urheberrechtstheorie. Aus inter- und supranationaler Sicht stellt er die Frage, welche konkreten Vorgaben sich aus dem Völker- und Europarecht für die Ausgestaltung der nationalen Urheberrechtsschranken ableiten lassen. Der Autor wendet die so gewonnenen Erkenntnisse auf die aktuelle Diskussion zur Flexibilisierung des Schrankenkataloges an und bewertet die rechtspolitischen Optionen des deutschen Gesetzgebers.
    Keywords: Law ; Commercial ; Law ; Conflict of Laws ; Law ; Comparative ; bic Book Industry Communication::L Law::LN Laws of Specific jurisdictions::LNC Company, commercial & competition law::LNCB Commercial law ; bic Book Industry Communication::L Law::LB International law::LBG Private international law & conflict of laws ; bic Book Industry Communication::L Law::LA Jurisprudence & general issues::LAM Comparative law
    Language: German
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    E-BOOK
  • 2
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    Überbau (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-23
    Description: Where do the raw materials for the large-scale and process-promissing architectural and infrastructural projects in steel and concrete come from? How is architecture entangled with the global system of supply chains? Who benefits from the distribution of property? What are the working conditions on major European construction sites? And in German architectural offices? How is architecture produced today? The publication deals with environmental destruction and land grabbing by the cement industry in Indonesia and Vietnam, the methods of the sand mafia on the Mekong, and the extraction of lithium in Bolivia for the batteries of our smart cities. It sheds light on structural inequalities in land policy and the precarious employment conditions of those who make architecture, who are usually forgotten in the contemplation of spectacular new buildings. In this way, the forms of architectural governmentality become tangible.
    Keywords: architecture ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AM Architecture::AMX History of architecture ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNK Conservation of the environment
    Language: German
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    E-BOOK
  • 3
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    Kritische Edition der Sahidischen Version des Johannesevangeliums: Text und Dokumentation (2022)
    De Gruyter
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-01-14
    Description: Sahidic is the most important dialect of the Coptic language. Criticial editions of the Sahidic translation of the New Testament are a desideratum since many years. A research project (P29315) funded by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) made the critical edition of the Sahidic Version of the Gospel of John possible. 172 different, mostly fragmentary manuscripts have been used for this edition.
    Description: Sahidisch ist der wichtigste Literaturdialekt des Koptischen. Seit langem gelten moderne kritische Editionen der sahidischen Übersetzung des Neuen Testaments als Desiderat der Forschung. Ein Forschungsprojekt (P29315) des Österreichischen Wissenschaftsfonds (FWF) ermöglichte eine kritische Edition des sahidischen Johannesevangeliums. Ihr liegen 172 verschiedene, zu großen Teilen fragmentarisch erhaltene, Handschriften zugrunde.
    Keywords: Neues Testamen, Johannesevangelium, Sahidisch ; ÖFOS 2012, Neutestamentliche Bibelwissenschaft ; ÖFOS 2012, Koptologie ; ÖFOS 2012, Klassische Philologie ; New Testament, Gospel of John, Sahidic ; ÖFOS 2012, New Testament studies ; ÖFOS 2012, Coptic studies ; ÖFOS 2012, Classical philology ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HR Religion & beliefs::HRC Christianity::HRCG Biblical studies & exegesis ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HR Religion & beliefs::HRC Christianity::HRCC Christian Churches & denominations::HRCC1 The Early Church ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HR Religion & beliefs::HRC Christianity::HRCF Bibles::HRCF2 New Testaments
    Language: German
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    E-BOOK
  • 4
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    Verbrechen gegen die Menschlichkeit durch Migrationskontrolle? (2022)
    Hamburg University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-21
    Description: In her work, Stine von Förster examines the actions of state forces in migration control in Spain, Italy, Greece and Bulgaria. The focus is on the relevance under international criminal law of the handling of migrants in direct connection with irregular entry into the European Union. When examining the events at the borders of the southern EU member states, incidents on the Mediterranean Sea - i.e. before the actual border crossing - as well as the handling of irregular migrants directly following the border crossing are also taken into account. The main subject of the study is the question of whether the handling of irregular migrants at the southern external borders of the EU results in crimes against humanity as defined in Article 7 of the Rome Statute of the International Criminal Court by state forces.
