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  • Fish  (5)
  • 2020-2022  (5)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1970-1974
  • 1955-1959
  • 1940-1944
  • 2020  (5)
  • 1
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    Effects of dietary Shirazi thyme (Zataria multiflora Boiss) and vitamin E on growth and biochemical parameters in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Using phytobiotics as fish feed additives has interestingly increased during the recent decade. The aim of the current study was to evaluate the effect of individual and combined levels of thyme and vitamin E in common carp. Juveniles were separately fed four distinct diets including a control diet (commercial diet without any additive), a diet supplemented with 1% ground Shirazi thyme, diet supplemented with 100 mg/kg vitamin E and a mixture of Shirazi thyme and vitamin E (TE) with mentioned concentrations for 45 days. Sampling was done on days 15, 30 and 45 after the feeding trial duration and some growth and plasma biochemical parameters were evaluated. The individual thyme supplementation significantly increased weight gain (%), feed conversion efficiency and decreased feed conversion ratio (p〈0.05). Plasma enzymes (AST, ALT, ALP and LDH) were not affected in all experimental groups. Compared with the control, triglyceride and glucose were significantly elevated in TE complex at all sampling times. Plasma proteins (total protein, albumin and globulin), cholesterol and creatinine were not altered in all treatments. In conclusion, dietary supplementation with individual 1% Shirazi thyme had no harmful effects on plasma biochemical parameters and increased growth performance of the fish. Moreover, positive effects of thyme on fish growth were more than with vitamin E. Supplementation with a mixture of vitamin E and thyme also displayed no superiority than the individual use of Shirazi thyme in the diet.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Zataria multiflora ; Growth ; Phytobiotic ; Vitamin E ; Plasma ; Fish
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.517-530
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  • 2
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    Structure and ultrastructure studies of the digestive tract of the endangered Qinling lenok (Brachymystax tsinlingensis Li, 1966) (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The aim of this study was to investigate the structure and ultrastructure of the digestive tract of Qinling lenok (Brachymystax tsinlingensis Li, 1966), a cold water Salmonidae fish, an endangered teleost species, with high potential for controlled rearing in Shaanxi Province of China, by light and electron microscopy. Morphological data of the digestive tract are important for understanding fish nutrition, pathological or physiological alterations. The histological structure of Qinling lenok consists of four layers: mucosa, submucosa, muscularis and serosa. Taste buds were found in lips and esophagus. The esophageal mucosa consists of undifferentiated mucous cells and surface epithelial cells. The U-shaped stomach was divided into cardiac, fundic and pyloric region. There are numerous gastric glands in the submucosa layer of the cardiac and fundic stomach, but none of them are present in the pyloric region. The convoluted tube-shape intestine is lined by simple columnar epithelial cells with microvilli at the apical surface, with an intestinal coefficient of 0.61. There are numerous goblet cells in the intestine. Finger-like pyloric caeca were found in the front of intestine tube, with number ranged from 42 to 88. In ultrastructural level, mucous and glandular cells in the stomach were found, the glandular cell with well-developed tubulovesicular system, a great amount of pepsinogen granules, mitochondria and Golgi apparatus. The enterocytes with abundant microvilli contained mitochondria and lysosome, and mucous granules of goblet cells were apparent in the intestine. High density of lipid droplets of pyloric caeca might be concerned with fat-absorption. The present study suggests that the digestive tract of Qinling lenok is similar to other carnivorous fishes, in relation to its feeding habits.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Brachymystax tsinlingensis ; Digestive tract ; Histology ; Ultrastructure ; Fish ; Morphology
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.981-995
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  • 3
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    Influence of vacuum packaging and frozen storage time on fatty acids, amino acids and ω -3/ ω-6 ratio of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: In this study rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) fillets were vacuum packed, frozen and stored at -18°C and the effect of this packaging method on proximate composition, fatty acids and amino acid profile and their changes compared to control conditions during 9 months of storage were studied. The results showed that 18 fatty acids were identified. The unsaturated fatty acid (UFA) were 56.77 and 57.23 % in control and vacuum packed samples in zero time and oleic acid and linoleic acid had high amounts among the UFA. The saturated fatty acid (SFA) were 29.51 and 29.31 in control and vacuum packed samples, respectively and stearic acid and palmitic acid were the most among the SFA. As a result of a frozen storage period of 9 months, a marked content decrease was found in the fatty acid groups such as MUFA, PUFA and ω -3 PUFA, as well as in the ω -3/ ω-6 ratio. However, a preserving effect on such fatty acid parameters could be observed due to the vacuum packed treatment. Results showed that moisture, ash, protein and fat content were 72.1, 2.27, 20.78 and 7.1 g/100g in fresh fillets. At the end of storage time moisture and protein content were decrease and fat and ash were increase in control and vacuum packed samples. On the other hand, the most abundant amino acids in rainbow trout fillets were glutamic acid, aspartic acid, arginine and leucine. The results indicate that vacuum packaging treatment, in all measuring factors had significantly reduced than those in control samples. Thus, vacuum packaging retain quality of fatty acid and amino acid of rainbow trout fillets within the cold storage and utilization of this method is recommended.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Oncorhynchus mykiss ; Fish ; Fatty acid ; Amino acid ; Freezing ; Vacuum packaging
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.1083-1092
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  • 4
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    Effects of dietary replacement of fishmeal by yellow mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) larvae meal on growth performance, hematological indices and some of non-specific immune responses of juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: 8-week feeding trial was conducted for juvenile rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) to determine the optimal amount of Tenebrio molitor meal (TM) that could replace fishmeal in feeds without reducing growth performance, hematological indices and non-specific immune responses. Five isonitrogenous and isolipidic diets were formulated with TM replacing 0% (Control), 25% (TM25), 50% (TM50), 75% (TM75) and 100% (TM100) fishmeal respectively. Each diet was randomly divided into triplicate groups with 20 juveniles (initial weight 10±0.5 g). At the end of the experiment, the mean of the final weight of the fish fed diets with control (41.7±0.7) and diet containing 25% TM powder (43.1±2.1) was significantly higher than other treatments (p〈0.05). The lowest feed conversion ratio was observed in control (0.76±0.1) which had a significant difference compared to TM75 (0.93±0.06) (p〈0.05). Weight gain (WG) was affected by dietary TM inclusion and decreased with increasing TM. Red blood cells was not affected by treatment, while hemoglobin content and hematocrit decreased with increasing TM inclusion levels (p〈0.05). Plasma complement activity, the IgM level and cortisol were not affected by dietary TM. Dietary treatments had no significant effects on plasma glucose and triglyceride of fish compared to the control (p〈0.05). Plasma total protein, albumin and globulin were significantly affected by dietary TM (p〈0.05). Plasma cortisol levels and alternative complement (ACH50) pathway activity did not show any significant difference among treatments (p〉0.05). According to a broken-line model, the recommended substituted ratio of TM for fish meal was estimated to be 25% for rainbow trout obtaining maximum weight gain.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Oncorhynchus mykiss ; Fish ; Proteins ; Meal ; Blood ; Plasma
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.13-26
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  • 5
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    The effect of media type on ammonia levels and growth performance of guppy (Poecilia reticulata) in recirculating systems (2020)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Removing ammonia in recirculating systems is necessary to increase efficiency and reducing ammonia toxicity. So, the select appropriate type of media to reduce is very important. In this study, four different materials (bio-Ball, wood flake, seashell, and natural pumice) as media and guppies as fish sample were used for 40 days. The results showed that the level of ammonia decreased in all media, but this reducing was higher in wood flake than other treatments. Also, the growth indices showed that the fish in the aquarium with wood flake and seashell had a better performance than other media. Accordingly, it can be concluded that due to the better performance of wood flake to reduce ammonia and make more optimal environmental conditions than other media, it can be an appropriate media for bio-filters.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Poecilia reticulata ; Fish ; Toxicity ; Biofilter ; Ammonia ; Aquarium
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed
    Format: pp.25-33
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