    Keywords: International criminal law ; International law ; Migration ; International Criminal Court ; Human rights violations ; Frontex ; bic Book Industry Communication::L Law::LB International law::LBB Public international law::LBBZ International criminal law
    Language: German
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    E-BOOK
  • 5
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    The German Heat Flow Database 2022 (2022)
    GFZ Data Services
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: Abstract
    Description: The data publication contains all heat-flow data of onshore Germany. The data release contains data generated between 1959 and 2020 and constitutes a substantial update and extension compared to the last compilation provided by the Geothermal Atlas from Hurter & Haenel (2002). The data set comprises new heat-flow determinations published after 2002 as well as data from before 2002, which were not included in the Hurter & Haenel atlas. The resulting updated database contains 836 determinations of heat flow at 595 locations from 42 publications. 85% of the reported heat-flow values are determined in boreholes, 5% in mines, and further 9 % are from onshore lake measurements using marine probe sensing techniques. The reporting and storing of the database is following the structure of the IHFC Global Heat Flow Database (Fuchs et al., 2021). A comprehensive description, including field classifications and ex-amples of associated data, is documented there. The IHFC database concept introduces parent elements (providing site-specific information), child elements (i.e. heat-flow values determined at the site and associated meta-data) and further fields providing additional information for the eval-uation of heat-flow quality. Thus, it provides a detailed collection of data and meta-data infor-mation, exceeding the sparse information on coordinates, name and heat-flow value provided in Hurter & Haenel (2002). In our release of the German heat-flow values, we have added fields about the applied quality scoring, the reasoning for inclusion or exclusion of data due to quality, and a descriptive field of the regional tectonic or geological units. For details of this procedure see Fuchs et al. (2022). The associated data description provides the full list of data sources (publications), while the DOI landing page only displays digital versions of articles if available.
    Keywords: heat flow ; geothermal potential ; onshore ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 ATMOSPHERE 〉 ATMOSPHERIC RADIATION 〉 HEAT FLUX ; EARTH SCIENCE 〉 OCEANS 〉 OCEAN HEAT BUDGET 〉 HEAT FLUX ; physical property 〉 temperature
    Type: Dataset , Dataset
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    DATA GFZ
  • 6
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    Biodiversity post-2020: Closing the gap between global targets and national-level implementation (2022)
    In:  Conservation Letters
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-11
    Description: National and local governments need to step up efforts to effectively implement the post-2020 global biodiversity framework of the Convention on Biological Diversity to halt and reverse worsening biodiversity trends. Drawing on recent advances in interdisciplinary biodiversity science, we propose a framework for improved implementation by national and subnational governments. First, the identification of actions and the promotion of ownership across stakeholders need to recognize the multiple values of biodiversity and account for remote responsibility. Second, cross-sectorial implementation and mainstreaming should adopt scalable and multifunctional ecosystem restoration approaches and target positive futures for nature and people. Third, assessment of progress and adaptive management can be informed by novel biodiversity monitoring and modeling approaches handling the multidimensionality of biodiversity change.
    Language: English
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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    CITATION PIK
  • 7
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    Net‐Zero CO 2 Germany - A Retrospect From the Year 2050 (2022)
    AGU (American Geophysical Union) | Wiley
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Germany 2050: For the first time Germany reached a balance between its sources of anthropogenic CO2 to the atmosphere and newly created anthropogenic sinks. This backcasting study presents a fictional future in which this goal was achieved by avoiding (∼645 Mt CO2), reducing (∼50 Mt CO2) and removing (∼60 Mt CO2) carbon emissions. This meant substantial transformation of the energy system, increasing energy efficiency, sector coupling, and electrification, energy storage solutions including synthetic energy carriers, sector-specific solutions for industry, transport, and agriculture, as well as natural-sink enhancement and technological carbon dioxide options. All of the above was necessary to achieve a net-zero CO2 system for Germany by 2050.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    PAPER (OCEANREP)
  • 8
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    Framework for Assessing the Feasibility of Carbon Dioxide Removal Options Within the National Context of Germany (2022)
    Frontiers
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-07
    Description: Removal of carbon dioxide from the atmosphere will be required over the next decades to achieve the Paris Agreement goal of limiting global warming to well below 2°C aiming at not exceeding 1.5°C. Technological and ecosystem-based options are considered for generating negative emissions through carbon dioxide removal (CDR) and several nations have already included these in their Long-Term Low Greenhouse Gas Emission Development Strategies. However, strategies for development, implementation, and upscaling of CDR options often remain vague. Considering the scale at which CDR deployment is envisioned in emission pathways for limiting global warming to 1.5°C, significant environmental, social, and institutional implications are to be expected and need to be included in national feasibility assessments of CDR options. Following a multi-disciplinary and comprehensive approach, we created a framework that considers the environmental, technological, economic, social, institutional, and systemic implications of upscaling CDR options. We propose the framework as a tool to help guide decision-relevant feasibility assessments of CDR options, as well as identify challenges and opportunities within the national context. As such, the framework can serve as a means to inform and support decision makers and stakeholders in the iterative science-policy process of determining the role of CDR options in national strategies of achieving net-zero carbon emissions.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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    PAPER (OCEANREP)
  • 9
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    Scoping carbon dioxide removal options for Germany–What is their potential contribution to Net-Zero CO2? (2022)
    Frontiers
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-07
    Description: In its latest assessment report the IPCC stresses the need for carbon dioxide removal (CDR) to counterbalance residual emissions to achieve net zero carbon dioxide or greenhouse gas emissions. There are currently a wide variety of CDR measures available. Their potential and feasibility, however, depends on context specific conditions, as among others biophysical site characteristics, or availability of infrastructure and resources. In our study, we selected 13 CDR concepts which we present in the form of exemplary CDR units described in dedicated fact sheets. They cover technical CO2 removal (two concepts of direct air carbon capture), hybrid solutions (six bioenergy with carbon capture technologies) and five options for natural sink enhancement. Our estimates for their CO2 removal potentials in 2050 range from 0.06 to 30 million tons of CO2, depending on the option. Ten of the 13 CDR concepts provide technical removal potentials higher than 1 million tons of CO2 per year. To better understand the potential contribution of analyzed CDR options to reaching net-zero CO2 emissions, we compare our results with the current CO2 emissions and potential residual CO2 emissions in 2050 in Germany. To complement the necessary information on technology-based and hybrid options, we also provide an overview on possible solutions for CO2 storage for Germany. Taking biophysical conditions and infrastructure into account, northern Germany seems a preferable area for deployment of many concepts. However, for their successful implementation further socio-economic analysis, clear regulations, and policy incentives are necessary.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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    PAPER (OCEANREP)
  • 10
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    Solar Flux Influence on the In‐Situ Plasma Density at Topside Ionosphere Measured by Swarm Satellites (2022)
    In:  Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-30
    Description: In this study, we perform the first comprehensive comparison of ion density (Ni) in the topside ionosphere measured by the Langmuir probe (LP) and faceplate (FP) of the thermal ion imager on board Swarm satellites. Our results show a systematic difference between the LP and FP derived Ni values, and the systematic difference shows prominent dependences on solar flux, local time, and season. Although both Ni datasets show generally good linear regression with electron density (Ne) measurements from the incoherent scatter radar (ISR) located at Jicamarca, the Ni derived from LP shows an additional dependence on the solar flux, while such a dependence cannot be seen in the FP-derived Ni. We suggest that the solar flux dependence of LP-derived Ni is related to the ion compositions change at Swarm altitude, which has not been properly accounted for in the LP processing algorithm. More light ions (e.g., H+), diffusing down from the plasmasphere to the Swarm altitude, seem to cause the overestimation of Ni from LP during low solar activity. A linear relation between the Swarm LP-derived Ni and ISR Ne is derived, and such a function is recommended to be implemented into further updates of the Swarm LP plasma density data.
    Type: info:eu-repo/semantics/article
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    PAPER (OA)
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